Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Symposium B

Therapie der Ösophagusvarizenblutung

  • Conference paper
90. Kongreß

Part of the book series: Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin ((VDGINNERE,volume 90))

  • 30 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Die portale Hypertonie gleich welcher Genese führt zur Ausbildung verschiedenster Gefäßverbindungen zwischen der portalen und der systemischen Zirkulation. Solange der Weg dieser Anastomosen nicht über Ösophagus und Magen führt, verursachen sie nur Enzephalopathie. Liegen die Kollateralgefäße aber in der Submukosa des Ösophagus oder des Magens, dann besteht ein hohes Risiko der Ruptur. Dieses Risiko der Ruptur ist wiederum wesentlich größer bei Ösophagusvarizen als bei Varizen im Magenfundus. Annähernd ein Drittel aller Patienten mit Leberzirrhose erleidet eine oder mehrere Ösophagusvarizenblutungen [1].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Benhamou JP (1983) Variceal bleeding. In: Postgraduate course: Hepatobiliary disease: Current concepts and controversies. The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, Chicago 1983

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lebrec D, De Fleury P, Rueff B, Nahum H, Benhamou JP (1980) Portal hypertension, size of esophageal varices, and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in alcoholic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 79: 1139–1144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Viallet A, Marleau D, Huet M, Martin F, Farley A, Villeneuve JP, Lavoie P (1975) Hemodynamic evaluation of patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension: Relationship between bleeding varices and the portohepatic gradient. Gastroenterology 69: 1297–1300

    Google Scholar 

  4. Reynolds TB, Redeker AG, Geller HM (1957) Wedged hepatic venous pressure. A clinical evaluation. Am J Med 22: 341–350

    Google Scholar 

  5. Krook H (1957) Circulatory studies in liver cirrhosis. Acta Med Scand [Suppl] 318: 55–65

    Google Scholar 

  6. Brunner H, Grabner G, Paumgartner G, Schreiber V (1969) Klinische Aspekte der portalen Hypertension. Untersuchungen mittels Lebervenenkatheterismus an 286 Patienten. Wien Z Inn Med 50: 335–359

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Simert G, Lunderquist A, Tylen U (1978) Correlation between percutaneous transhepatic portography and clinical findings in 56 patients with portal hypertension. Acta Chir Scand 144: 27–34

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Smith–Laing G, Camilo ME, Dick R, Sherlock S (1980) Percutaneous transhepatic portography in the assessment of portal hypertension. Clinical correlations and comparison of radiographic techniques. Gastroenterology 78: 197–205

    Google Scholar 

  9. Burcharth F, Sorensen TIA, Anderson B (1980) Findings in percutaneous transhepatic portography and variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 150: 887–890

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. McCormack TT, Rose JD, Smith PM, Johnson AG (1983) Perforating veins and blood flow in esophageal varices. Lancet 2: 1442–1444

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Palmer ED, Brick IB (1956) Correlation between the severity of esophageal varices in portal cirrhosis and their propensity toward hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 30: 85–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Staritz M, Poralla T, Ewe K, Meyer zum Büschenfelde K–H (1984) Ein neues Verfahren zur direkten Messung des Ösophagusvarizenblutdrukkes. Methodik and erste Untersuchungsergebnisse. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 90 (im Druck)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gertsch P, Loup P, Diserens H, Mosimann F, Mosimann R (1982) Endoscopic noninvasive manometry of esophageal varices: Prognostic significance. Am J Surg 144: 528–530

    Google Scholar 

  14. Baker LA, Smith C, Liebermann G (1959) A natural history of esophageal varices. Am J Med 26: 228–236

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Dagradi AE (1972) The natural history of esophageal varices in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis: An endoscopic and clinical study. Am J Gastroenterol 57: 520–540

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Spech HJ, Wördehoff D (1982) Klassifizierung von Ösophagusvarizen endoskopische and klinische Aspekte. Leber Magen Darm 12: 109–114

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Westaby D, Macdougall BRD, Saunders JB, Williams R (1982) A study of risk factors in patients with cirrhosis and variceal bleeding. In: Westaby D, Macdougall BRD, Williams R (eds) Variceal bleeding. Pitman, London, p 36

    Google Scholar 

  18. Eckhardt VF, Grace ND (1979) Gastroesophageal reflux and bleeding esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 76: 39–42

    Google Scholar 

  19. Orloff MJ, Thomas HS (1963) Pathogenesis of esophageal varix rupture. A study based on gross and microscopic examination of the esophagus at the time of bleeding. Arch Surg 87: 301–307

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ponce J, Froufe A, DeLa Morena E, Mir J, Rayon M, Pina R, Berenguer J (1981) Morphometric study of the esophageal mucosa in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding. Hepatology 1: 641–646

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Spence RAJ, Sloan JM, Johnston GW (1983) Oesophagitis in patients undergoing oesophageal transection for varices a histological study. Br J Surg 70: 332–334

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Macdougall BR, Williams R (1983) A controlled clinical trial of cimetidine in the recurrence of variceal hemorrhage: implications about the pathogenesis of hemorrhage. Hepatology 3: 69–73

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Beppu K, Inokuchi K, Koyanagi N (1981) Prediction of variceal hemorrhage by esophageal endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 27: 213–218

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Paquet KJ (1982) Prophylactic endoscopic sclerosing treatment of the esophageal wall in varices — a prospective controlled randomized trial. Endoscopy 14: 4–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Paquet KJ (1983) Sklerosierung zur Prophylaxe einer Ösophagusvarizenblutung. Internist 24: 81–84

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Spence RAJ, Sloan JM, Johnston GW, Greenfield A (1983) Oesophageal mucosal changes in patients with varices. Gut 24: 1024–1029

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Sauerbruch T, Weinzierl M, Köpcke W, Paumgartner G (1984) Longterm sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. An evaluation of mortality and rebleeding risk factors. Scand J Gastroenterol (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Pugh RNH, Murray–Lyon IM, Dawson JL (1973) Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 60: 646–649

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Alwmark AS et al. (1982) Emergency and long–term transesophageal sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 17: 409–412

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Athanasoulis CA (1980) Therapeutic applications of angiography. N Engl J Med 302: 1117–1125

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Barsoum MS et al. (1982) Tamponade and injection sclerotherapy in the management of bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 69: 76–78

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Bauer JJ et al. (1974) The use of the Sengstaken–Blakemore tube for immediate control of bleeding esophageal varices. Ann Surg 179: 273–277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Baum S et al. (1971) The control of gastrointestinal bleeding by selective mesenteric arterial infusion of vasopressin. Radiology 98: 497–505

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Bengmark S et al. (1979) Obliteration of esophageal varices by PTP. Ann Surg 190: 549–554

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Bennet HD et al. (1952) Complications in the use of esophageal compression balloons (Sengstaken–tube). Arch Intern Med 90: 196–200

    Google Scholar 

  36. Bertrand MML et al. (1969) La sonde de Linton–Nachlas. Arch Fr Mal App Dig 58: 797–816

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Bosch J et al. (1981) Effects of somatostatin on hepatic and systemic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis of the liver: Comparison with vasopressin. Gastroenterology 80: 518–525

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Brunner G et al. (1982) Therapie blutender Ösophagusvarizen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 107: 1791–1995

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Brunswig D et al (1972) Die Behandlung der Osophagusvarizenblutung mit Linton–Nachlas–Sonde. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 97: 502–507

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Brunswig D et al. (1974) Komplikationen bei der Behandlung von Ösophagusvarizenblutungen mit Ballonsonden. Therapiewoche 39: 4261–4267

    Google Scholar 

  41. Burcharth F et al. (1976) Experiences with the Linton–Nachlas and the Sengstaken–Blakemore tubes for bleeding esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 142: 529–531

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Burroughs MK et al. (1982) Randomised, controlled study of transhepatic obliteration of varices and oesophageal stapling transection in acute varical haemorrhages. In: Westaby D, MacDougal BRD, Williams R (eds). Variceal bleeding. Pitman, London, pp 199–206

    Google Scholar 

  43. Byrne WD et al. (1962) Complications associated with the use of esophageal compression ballons. Am J Surg 104: 250–254

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Cello JP et al. (1982) Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus esophageal transection in child’s class C patients with variceal hemorrhage. Comparison with results of portacacal shunt: Preliminary report. Surgery 91: 333–338

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Chojkier M et al. (1979) A controlled comparison of continuous intraarterial and intravenous infusions of vasopressin in hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 77: 540–546

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Chojkier M et al. (1980) Esophageal tamponade in the treatment of bleeding varices. Dig Dis Sci 25: 267–272

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Clanet J et al. (1978) Traitement par la pitressine des hemorragies par rupture de varices oesophagiennes chez cirrhotique. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 41: 539–543

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Conn HO (1958) Hazards attending the use of esophageal tamponade. N Engl J Med 259: 701–707

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Conn HO et al. (1962) Multiple infusions of posterior pituitary extract in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Ann Intern Med 57: 804–809

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Conn HO, Simpson AJ (1967) Excessive mortality with balloon tamponade of bleeding varices. JAMA 202: 135–138

    Google Scholar 

  51. Conn HO et al. (1972) Selective intraarterial vasopressin the treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 63: 634–645

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Conn HO et al. (1975) Intraarterial vasopressin in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A prospective controlled clinical trial. Gastroenterology 68: 211–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Cooperman AM et al. (1976) Transhepatic variceal sclerotherapy. Arch Surg 111: 609

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Crafoord C et al. (1939) New surgical treatment of varicous veins of the oesophagus. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 27: 422–429

    Google Scholar 

  55. Deimer E et al. (1978) Zur transhepatischen Verödung blutender Ösophagusvarizen bei der Leberzirrhose. Fortschr Röntgenstr Nuklearmed 128: 119–124–

    Google Scholar 

  56. Denck H (1977) Die endoskopische Behandlung von Osophagusvarizen. Chirurg 48: 212–218

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Dostal G et al. (1981) Ergebnisse der Sklerosierungstherapie der Osophagusvarizenblutung. Med Welt 32: 106–108

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Doyon D et al. (1975) Embolisation transhepatique des varices oesophagiennes. J Radiol Electrol Med Nucl 56: 917–921

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Ferentzi C (1982) Technik, Indikation und Ergebnisse der prophylaktischen endoskopischen, paravasalen Osophaguswandsklerosierung. Therapiewoche 32: 1921–1923

    Google Scholar 

  60. Fleig WE et al. (1983) Emergency endoscopie sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices: a prospective study in patients not responding to balloon tamponade. Gastrointest Endosc 1: 8–14

    Google Scholar 

  61. Freeman GJ et al. (1982) Controlled trial of terlipressin (glypressin) versus vasopressin in the early treatment of oesophageal varices. Lancet 1: 66–68

    Google Scholar 

  62. Freeny PC et al. (1979) Transhepatic portal venography and selective obliteration of gastrooesophageal varices using Isobutyl 2–Cyanoacrylate (Bucrylate). Dig Dis Sci 24: 321–330

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Funaro AH et al. (1979) Transhepatic obliteration of esophageal varices using the stainless steel coil. Am J Roentgenol 133: 1123–1125

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Gallenkamp H et al. (1981) Aspekte zur Therapie der Osophagusvarizenblutung. Med Welt 32: 393–397

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Getzen LC et al. (1978) Survival following infusion of pitressin into the superior mesenteric artery to control bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. Ann Surg 187: 337–342

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Goldman ML et al. (1976) Transjugular obliteration of the gastric coronary vein. Radiology 118: 453–455

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Goldman ML et al. (1978) Transcatheter vascular occlusion therapy with isobutyl 2–cyanocrylate for control of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiology 129: 41–49

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Goodale RL et al. (1982) Early survival after sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 155: 523–528

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Gow GA et al. (1960) Hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Can Med Assoc J 83: 1032–1036

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Hamilton JE (1955) The management of bleeding esophageal varices associated with cirrhosis of the liver. Ann Surg 141: 637–647

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Henderson JM et al. (1979) Percutaneous transhepatic occlusion for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 66: 569–571

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Hermann RE et al. (1970) Experience with the Sengstaken–Blakemore tube for bleeding esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 130: 870–885

    Google Scholar 

  73. Hild P et al. (1982) Sklerosierungstherapie zur Behandlung der akuten Osophagusvarizenblutung. Notfallmedizin 8. 1414–1418

    Google Scholar 

  74. Hughes RW et al. (1982) Endoscopie variceal sclerosis: a one year experience. Gastrointest Endosc 28: 62–66

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Joelsson B et al. (1981) Acute treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 16: 81–85

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Johanson TS et al. (1973) Re–appraisal of the Sengstaken–Blakemore balloon tamponade for bleeding esophageal varices; results in 91 patients. Scand J Gasteroenterol 8: 181–1983

    Google Scholar 

  77. Johnson WC et al. (1977) Control of bleeding varices by vasopressin. Ann Surg 186: 369–376

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Johnston GW et al. (1964) Management of bleeding oesophageal varices when portal systemic shunts is inadvisable, with particular reference to the use of balloon tamponade and sclerosing injections. Ulster Med J 33: 110–118

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Johnson GW et al. (1973) A review of 15 years experience in the use of sclerotherapy in the control of acute haemorrhage from oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 60: 797–800

    Google Scholar 

  80. Jorge AD (1982) Injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices. Endoscopy 14: 115–118

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Josen AS et al. (1976) Immediate endoscopie diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, its accuracy and value in relation to associate pathology. Surgery 111: 980–986

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Kapelman B et al. (1982) Endoscopie sclerotherapy as definitive treatment of esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 82: 1095–1096

    Google Scholar 

  83. Kapp F et al. (1973) Ösophaguswandsklerosierung als Therapie blutender Ösophagusvarizen bei inoperablen Patienten. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 98: 2465–2469

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Kehne JH et al. (1956) The use of surgical pituitrin in the control of esophageal varix bleeding. Surgery 39: 917–925

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Keller FS et al. (1981) Embolization in the treatment of bleeding gastroesophageal varices. Semin Roentgenol 16: 103–115

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Kempe SG et al. (1954) Injection of sclerosing solutions in the treatment of esophageal varices. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 118: 120–129

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Kjaergaard J et al. (1982) Sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 17: 363–367

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Kronberger OH et al. (1976) Erfahrungen mit der submukösen Sklerosierungstechnik bei Ösophagusvarizen. Leber Magen Darm 6: 38–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Kunstlinger F et al. (1978) The obliteration of gastro–oesophageal varices by veinous route: Discussion of 22 cases. J Belg Radiol 61: 99–107

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Leger L et al. (1973) Hemorragies digestives chez le cirrhotique. J Chir (Paris) 106: 45–46–

    Google Scholar 

  91. Lewis J et al. (1980) Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices. Arch Surg 115: 176–180.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Lewis JW et al. (1981) Injection sclerotherapy for control of acute variceal hemorrhage. Am J Surg 142: 592–595

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Ludington LG et al. (1958) A study of 158 cases of esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 106: 519–526

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Lunderquist A et al. (1977) Follow–up of patients with portal hypertension of esophageal varices treated with percutaneous obliteration of gastric coronary vein. Radiology 122: 59–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Macbeth R (1955) Treatment of esophageal varices in portal hypertension by means of sclerosing injections. Br Med J 2: 877–880

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. MacDougal BRD et al. (1982) Increased long–term survival hemorrhage using injection sclerotherapy. Lancet 1: 124–127

    Google Scholar 

  97. Magnenant P (1959) La sonde de Sengstaken–Blakemore. Rev Int Hepat 9: 541–562

    Google Scholar 

  98. Mallory A et al. (1980) Selective intra–arterial vasopressin infusion for upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Arch Surg 115: 30–32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Marubbio ATH et al. (1973) Control of variceal bleeding by superior mesenteric artery pitressin perfusions complications and indications. Dig Dis 18: 539–543

    Google Scholar 

  100. Mendez G et al. (1980) Gastrointestinal varices: Percutaneous transhepatic therapeutic embolization in 54 patients. Am J Roentgenol 135: 1045–1050

    Google Scholar 

  101. Merigan TC et al. (1960) Gastrointestinal bleeding with cirrhosis. A study of 172 episodes in 158 patients. N Engl J Med 263: 579–585

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Merigan TC et al. (1962) Effect of intravenously administered posterior pituitary extract on hemorrhage from bleeding esophageal varices. A controlled evaluation. N Engl J Med 266: 134–135

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Mitchell K et al. (1980) Prospective comparison of two Sengstaken tubes in the management of patients with variceal haemorrhage. Gut 21: 570–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Moersch JJ (1947) Treatment of esophageal varices by injection of a sclerosing solution. JAMA 135: 754–757

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Murray–Lyon JM et al. (1973) Treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices by infusion of vasopressin into the superior mesenteric artery. Gut 14: 59–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Nachlas MM (1955) A new triple–lumen tube for the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 252: 720–721

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Novis BH et al. (1976) Fiberoptic endoscopy and the use of the Sengstaken–Blakemore tube in acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage in patients with portal hypertension and varices. Gut 17: 258–263

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Nussbaum M et al. (1974) Selective superior mesenteric arterial infusion of vasopressin during portosystemic shunt operations. Am J Surg 127: 35–39

    Google Scholar 

  109. Orloff MJ (1980) Emergency diagnosis and medical management of bleeding esophageal varices. In: Orloff MJ, Stipa S, Ziparo V (eds) Medical and surgical problems of portal hypertension. Academic Press, London New York Toronto Sydney San Francisco, pp 3–14

    Google Scholar 

  110. Palani CK et al. (1981) Endoscopie sclerotherapy in acute variceal hemorrhage. Am J Surg 141: 164–168

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Paquet KJ et al. (1981) Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices. In: Papp JP (ed) Endoscopie control of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. CRC, Boca Raton, pp 44–71

    Google Scholar 

  112. Paquet KH (1982) Prophylactic endoscopie sclerosing treatment of the esophageal wall in varices.–A prospective controlled randomized trial. Endoscopy 14: 4–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Paquet NH, Feussner H (1984) Wandsklerosierung der Speiseröhre oder Sondentamponade bei der akuten Ösophagusblutung. In Zelder O et al. (Hrsg) Experimentelle und klinische Hepatologie. Schattauer, Stuttgart New York, S 57–65

    Google Scholar 

  114. Patterson CO (1946) The injection treatment of esophageal varices. JAMA 130: 384–386

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Pinel J et al. (1976) Sclerose des varices oesophagiennes. Bilan d’une experience de 10 annees. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cerricofac 93: 245–254

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Pitcher JL (1971) Safety and effectiveness of the modified Sengstaken–Blakemore tube: A prospective study. Gastroenterology 61: 291–298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Raschke E et al. (1973) Management of hemorrhage from esophageal varices using the esophagoscopic sclerosing method. Ann Surg 177: 99–102

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Raptis S et al. (1979) Somatostatin not helpful in bleeding esophageal varices. N Engl Med 300: 736–737

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Read AE et al. (1960) Bleeding oesophageal varices treated by oesophageal compression tube. Br Med J 1: 227–231

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Reynolds TB et al. (1952) Results of the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices with balloon tamponage. Am J Med Sci 225: 500–506

    Google Scholar 

  121. Rigberg LA et al. (1977) Continuous low dose peripheral vein pitressin infusion in the control of variceal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol 68: 481–484

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Rösch J et al. (1971) Selective arterial infusions of vasoconstrictors in acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiology 99: 27–36

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Sagar S et al. (1979) Emergency treatment of variceal haemorrhage. Br J Surg 66: 824–826

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Schmidt HD et al. (1980) Ösophaguswandsklerosierung und transhepatische Verödung. Z Gastroenterol 18: 243–251

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Schröder R et al. (1973) Zur Therapie der schweren Osophagusvarizenblutung. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 103: 1081–1086

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Schwartz SI et al. (1959) The use of intravenous pituitrin in treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Surgery 45: 72–80

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Scott W et al. (1981) Endoscopie sclerosis of esophageal varices. Gastrointest Endosc 27: 131–132

    Google Scholar 

  128. Samson PC et al. (1942) Direct injection of esophageal varices through the esophagoscope. West J Surg Obst Gynec 50: 73–77

    Google Scholar 

  129. Shaldon S et al. (1960) The use of Vasopressin (Pitressin) in the control of bleeding from oesophageal varices. Lancet 1: 222–225

    Google Scholar 

  130. Sivak MV et al. (1980) Injection sclerosis of esophageal varices using a fiberoptic endoscope. Gastrointest Endosc 27: 52–57

    Google Scholar 

  131. Smith—Laing G et al. (1981) Role of percutaneous transhepatic obliteration of varices in the management of hemorrhage from gastroesophageal varices. Gastroenterology 80: 1031–1036

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Soehendra N (1981) Fiberendoskopische Osophagusvarizenverödung. Begleittext zu einem Film, Hamburg 1981

    Google Scholar 

  133. Soehendra K et al. (1983) Sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices by means of fiberendoscopy. Clin Hepatol 29: 281–290

    Google Scholar 

  134. Spech HJ et al. (1982) Gastrointestinale Blutung: Osophagusvarizen. In: Siewert JR, Blum AL, Farthmann EH, Lankisch PG (Hrsg) Notfalltherapie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S 120–133

    Google Scholar 

  135. Stray N et al. (1982) Injection sclerotherapy of bleeding oesophageal and gastric varices using a flexible endoscope. Acta Med Scand 211: 125–129

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Takase Y et al. (1982) Injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices for patients undergoing emergency and elective surgery. Surgery 92: 474–479

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Terblanche J et al. (1981) A Five–year prospective evaluation of tamponade and sclerotherapy. Ann Surg 194: 521–530

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Terblanche J et al. (1983) Failure of repeated injection sclerotherapy to improve long term survival after oesophageal variceal bleeding. Lancet 2: 1328–1332

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Teres J et al. (1978) Esophageal tamponade for bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 75: 566–569

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Thau A et al. (1980) Control of gastrooesophageal bleeding varices by percutaneous transhepatic portography. In: Orloff MJ, Stipa S, Ziparo V (eds) Medical and surgical problems of portal hypertension. Academic Press, London New York Toronto Sydney San Francisco, pp 33–47

    Google Scholar 

  141. Thau A, Stölzing H (1984) Ergebnisse der Sklerosierungsbehandlung. In: Zelden O et al. (Hrsg) Experimentelle und klinische Hepatologie. Schattauer, Stuttgart New York, S 17–32

    Google Scholar 

  142. Thulin L et al. (1979) Treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices with somatostatin. Acta Chir Scand 145: 395–398

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Tsakiris A et al. (1964) Reduction of portal venous pressure in cirrhotic patients with bleeding from oesophageal varices, by administration of a vasopressin derivative, phenylalanine–lysine–vasopressin. Am J Med 36: 825–839

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Tyden G et al. (1978) Treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices with somatostatin. N Engl J Med 299: 1466–1467

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Tyden G et al. (1979) N Engl J Med 301: 46

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Varela PM et al. (1973) Utilidad de la sonda–balon de Sengstaken–Blakemore. Estudio prospectivo. Rev Exp Enferm Apar Dig 39: 283–298

    Google Scholar 

  147. Viamonte M et al. (1977) Transhepatic obliteration of gastrooesophageal varices: Results in acute and nonacute bleeders. Am J Roentgenol 129: 237–241

    Google Scholar 

  148. Villanueva A, Magnenant P (1964) Resultats du traitement des hemorragies oesophagogastriques sur varices par la sonde de Sengstaken–Blakemore. Gastroenterologia (Basel) 102: 242–246

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Welch CS et al. (1956) Treatment of bleeding from portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. N Engl Med 254: 493–496

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Wells RF (1973) Management of bleeding esophageal varices in the elderly. Geriatrics: 90–93

    Google Scholar 

  151. Westaby D et al. (1983) A prospective randomized study of two sclerotherapy techniques for esophageal varices. Hepatology 3: 681–684

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Widrich CH et al. (1980) Transhepatic variceal occlusion. In: Orloff MJ, Stipa S, Ziparo V (eds) Medical and surgical problems of portal hypertension. Academic Press, London New York Toronto Sydney San Francisco, pp 49–55

    Google Scholar 

  153. Wodak E (1979) Akute gastrointestinale Blutung: Resultate der endoskopischen Sklerosierung von Osophagusvarizen. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 109: 591–594

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Wördehoff D et al. (1982) Konservative Therapie und Wandsklerosierung bei der Osophagusvarizenblutung. Z Gastroenterol 20: 139–144

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Ayres SJ, Goff JS, Warren GH (1983) Endoskopic sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices: effects and complications. Ann Intern Med 98: 900–903

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Barsoum MS, Bolous FI, El–Rooby AA, Rizk–Allah MA, Ibrahim AS (1982) Tamponade and injection sclerotherapy in the management of bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 69: 76–78

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Burchell AR, Moreno AH, Panke WF, Nealon TF (1974) Hemodynamic variables and prognosis following portacval shunts. Surg Gynecol Obstet 138: 359–369

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Denck H (1978) Indikation, Technik und Ergebnisse der endoskopischen Behandlung von Ösophagusvarizen. Zentralbl Chir 103: 213–220

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Evans DM, Jones DB, Cleary BK, Smith PM (1982) Oesophageal varices treated by sclerotherapy: a histopathological study. Gut 23: 615–620

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Galambos JT (1983) Endoscopic sclerotherapy. Ann Intern Med 98: 1009–1011

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Hamm B, Altenähr E (1982) Morphologische Befunde am distalen Ösophagus nach Sklerosierung blutender Varizen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 107: 293–298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Hansen HH (1979) Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Wirkung sklerosierender Lösung bei der paravasalen Verödungsbehandlung. Langenbecks Arch Chir 348: 201–209

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Helpap B, Bollweg L (1981) Morphological changes in the terminal oesophagus with varices, following sclerosis if the wall. Endoscopy 13: 229–233

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Jackson FC, Perrin EB, Felix WR, Smith AG (1971) A clinical investigation of protacaval shunt. V. Survival analysis of the therapeutic operation. Ann Surg 174: 672–701

    Google Scholar 

  165. Johnston GW, Rodgers HW (1973) A review of 15 years’ experience in the use of sclerotherapy in the control of acute haemorrhage from oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 60: 797–800

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Macdougall BR, Westaby D, Theodossi A, Dawson JL, Williams R (1982) Increased long–term survival in variceal haemorrhage using injection sclerotherapy. Lancet 1: 124–127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Mitchell KJ, Macdougall BR, Silk DBA, Williams R (1982) A prospective reappraisal of emergency endoscopy in patients with portal hypertension. Scand J Gastroenterol 17: 965–968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Paquet KJ, Oberhammer E (1978) Sclerotherapy of bleeding oesophageal varices by means of endoscopy. Endoscopy 10: 7–12

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Pugh RNH, Murray–Lyon JM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R (1973) Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 60: 645–649

    Google Scholar 

  170. Resnick RH, Iber FL, Ishihara AM, Chalmers TC, Zimmermann H, Boston Inter–Hospital Liver Group (1974) A controlled study of the therapeutic portacaval shunt. Gastroenterology 67: 843–857

    Google Scholar 

  171. Reynolds TB, Donovan AJ, Mikkelsen WP, Redeker AG, Turrill FL, Weiner JM (1981) Results of a 12–year randomized trial of portacaval shunt in patients with alcoholic liver disease and bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 80: 1031–1036

    Google Scholar 

  172. Reilly JR, Schade RR, Van Thiel DS (1984) Esophageal function after injection sclerotherapy: pathogenesis of esophageal structure. Am J Surg 147: 85–88

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  173. Rose JDR, Crane MD, Smith PM (1983) Factors affecting successful endoscopie sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices. Gut 24: 946–949

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Rueff BD, Prandi D, Degos F, Sicot J, Degos JD, Sicot C, Maillard JN, Fauvert R, Benhamou JP (1976) A controlled study of therapeutic portacaval shunt in alcoholic cirrhosis. Lancet 1: 655–659

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Sauerbruch T, Wirsching R, Leisner B, Weinzierl M, Pfahler M, Paumgartner G (1982) Esophageal function after sclerotherapy of bleeding varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 17: 745–751

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Sauerbruch T, Weinzierl M, Köpcke W, Pfahler M, Paumgartner G (1984) Langzeit—Sklerosierungstherapie blutender Ösophagusvarizen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 109: 709–712

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Sauerbruch T, Weinzierl M, Köpcke W, Paumgartner G (1984) Long—term sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  178. Soehendra N, De Heer K, Kempeneers J, Frommelt L (1983) Morphological alterations ofthe esophagus after endoscopie sclerotherapy of varices. Endoscopy 15: 291–296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Soehendra N, De Heer K, Kempeneers J, Runge M (1983) Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices: acute arrest of gastrointestinal hemorrhage or long–term therapy. Endoscopy 15: 136–140

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Terblanche J, Kahn D, Campbell JA, Bornman PC, Jonker MA, Wright J, Kirsch R (1983) Failure of repeated injection sclerotherapy to improve long–term survival after oesophageal variceal bleeding. Lancet 2: 1328–1332

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Westaby D, Melia WM, Macdougall BR, Hegarty JE, Williams R (1984) Injection sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices: a prospective randomised trial of different treatment schedules. Gut 25: 129–132

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Yassin YM, Sherif SM (1983) Randomized controlled trial of injection sclerotherapy for bleeding oesophageal varices — an interim report. Br J Surg 70: 20–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Arthur MPJ, Tanner AR, Patel C, George CF, Wright R (1982) Portal hypertension, propranolol, and hepatic encephalopathy. Lancet 2: 879–880

    Google Scholar 

  184. Bataille C, Bercoff E, Pariente EA, Valla D, Lebrec D (1984) Effects of propranolol on renal blood flow and renal function in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 86: 129–133

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Bützow GH, Remmecke J, Roose HJ (1982) Cardioselektive oder nichtselektive ß–Blockade bei portaler Hypertension? Eine prospektive Vegleichsstudie mit Metoprolol and Propranolol. Z Gastroenterol 20: 519

    Google Scholar 

  186. Bützow GH, Remmecke J, Bräuer A (1982) Metoprolol in portal hypertension. A controlled study. Klin Wochenschr 60: 1311–1314

    Google Scholar 

  187. Burroughs AK, Jenkins WJ, Sherlock S, Dunk A, Walt RP, Osuafor TOK, Mackie S, Dick R (1983) Controlled trial of propranolol for prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 309: 1539–1542

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Hillon P, Lebrec D, Munoz C, Jungers M, Goldfarb G, Benhamou JP (1982) Comparison of the effects of a cardioselective and a nonselective ß–blocker on portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2: 528–531

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Lebrec D, Nouel O, Bernuau J, Boygues M, Rueff B, Benhamou JP (1981) Propranolol in prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. Lancet 1: 920–921

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Lebrec D, Nouel O, Corbic M, Benhamou JP (1980) Propranolol–a medical treatment for portal hypertension? Lancet 2: 180–182

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Lebrec D, Poynard T, Hillon P, Benhamou JP (1981) Propranolol for prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. A controlled study. N Engl J Med 305: 1371–1374

    Google Scholar 

  192. Menghini G, (1983) Letter. Hepatology 3: 466

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Mills PR, Rae AP, Farah DA, Russel RI, Lorimer AR, Carter DC (1984) Comparison of three adrenoreceptor blocking agents in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Gut 25: 73–78

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Reding P (1982) Risk of hepatic encephalopathy in patients taking propranolol for portal hypertension. Lancet 2: 550

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Sögaard PE (1981) Propranolol in portal hypertension. Lancet 1: 1204

    Google Scholar 

  196. Tarver D, Walt RP, Dunk AA, Jenkins WJ, Sherlock S (1983) Precipitation of hepatic encephalopathy by propranolol in cirrhosis. Br Med J 287: 585

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Van Buuren HR, Van der Velden PC, Koorevar G, Silberbusch J (1982) Propranolol increases arterial ammonia in liver cirrhosis. Lancet 2: 951–952

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Westaby D, Bihari DJ, Gimson AES, Crossley IR, Williams R (1984) Selective and non–selective beta receptor blockade in the reduction of portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Gut 25: 121–124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Westaby D, Macdougall BRD, Melia WM, Williams R (1983) Comparison of oral metoprolol and injection sclerotherapy for long–term management of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Gut 24: A459–505, F28.

    Google Scholar 

  200. Wilkinson SP (1980) Propranolol and portal hypertension in cirrhosis. Lancet 2: 429

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Barsoum MS et al. (1982) The complications of injection sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices. Br J Surg 69: 79–81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Belghitti J, Grenier P, Noul O, Nahum H, Fekete F (1981) Long term loss of Warren’s shunt selectivity. Arch Surg 116: 1121–1124

    Google Scholar 

  203. Burchell AR, Moreno AH, Panke WF, Nealon TF (1976) Hepatic artery flow improvement after portacaval shunt. A single hemodynamic clinical correlates. Ann Surg 184: 289–302

    Google Scholar 

  204. Burroughs AK, Bass NM, Osborne D, Dick R, Hobbs KF, Sherlock S (1983) Randomised, controlled study of transhepatic obliteration of varices and oesophageal stapling transection in uncontrolled variceal hemorrhage. Liver 3: 122–128

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Busuttil RW, Brin Barbara, Tompkins RKT (1979) Matched controlled study of distal splenorenal and portocaval shunts in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Am J Surg 138: 62–67

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Dennis MA, Monson RC, O’Leary JP (1978) Interposition mesocaval shunt: A less than ideal procedure. Am Surg Nov: 734–738

    Google Scholar 

  207. Galambos JT, Millikan WJ, Henderson JM, Smith RB, Warren WD (1983) Ten years of shunt surgery: The current status of the selective distal splenorenal shunt. In: Variceal bleeding. London

    Google Scholar 

  208. Greiner L, Schubert E, Franken FH (1983) Koinzidenz von chronischer Pankreatitis and Leberzirrhose bei Alkoholabusus. Eine röntgen–and histomorphologische Studie. Z Gastroenterol 21: 526–532

    Google Scholar 

  209. Henderson JM, Millikan WJ, Wright–Bacon Lisa, Kutner MH, Warren WD (1983) Hemodynamic differences between alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhotics following distal splenorenal shunt — Effect on survival? Ann Surg 198: 325–334

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Hirner A, Häring R, Vosberg W(1984) Abgrenzung der semiinvasiven (endoskopischen) zu den chirurgischen (Notshunt) Maßnahmen. In: Die Ösophagusvarizenblutung, TM—Verlag, Bad Oeynhausen

    Google Scholar 

  211. Hoffmann J (1983) Stapler transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 18: 707–711

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Hottenroth C, Böttcher W, Maul FD, Wildgrube PH, Förster HD, Encke A (1983) Diagnostische transumbilicale Shunt–Simulation als Indikationshilfe zum portosystemischen Shunt. Chirurg 54: 149–156

    Google Scholar 

  213. Kieninger G (1980) Der Warren–Shunt — eine neue Perspektive in der Chirurgie des Pfortaderhochdrucks. Med Welt 31: Heft 12

    Google Scholar 

  214. Maillard J–N, Flamant YM, Hay JM, Chandler JG (1979) Selectivity of the distal splenorenal shunt. Surgery 86: 663–671

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Maillard J–N (1983) The French experience with shunt procedures. In: Variceal bleeding. London

    Google Scholar 

  216. Manegold BC, Weber JC (1982) Paravaricöse Sklerosierungstherapie. In: Notfalltherapie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  217. Mir J, Ponce J, Morena E, Juan M, Garrigues V, Pina R, Berenguer J (1982) Esophageal transsection and paraesophagogastric devascularization performed as an emergency measure for uncontrolled variceal bleeding. Surg Gynecol Obstet 155: 868–872

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Mühe E (1981) Up–dated surgical strategies in portal hypertension. Acta Hepatogastroenterol 28: 125–127

    Google Scholar 

  219. Orloff MJ, Bell RH, Hyde PV, Scivolocki WP (1980) Long–term results of emergency portacaval shunt for bleeding esophageal varices in unselected patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Ann Surg 192: 325–340

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Palani CK, Abuabara S, Kraft AR, Jonasson Olga (1981) Endoscopic sclerotherapy in acute variceal hemorrhage. Am J Surg 141: 164–168

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  221. Paquet KF, Kalk HF, Feussner H (1983) Endoskopisch–chirurgische Therapie der Oesophagusvarizen. Therapiewoche 33: 1776–1788

    Google Scholar 

  222. Reilly JJ, Schade RR, Roh MS, van Thiel DH (1982) Esophageal varices sclerosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 155: 497–502

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  223. Resnick RH, Iber FL, Ishihara AM, Chalmers TC, Hyman Zimmermann (BILG) (1974) A controlled study of the therapeutic portacaval shunt. Gastroenterology 67: 843–857

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  224. Reynolds TB, Donovan AJ, Mikkelsen WP, Redeker AG, Turrill FL, Weiner JM (1981) Results of a 12–year randomized trial of portacaval shunt in patients with alcoholic liver disease and bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 80: 1005–1011

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Rikkers L, Rudman D, Galambos JT, Fulenwider JT, Millikan WJ, Kutner, M, Smith RB, Salamn AA, Jones PJ, Warren WD (1978) A randomized controlled trial of the distal splenorenal shunt. Ann Surg 188: 271–282

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Siewert JR, Becker HD (1979) Transmurale Varizenumstechung und Fundoplicatio als Notoperation der akuten Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Chirurg 50: 82–86

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Sugiura M, Futagawa S (1977) Further evaluation of the sugiura procedure in the treatment of esophageal varices. Arch Surg 112: 1317–1321

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Talman AE, Johns TNP, Regan WW (1983) A 25–year experience with total portosystemic shunts and reappraisal of colon exclusion. Ann Surg 197: 566–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Teschke R (1983) Hohe Inzidenzrate von chronischer Pankreatitis und Leberzirrhose bei chronischem Alkoholabusus? Z Gastroenterol 21: 533–535

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Thompson BW, Casali RE, Read RC, Campbell GS (1978) Results of interposition “H” grafts for portal hypertension. Ann Surg 187: 515–522

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  231. Warren WD (1983) Control of variceal bleeding. Reassessment of rationale. Am J Surg 145: 8–16

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  232. Wexler MJ (1980) Treatment of bleeding esophageal rices by transabdominal esophageal transection with the EEA stapling instrument. Surgery 88: 406–416

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik II, Klinikum Großhadern, Universität München, Deutschland

    G. Paumgartner

  2. Med. Univ.-Klinik, Tübingen, Deutschland

    E.-H. Egberts

  3. Klinikum Großhadern, Universität München, Deutschland

    T. Sauerbruch

  4. Medizinische Kernklinik und Poliklinik UKE, Hamburg, Deutschland

    G. H. Bützow

  5. Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Technischen Universität, München, Deutschland

    J. R. Siewert & H. Feussner

Authors
  1. G. Paumgartner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E.-H. Egberts
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Sauerbruch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. H. Bützow
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. J. R. Siewert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. H. Feussner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Paumgartner, G., Egberts, EH., Sauerbruch, T., Bützow, G.H., Siewert, J.R., Feussner, H. (1984). Symposium B. In: 90. Kongreß. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin, vol 90. J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, Munich. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85457-6_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85457-6_11

  • Publisher Name: J.F. Bergmann-Verlag, Munich

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-8070-0342-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85457-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation