Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electrolyte Disturbances

  • Chapter
Handbook of Evidence-Based Critical Care

  • 270 Accesses

Abstract

Rules of the Game

  • Sodium balance determines volume status.

  • Water balance determines tonicity, i.e., Na+ concentration.

  • Volume overload = increased total body sodium (regardless of serum sodium concentration)

  • Euvolemia = normal total body sodium (regardless of serum sodium concentration)

  • Volume depletion - decreased total body sodium (regardless of serum sodium concentration)

  • Hyponatremia = relative water excess

  • Hypernatremia = relative water deficit

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Selected References

  1. Desai TK, Carlson RW, Geheb MA. Prevalence and clinical implications of hypocalcemia in acutely ill patients in a medical intensive care setting.Am J Med. 1988;84:209–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hebert P, Mehta N, Wang J, et al. Functional magnesium deficiency in critically ill patients identified using a magnesium-loading test. Crit Care Med. 1997;25:749–755.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Lind L, Carlstedt F, Rastad J, et al. Hypocalcemia and parathyroid hormone secretion in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:93–99.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Rubeiz GJ, Thill-Baharozian M, Hardie D, Carlson RW. Association of hypo- magnesemia and mortality in acutely ill medical patients. Crit Care Med. 1993;21:203–209.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Weisinger JR, Bellorin-Font E. Magnesium and phosphorus. Lancet. 1998; 352:391–396.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Zaloga GP. Ionized hypocalcemia during sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2000;28: 266–268.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Critical Care Medicine, Mercy Hospital of Pittsburgh, 1400 Locust Street, 15219-5166, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Paul Ellis Marik MD, MBBCh, FCP(SA), FRCP(C), FCCP, FCCM

Authors
  1. Paul Ellis Marik MD, MBBCh, FCP(SA), FRCP(C), FCCP, FCCM
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Marik, P.E. (2001). Electrolyte Disturbances. In: Handbook of Evidence-Based Critical Care. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86943-3_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86943-3_30

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-78093-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-86943-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation