Assessment of Chronic Ligamentous Instability Using Arthrography, Arthroscopy, and Anesthesia

Abstract

A definite inter-relationship exists between four major groups of pathology encountered in knee surgery, i.e., lesions of the menisci, ligamentous instability, patellar tracking problems, and articular cartilage damage (Fig. 1). To segregate one’s thinking solely to one of these major components without thinking of the others ignores the totality approach to knee derangements.