Abstract
Kramer and Ingelfinger (1949) were the first to describe the oversensitivity of the achalatic esophagus to parasympathomimetic drugs. In their balloonkymographic studies (a balloon of 40 cm3 was used as an oncometer to detect esophageal volume) they found in achalatic patients a lumen-obliterating esophageal contraction in response to a dose of Mecholyl (methacholine; acetylbeta-methylcholine) which has little effect upon the normal esophagus. Other cholinergic drugs such as Urecholine (Bethanechol; carbaminoyl-/?-methylcholine) (Olsen and Creamer, 1957) or Neostigmine (Kramer et al., 1956) were found to have a similar effect.
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Janssens, J., Hellemans, J. (1974). Pharmacological Tests. In: Diseases of the Esophagus. Handbuch der inneren Medizin, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86429-2_12
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