Skip to main content

History of the Development of Polarized Targets

  • Conference paper
High Energy Spin Physics

Abstract

From my viewpoint as a solid state experimentalist, I will give a somewhat personal account of the key ideas and physical mechanisms leading to the achievement of large dynamic nuclear polarizations in solids. Following this I backtrack a bit and describe application to the first real targets. Finally, as a bystander, I review briefly the subsequent advances in target materials and technology, which are quite sophisticated nowadays.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. A. Overhauser, Phys. Rev. 92, 411 (1953).

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. T. Carver and C. Slichter, Phys. Rev. 92, 212 (1953).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. C. D. Jeffries, in Felix Bloch and 20th Century Physics (Rice University Press, Houston, 1980 ), Ch. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  4. J. Korringa, Phys. Rev. 94, 1388 (1954)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. C. Kittel, Phys. Rev. 95, 589 (1954)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. P. Brovetto and G. Cini, Nuovo Cimento 11, 618 (1954)

    Google Scholar 

  7. M. J. Klein, Phys. Rev. 98, 1736 (1955).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. J. Korringa, Phys. Rev. 94, 1388 (1954)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. C. Kittel, Phys. Rev. 95, 589 (1954)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. P. Brovetto and G. Cini, Nuovo Cimento 11, 618 (1954)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M. J. Klein, Phys. Rev. 98, 1736 (1955).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. A. Abragam, Phys. Rev. 98, 1729 (1955).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. A. Abragam, J. Combrisson, and I. Solomon, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 245, 157 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  14. C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 106, 164 (1957)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 117, 1056 (1960).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. M. Abraham, R. Kedzie, and C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 106, 165 (1957).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Abragam and W. G. Proctor, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 246, 2253 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  18. A. Abragam, J. Combrisson, and I. Solomon, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 247, 2337 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  19. M. Abraham, M. A. H. McCausland, and F. N. H. Robinson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 2, 449 (1959).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. O. S. Leifson, P. L. Scott, and C. D. Jeffries, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. II 4, 453 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  21. M. Borghini and A. Abragam, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 248, 1803 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  22. P. L. Scott, O. S. Leifson, and C. D. Jeffries, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. II 4, 453 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  23. J. A. Cowen, W. R. Schaffer, and R. D. Spence, Phys. Rev. Lett. 3, 13 (1959).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. T. J. Schmugge and C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. Lett. 9, 268 (1962).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. C. D. Jeffries, Dynamic Nuclear Orientation ( John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1963 ).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Peter L. Scott, Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 1961 (unpublished).

    Google Scholar 

  27. P. L. Scott and C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 127, 32 (1962); R. H. Ruby, H. Benoit, and C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 127, 51 (1962).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. J. H. Van Vleck, Phys. Rev. 57, 426 (1940)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. J. H. Van Vleck, Phys. Rev. 59, 724 (1941).

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. R. Orbach, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A264, 456 (1961).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. T. J. Schmugge and C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 138, A1785 (1965).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. T. E. Gunter and C. D. Jeffries, Phys. Rev. 159, 290 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  33. C. D. Jeffries, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Polarized Targets and Ion Sources (Saclay, 1966 ), P. 95.

    Google Scholar 

  34. C. D. Jeffries, in Polarization Phenomena in Nuclear Reactions, eds. H. H. Barshall and W. Haeberli ( Univ. of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1971 ), P. 351.

    Google Scholar 

  35. C. D. Jeffries, in Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, ed. S. Geschwind (Plenum Press, 1972 ), p. 217.

    Google Scholar 

  36. A. Abragam and M. Goldman, Repts. Prog. Phys. 41, 397 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. A. Redfield, Phys. Rev. 98, 1787 (1955).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. B. N. Provotorov, Soviet Phys. JETP 14, 1126 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  39. A. Abragam and M. Borghini, in Progress in Low Temperature Physics, Vol. IV, ed. C. Gorter (North Holland, 1964 ), p. 384.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  40. I. Solomon, in Magnetic Resonance and Relaxation, ed. J. Schmidt (North Holland, 1963 ), p. 25.

    Google Scholar 

  41. M. Borghini, Phys. Rev. Lett 20, 419 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. M. Borghini, in Proc. Int. Conf, on Polarized Targets, ed. G. Shapiro (Berkeley, 1971 ), p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  43. W. de Boer, J. Low Temp. Phys. 22, 185 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. S. F. J. Cox, V. Bouffard, and M. Goldman, J. Phys. C6, L100 (1973).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. A. Abragam et al., Phys. Lett. 2, 310 (1962).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. Full details of this target are given in ref. 29, p. 446-ff.

    Google Scholar 

  47. A. Abragam, M. Borghini, and M. Chapellier, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 255, 1343 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  48. O. Chamberlain, C. Schultz, G. Shapiro, and C. D. Jeffries, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 8, 38 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  49. G. Shapiro, in Progress in Nuclear Techniques and Instruments, Vol. I, ed. F. S. Farley (North Holland, 1964 ), p. 176.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Chamberlain, C. D. Jeffries, C. H. Schultz, G. Shapiro, and L. Van Rossum, Phys. Lett. 7, 293 (1963).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. M. Borghini, P. Roubeau, and C. Ryter, Nuclear Instrum. 49, 248 (1967)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. M. Borghini, P. Roubeau, and C. Ryter, 49, 259 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  53. H. H. Atkinson, in Proc. Int. Conf. on Polarized Targets, ed. G. Shapiro (Berkeley, 1971 ), p. 41.

    Google Scholar 

  54. M. Borghini, in Methods in Subnuclear Physics, Vol. IV, Part 2, ed. M. Nikolii ( Gordon and Breach, New York, 1970 ), p. 191.

    Google Scholar 

  55. W. de Boer and T. O. Niinikoski, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 114, 495 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. T. 0. Niinikoski and F. Udo, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. 134, 219 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. T. O. Niinikoski, in Proc. Symp. on High Energy Physics with Polarized Beams and Targets, Argonne, 1976, ed. M. Marshak, Am. Inst. of Phys. Conf. Proc. No. 35, p. 458.

    Google Scholar 

  58. T. O. Niinikoski and J. M. Rieubland, Phys. Lett. 72A, 141 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. W. Meyer et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. (Letter to Editor) A244, 574 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  60. U. Härtel et al., 1980 Proc. of Int. Symposium on High Energy Physics with Polarized Beams and Polarized Targets, eds. C. Joseph and J. Soffer ( Birkhauser, Basel ), P. 451

    Google Scholar 

  61. W. Meyer, Helv. Phys. Acta 59, 728 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  62. G. Durand et al., in Proc. Symp. on High Energy Spin Physics, Minneapolis, 1988, ed. K. J. Heller, Am. Inst. of Phys. Conf. Proc. No. 187, p. 1275.

    Google Scholar 

  63. S. Penttila et al., in Proc. Symp. on High Energy Spin Physics, Minneapolis, 1988, ed. K. J. Heller, Am. Inst. of Phys. Conf. Proc. No. 187, p. 1281.

    Google Scholar 

  64. D. Hill et al., in Proc. Symp. on High Energy Spin Physics, Minneapolis, 1988, ed. K. J. Heller, Am. Inst. of Phys. Conf. Proc. No. 187, p. 1268.

    Google Scholar 

  65. D. G. Crabb et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 26–27 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Jeffries, C.D. (1991). History of the Development of Polarized Targets. In: Althoff, KH., Meyer, W. (eds) High Energy Spin Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86995-2_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86995-2_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-86997-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-86995-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics