Abstract
Already proven to be a powerful diagnostic tool, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is expanding rapidly in the medical field. With this technique, tissue structures are differentiated with far better contrast resolution than with other imaging techniques. However, MRI can seem complex, since it is based on unfamiliar physical concepts, and its principles are different from those of other medical exploration methods.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abragam A (1961) The principles of nuclear magnetism. Int Series of Monogr on Phys, Clarendon Press, Oxford
Andrew ER (1969) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Axel L (1984) Blood flow effects in magnetic resonance imaging. AJR 143: 1157–1166
Beall PT, Hazelwood CF (1983) Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Cl Partain, AE James, FD Rollo, RR Price (eds) Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 312–338
Beall PT, Amtey SR, Kasturi SR (1984) NMR data handbook for biomedical applications. Pergamon Press, New York
Bloch F (1946) Nuclear induction. Phys Rev 70: 460–474
Bloembergen M (1970) Nuclear magnetic relaxation. WA Benjamin Inc, New York
Bottomley PA, Foster TH, Argersinger RE, Pfeifer LM (1984) A review of normal tissue hydrogen. NMR relaxation times and relaxations mechanisms from 1–100 Mhz: Dependence on tissue type, NMR frequency, temperature, species, excision and age. Med Phys 11 (4): 425–448
Bradley G, Waluch V (1985) Blood flow: magnetic resonance imaging. Radiology 154: 443–450
Brant-Zawadzki M, Berry I, Osaki L, Brasch R, Murovic J, Norman D (1986) Gd-DTPA in clinical MR of the brain. Am J Neurol 7: 781–788
Buxton RB, Wismer GL, Brady TJ, Rosen BR (1986) Quantitative proton chemical shift imaging. Magn Reson Med 3: 881–901
Damadian R, Goldsmith M, Minkoff L (1977) NMR in cancer. XVI FONAR image of the live human body. Physiol Chem 9: 97–108
Dixon WT (1984) Simple proton spectroscopic imaging. Radiology 153: 189–194
Edelstein WA, Hutchison JMS, Johnson G, Redpath T (1980) Spin-warp imaging and applications to human whole-body imaging. Phys Med Biol 25: 751
Fullerton GD, Cameron IL, Ord VA (1984) Frequency dependence of magnetic resonance. Spin-lattice relaxation of protons in biological materials. Radiology 151: 135–138
Garroway AN (1974) Velocity measurements in flowing fluids by NMR. J Phys D (Appl Phys) 7: 159–163
Garroway AN, Grannel PK, Mansfield P (1974) Image formation in NMR by a selective irradiation process. J Phys C (solid state physics) 7: 457
Hazelwood CF (1979) A view of the signifiance and understanding of the physical properties of cell-associated water. In: Drost-Hansen W, Clegg J (eds). Cell-Associated water, Academic Press, New York
Hoult DI, Richardj RE (1976) The signal-to-noise ratio of the NMR experiment. J Magn Reson 24: 71–85
Idy I, Bittoun J, Desgrez A (1987) L’IRM et la spectroscopie par RMN: principes physiques et mesure des paramètres. Radiol J CEPUR 7: 261
Kumar A, Welti D, Ernst RR (1975) NMR Fourier Zeugmatography. J Magn Reson 18: 69–83
Lauterbur PC (1973) Image formation by induced local interactions: examples employing nuclear magnetic resonance. Nature 242: 190–191
Lee JKT, Dixon WT, Ling D, Levill RG, Murphy WA (1984) Fatty infiltration of the liver: demonstration by proton spectroscopic imaging. Radiology 153: 195–201
Levy-Leblond JM, Balibar F (1984) Quantique (rudiments). Inter-Editions, Paris
Mansfield P, Maudsley AA, Baires J (1976) Fast scan proton imaging by NMR. J Phys Sci Instr 9: 271–278
Mansfield P, Mandsley AA (1977) Planar spin imaging. J Magn Reson 27: 101–119
Mansfield P, Morris PG (1982) NMR imaging in biomedicine. In Advances in magnetic resonance. JS Waugh (ed) Academic Press, New York
Mueller E, Deimling M, Reinhardt ER (1986) Quantification of pulsatile flow in MRI by an analysis of T2 changes in EGG-gated multiecho experiments. Magn Res Med 3: 331–335
Ordidge RJ, Mansfield P, Doyle M, Coupland RI (1987) Real time movie images by NMR. Br J Radiol 55: 729–733
Purcell EM, Honey HC, Pound RV (1946) Resonance absorption by nuclear magnetic moments in a solid. Phys Rev 69: 37–38
Shimizu K, Matsuda T, Sakurai T, Fujita A, Ohara H, Okamura S, Hashimoto S, Mano H, Kawai C, Kiri M (1986) Visualisation of moving fluid: quantitative analysis of blood flow velocity using MR imaging. Radiology 159: 195–199
Singer JR, Crooks LE (1983) Nuclear magnetic resonance blood flow measurements in the human brain. Science 221: 654
Slichter CP (1963) Principles of magnetic resonance. Harper and Row, New York, pp 137–183
Straugan K, Spencer DH, Bydder GM (1983) Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. CL Partain, AE James, FD Rollo, RR Price (eds) Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 195–206
Waluch V, Bradley WG (1984) NMR even echo rephasing in slow laminar flow. J Comput Assist Tomogr 8: 594–598
Wehrli FW, Mac Fall J, Newton TH (1983) Parameters determinings the appearance of NMR images. In Advanced imaging Techniques. TH Newton, DG Protts (eds) Clavadel Press vol 1: 81–118
Wesbey G (1984) Translational molecular self-diffusion in magnetic resonance imaging: Effects and applications. Biomedical Magnetic Resonance. Radiology Research and Education Foundation (ed)
Wismer GL, Rosen BR, Buxton R, Stard DD, Brady TJ (1985) Chemical shift imaging of bone narrow: preliminary experience. AJR 145: 1031–1037
Zimmermann JR, Brittin WE (1957) Nuclear magnetic resonance studies in multiple phase system: lifetime of a water molecule in a absorbency phase on a silica gel. J Phys Chem 61: 1328–1333
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag France
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Idy-Peretti, I., Bittoun, J. (1989). Physical basis. In: Vanel, D., et al. MRI of the Body. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87556-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87556-4_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-87558-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-87556-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive