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Chirurgie der Hirnnerven und Hirnbahnen pp 137–177Cite as

Psychosurgery

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Part of the book series: Handbuch der Neurochirurgie ((NEUROCHIRURGIE,volume 6))

Abstract

The date of November 12, 1935 might with some reason be taken as the date of birth of modern psychosurgery. At this date Egas Moniz and Pedro Almeida Lima were at last ready to perform their first intervention on the human frontal lobes in an attempt to relieve mental disease. It is true that psychosurgical procedures have been used previously, and even with effect. It has been assumed that operations, at least upon the skull, were carried out in prehistoric times in order to let out the devils who had changed formerly normal members of the tribe into shrieking maniacal demons, and the locations of some of these craniectomies make it probable that such operations were not in all instances carried out in traumatic disease. No certain knowledge has, however, come down to us, and the indication for what must have been a formidable surgical procedure may have been the demons of epilepsy or migraine—or the operations may have had quite different reasons. We know, however, that “trepanations” were carried out in the times of Roger of Salerno, and Severinus advised “trephinations” in melancholia and mania.

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  1. Eduard Busch
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E. Busch C. H. Hertz K. Kettel L. Leksell K. Lidén K. Schürmann O. Sjöqvist

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Busch, E. (1957). Psychosurgery. In: Busch, E., et al. Chirurgie der Hirnnerven und Hirnbahnen. Handbuch der Neurochirurgie, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85903-8_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85903-8_3

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