Zusammenfassung
Belastungsuntersuchungen spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Diagnose einer koronaren Herzkrankheit. Die Streßechokardiographie stellt die natürliche Verschmelzung aus einem kardiovaskulärem Belastungstest und der bildlichen Darstellung der resultierenden Ischämiereaktion mittels Echokardiographie dar. Die dieser Verbindung zugrundeliegende Basis ist die Beobachtung, daß Regionen des Herzmuskels, die ischämisch werden, eine Wandbewegungstörung entwickeln. Bereits 1935 zeigten Tennant und Wiggers (31), daß dem Verschluß einer Koronararterie fast sofort eine Wandbewegungsstörung folgt. Die als Folge der Ischämie auftretende Wandbewegungsstörung ist noch vor dem Eintreten von Angina oder elektrokardiographischen Veränderungen erkennbar. Dieser Ablauf ist als Ischämiekaskade beschrieben worden. Eine Ischämie kann jedoch nicht nur durch Verminderung der Blut- und Sauerstoffzufuhr, sondern auch durch Erhöhung des Sauerstoffbedarfs provoziert werden. Entscheidend ist das Erzeugen eines Mißverhältnisses zwischen Angebot und Bedarf. Eine Verminderung der Zufuhr kann durch pharmakologisch verursachte Perfusionsumverteilung zugunsten anderer Koronarterritorien bewirkt werden (Steal-Effekt, Wirkungsmechanismus von Dipyridamol und Adenosin). Eine Erhöhung des Sauerstoffbedarfs ist durch physikalische Belastung (Fahrrad- oder Laufbandergometrie), pharmakologische Belastung (Dobutamin, Arbutamin) oder durch Erhöhung der Herzfrequenz mittels Vorhofstimulation erreichbar.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
American Society of Echocardiography Committee on Standards, Subcommittee on Quantification of Two Dimensional Echocardiograms. Recommendations for the left ventricle by two dimensional echocardiography (1989) J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2: 358–67
Armstrong WF, O’Donnell J, Ryan T, et al. (1987) Effect of prior myocardial infarction and extent and location of coronary disease on accuracy of exercise echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 10: 531–538
Bach DS, Muller DWM, Gros BJ, Armstrong WF (1994) False positive dobutamine stress echocardiograms: characterization of clinical, echocardiographic and angiographic findings. J Am Coll Cardiol 24: 928–33
Beleslin BD, Ostojic M, Stepanovic J, et al. (1994) Stress echocardiography in the detection of myocardial ischemia. Head-to-head comparison of exercise, dobutamine and dipyridamole tests. Circulation 90: 1168 – 76
Carstensen S, Ali SM, Stensgaard-Hansen FV, Toft J, Haunso S, Kelbaek H, Saunamaki K (1995) Dobuta-mine-atropine stress echocardiography in asymptomatic healty individuals. Circulation 92: 3453–3463
Crouse LJ, Harbrecht JJ, Vacek JL, et al. (1991) Exercise echocardiography as a screening test for coronary artery disease and correlation with coronary angiography. Am J Cardiol 67: 1213–1218
Dagianti A, Penco M, Agati L, et al. (1995) Stress echocardiography: comparison of exercise, diypridamole and dobutamine in detecting and predicting the extent of coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 26: 18
Fioretti PM, Poldermans D, Salustri A, et al. (1994) Atropine increases the accuracy of dobutamine stress echocardiography in patients taking beta-blockers. Eur Heart J 15: 355
Hoffmann R, Lethen H, Kleinhans E, et al. (1993) Comparative evaluation of bicycle and dobutamine stress echocardiography with perfusion scintigraphy and bicycle electrocardiogram for identification of coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 72: 555
Hoffmann R, Lethen H, Marwick T, Arnese M, Fioretti P, Pingitore A, Picano E, Buck T, Erbel R, Flachskampf FA, Hanrath P (1996) Analysis of interinstitutional observer agreement in the interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms. J Am Coll Cardiol 27: 330–6
Iliceto S, Sorino M, D’Ambrosio G, et al. (1985) Detection of coronary artery disease by two-dimensional echocardiography and transesophageal atrial pacing. J Am Coll Cardiol 5: 1188–1197
Lambertz H, Kreis A, Triimper H, Hanrath P (1990) Simultaneous transesophageal atrial pacing and transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography: a new method of stress echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 16: 1143–1153
Marcovitz PA, Armstrong WF (1992) Accuracy of dobutamine stress echocardiography in detecting coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 69: 1269
Marcovitz PA, Bach DS, Mathias W, et al. (1993) Paradoxic hypotension during dobutamine stress echocardiography: Clinical and diagnostic implications. J Am Coll Cardiol 21: 1080–1086
Marwick TH, Nemec JJ, Pashkow FJ, et al. (1992) Accuracy and limitations of exercise echocardiography in a routine clinical setting. J Am Coll Cardiol 19: 74
Marwick TH, D’Hondt AM, Baudhuin T, et al. (1993) Optimal use of dobutamine stress for the detection and evaluation of coronary artery disease: combination with echocardiography or scintigraphy, or both? J Am Coll Cardiol 22: 159
Mertes H, Sawada SG, Ryan T, et al. (1993) Symptoms, adverse effects, and complications associated with dobutamine stress echocardiography: experience in 1118 patients. Circulation 88: 15–19
Mor-Avi V, Vignon P, Koch R, Weinert L, Garcia MJ, Spencer KT, Lang RM (1997) Segmental analysis of color kinesis images. Circulation 95: 2082–97
Panza JA, Laurienzo JM, Curiel RV, et al. (1994) Transesophageal dobutamine stress echocardiography for evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 24: 1260–1267
Picano E, Lattanzi F, Masini M, et al. (1986) High dose dipyridamole echocardiography test in effort angina pectoris. J Am Coll Cardiol 8: 848
Picano E, Pingitore A, Conti U, et al. (1993) Enhanced sensitivity for detection of coronary artery disease by addition of atropine to dipyridamole echocardiography. Eur Heart J 14: 1216
Picano E, Marini C, Pirelli S, et al. (1992) Safety of intravenous high-dose dipyridamole echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 70: 252–258
Picano E, Lattanzi F, Orlandini A, Marini C, L’Abbate A (1991) Stress Echocardiography and the human factor: the importance of being expert. J Am Coll Cardiol 17: 666–9
Porter TR, Xie F, Kricsfeld A, Chiou A, Dabestani A (1994) Improved endocardial border resolution during dobutamine stress echocardioggraphy with intravenous dextrose albumin. J Am Coll Cardiol 23: 1440–3
Presti CF, Armstrong WF, Feigenbaum H (1988) Comparison of echocardiography at peak exercise and after bicycle exercise in evaluation of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1: 119–126
Previtali M, Lanzarini L, Fetiveau R, et al. (1993) Comparison of dobutamine stress echocardiography, dipyridamole stress echocardiography and exercise stress testing for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 72: 865
Quinones MA, Veroni MS, Haichin RM, et al. (1992) Exercise echocardiography versus 201 TL single-photon emission computed tomography in evaluation of coronary artery disease. Circulation 85: 1026–31
Roger VL, Pellikka PA, Oh JK, et al. (1995) Stress echocardiography. Part I. Exercise echocardiography: Techniques, implementation, clinical applications, and correlations. Mayo Clin Proc 70: 5–15
Ryan T, Segar DS, Sawada SF, et al. (1993) Detection of coronary artery disease with upright bicycle exercise echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 6: 186–197
Sawada SG, Segar DS, Ryan T, et al. (1991) Echocardiographic detection of coronary artery disease during dobutamine infusion. Circulation 83: 1605
Tennant R, Wiggers CJ (1935) The effect of coronary occlusion on myocardial contraction. Am J Physiol 112: 351–361
Wann LS, Faris JV, Childress RH, et al. (1979) Exercise cross-sectional echocardiography in ischemic heart disease. Circulation 60: 1300–1308
Weissman NJ, Nidorf SM, Guerrero JL, Weyman AE, Picard MH (1995). Optimal stage duration in dobutamine stress echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 25: 605–9
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag, GmbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hoffmann, R. (1998). Methodik der Streßechokardiographie. In: Gehring, J., von Bibra, H. (eds) Echokardiographische Diagnostik bei koronarer Herzkrankheit. Steinkopff. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86473-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86473-5_10
Publisher Name: Steinkopff
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-86474-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-86473-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive