Abstract
Calcium antagonists or calcium entry blockers are considered to be a breakthrough in the drug treatment of cardiovascular disease, while their importance as tools in fundamental research is generally recognized as well. More recently, certain types of calcium antagonists have been studied as potentially useful drugs in the treatment of neurological disorders, such as migraine, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, certain forms of vertigo, epilepsy, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Betz E, Deck K, Hoffmeister F (eds) (1985) Nimodipine. Pharmacological and clinical properties. Proceedings of the 1st International Nimotop-Symposium, Munich 1984. Schattauer, Stuttgart
Boddeke HWGM, Heynis JB, Jonkman FAM, Van Zwieten PA (1986) Characterization of calcium entry blockers in isolated guinea-pig hearts; cardiodepressant activity of flunarizine. Br J Pharmacol 89:615
Bou J, Llenas J, Massingham R (1983) Calcium entry blocking drugs, “calcium antagonists” and vascular smooth muscle function. J Auton Pharmacol 3:219–232
Borgers M. Personal communication
Braunwald E (1982) Mechanism of action of calcium channel blocking agents. N Engl J Med 307:1618–1627
Bussey HF, Talbert RL (1984) Promising uses of calcium channel blocking agents. Pharmacotherapy 4:137–143
Fleckenstein A (1977) Specific pharmacology of calcium in the myocardium cardiac pacemaker and vascular smooth muscle. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 17:149–166
Fleckenstein A (1983) Calcium antagonism in heart and smooth muscle. Experimental facts and therapeutic prospects. Wiley, New York
Gelmers HJ (1984) The effects of nimodipine on the clinical course of patients with acute ischeemic stroke. Acta Neurol Scand 69:232–239
Glossmann H, Ferry DR, Lubbecke F, Mewes R, Hofmann F (1982) Calcium channels: direct identification with radioligand binding studies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 3:431–437
Glossmann H, Goll A, Rombusch M, Ferry DR (1985) Molecular pharmacology of Ca2+-channels: receptor binding studies. In: Betz A, Deck K, Hoffmeister A (eds) Nimodipine; pharmacological and clinical properties. Schattauer, Stuttgart, pp 57–76
Godfraind T, Miller RC, Socrates Lima J (1982) Selective α1 and α2-adrenoceptor agonist-induced contractions and 45Ca-fluxes in the rat isolated aorta. Br J Pharmacol 77:597–604
Godfraind T, Herman A, Wellens H (1984) Calcium entry blockers in cardiovascular and cerebral dysfunctions. Nijhoff, Den Haag
Gray Ellrodt A, Singgh BN (1983) Clinical applications of slow channel blocking compounds. Clin Pharmacol Ther 23:1–43
Hartmann A, Van Zwieten PA (1986) Pharmacological aspects and neurological potential of calcium entry blockers. XIIIth World Congress of Neurology, Hamburg 1985. Eur Neurol 25(Suppl 1):1–126
Jonkman FAM, Boddeke HWGM, Van Zwieten PA (1986) Protective activity of calcium entry blockers against ouabain intoxication in anaesthetized guinea pigs. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 8:1009–1013
Kazda SR (1982) Nimodipine: a new calcium antagonistic drug with a preferential cerebrovascular action. Acta Neurochir 63:259–265
Labrid C, Grosset A, Dureng G, Mironneau J, Duchêne-Marillaz P (1979) Some membrane interactions with bepridil, a new antianginal agent. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 211:546–554
Lederballe Pedersen O, Christensen NJ, Ramsch KD (1980) Comparison of acute effects of nifedipine in normotensive and hypertensive man. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2:357–361
Mannhold R, Rodenkirchen R, Bayer R (1982) Qualitative and quantitative structure-activity relationships of specific Ca-antagonists. Prog Pharmacol 5:25–52
Marshall RJ, Winslow E, Lamar JC, Apoil E (1984) Bepridil. In: Scriabine A (ed) New drugs annuals: cardiovascular drugs, vol 2. Raven, New York, pp 157–176
Van Meel JCA, De Jonge A, Wilffert B, Kalkman HO, Timmermans PBMWM, Van Zwieten PA (1981) Organic and inorganic calcium antagonists reduce vasoconstriction in vivo mediated by postsynaptic α2-adrenoceptors. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 316:288–293
Van Meel JCA, Towart R, Timmermans PBMWM, Van Zwieten PA (1983) Correlation between the inhibitory activities of calcium antagonists on vascular smooth muscle constriction in vitro after depolarisation and in vivo after α2-adrenoceptor stimulation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 322:34–37
Nayler WG, Poole-Wilson P (1981) Calcium antagonists: definition and mode of action. Basic Res Cardiol 76:1–15
Nayler WG (1980) Calcium antagonists. Eur Heart J 1:225–237
Van Nueten JM, Janssen PAJ (1973) Comparative study of the effects of flunarizine and cinnarizine on smooth muscles and cardiac tissues. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 204:37–55
Van Nueten JM, Van Beek J, Janssen PAJ (1978) Effect of flunarizine on calcium-induced responses of peripheral vascular smooth muscle. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 232:42–52
Van Nueten JM, Vanhoutte PM (1982) Calcium entry blockers and vasospasm. In: Vanhoutte PM, Leusen I (eds) Vasodilatation. Raven, New York, pp 459–468
Overweg J, Ashton D, De Beukelaar F, Binnie CD, Wauquier A, Van Wieringen A (1986) Add-on therapy in epilepsy with calcium entry blockers. Eur J Neurol 25:93–101
Paci A, Ottaviono B, Trenta A, Iannone G, Acuto G, Carosi M. Treatment of acute ischemic cerebral infarction with nimodipine (BAY e 9736). Cited in ref. 47
Packer M, Frishman WH (1984) Calcium channel antagonists in cardiovascular disease. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Norwalk (Conn), pp 225–269
Paoletti R, Vanhoutte PM (1987) International symposium on calcium antagonists. Pharmacology and clinical research. New York City
Peters T (1983) “Calcium-Antagonismus”. Ein einheitlicher Begriff für uneinheitliche Wirkmechanismen. Med Klinik 78:368–375
Peters T (1986) Calcium in physiological and pathophysiological cell function. Eur Neurol 25(Suppl l):27–44
Rodenkirchen R, Bayer R, Mannhold R (1982) Specific and nonspecific analysis of cardiodepressive drugs. Prog Pharmacol 5:9–23
Rodenkirchen R, Bayer R, Steiner R, Bossert F, Meyer H, Möller E (1979) Structure-activity studies on nifedipine in isolated cardiac muscle. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 310:69–78
Schwartz A, Triggle DJ (1984) Cellular action of calcium channel blocking drugs. Ann Rev Med 35:325–339
Spedding M (1985) Calcium antagonist subgroups. Trends Pharmacol Sci 6:109–114
Spedding M (1987) Three types of Ca2+-channels explain discrepancies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 8:115–117
Tanaka K, Gotoh F, Muranratsu F et al. (1980) Effects of nimodipine (BAY e 9736) on cerebral circulation in cats. Arzneimittelforschung 26:2172–2176
Triggle DJ, Swamy VC (1983) Calcium antagonists. Some chemical-pharmacologic aspects. Circ Res 52(Suppl I): 17–28
Vanhoutte PM, Bohr DF (1981) Calcium entry blockers and the cardiovascular system. Fed Proc 40:2851
Wauquier A, Edmonds HC, Van den Broek WAE, Melis W, Van Loon J (1985) Effects of flunarizine on recovery of cerebral function following cardiac arrest. Neuropsychobiology 13:147–151
Van Zwieten PA (1985) Calcium antagonists — terminology, classification and comparison. Arzneimittelforschung 35:298–301
Van Zwieten PA (1986) Differentiation of calcium entry blockers into calcium channel blockers and calcium overload blockers. Eur Neurol 25(Suppl 1):57–67
Van Zwieten PA (1985) Drug targets in unstable angina. In: Hugenholtz PG, Goldman BS (eds) Unstable angina, current concepts and management. Schattauer, Stuttgart, pp 151–157
Van Zwieten PA, Timmermans PBMWM (1985) Pharmacological basis of the antihypertensive action of calcium entry blockers. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 7:S11–S17
Van Zwieten PA, Schönbaum E (1983) Calcium antagonists and blood vessels. Prog Pharmacol 5:1–142
Van Zwieten PA, Van Meel JCA, Timmermans PBMWM (1983) Pharmacological basis of the therapeutic effect of calcium entry blockers. Interaction with vascular α-adrenoceptors. Hypertension 5(Suppl II):II–8–II–17
Van Zwieten PA, Timmermans PBMWM, Van Heiningen PNM (1987) Receptor subtypes involved in the action of calcium antagonists. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 5(Suppl 4):S21–S28
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
van Zwieten, P.A. (1989). Pharmacological Activities of Calcium Antagonists: Therapeutic Applications and Adverse Reactions. In: Hartmann, A., Kuschinsky, W. (eds) Cerebral Ischemia and Calcium. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85863-5_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85863-5_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-85865-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85863-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive