Skip to main content

Prospektive klinische Studie zur Sicherheit von Anthranoidlaxanzien

  • Conference paper
Book cover Phytopharmaka II

Zusammenfassung

Zur Behandlung akuter funktioneller Obstipation wie auch zur Behandlung der chronischen Obstipation kommen Laxanzien unterschiedlicher pharmakologischer Gruppen zum Einsatz. Neben osmotisch wirksamen Laxanzien wie salinischen Lösungen, Zucker oder Zuckeralkoholen sind Anthranoide (z.B. Senna, Aloe), Diphenylmethanderivate, Gallen- und Fettsäuren sowie synthetische Prokinetika weit verbreitet [27]. Als unerwünschte Wirkungen auch bei bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch wurden abdominelle Beschwerden, Veränderungen der Serumelektrolyte und Pigmentablagerungen im Kolon (Pseudomelanosis coli) beschrieben. Invitro-Experimente hatten für einzelne Anthrachinone mutagene Effekt gezeigt [42]. Für Danthron, einem synthetischen Anthranoidlaxans, fanden sich tierexperimentell Hinweise für eine Induktion von Dickdarmtumoren [25]. In einer weiteren tierexperimentellen Untersuchung über die Langzeitanwendung eines gereinigten Sennaextraktes konnte bei Ratten jedoch keine Assoziation mit gastrointestinalen Tumoren gefunden werden [22]. Bis auf einen Fallbericht [34] und eine Kohortenstudie [37] zeigten klinisch-epidemiologische Studien keinen Zusammenhang zwischen Pseudomelanosis coli bzw. Einnahme von Anthranoidlaxanzien und dem Auftreten von kolorektalen Tumoren [12, 20, 21, 30].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Atkin WS, Morson BC, Cuzick J (1992) Long-term risk of colorectal cancer after excision of rectosigmoid adenomas. N Engl J Med 326: 658–662

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Badiali D, Marcheggiano A, Pallone F, Paoluzi P, Bausano G, Iannoni C, Materia E, Anzini F, Corazziari E (1985) Melanosis of the rectum in patients with chronic constipation. Dis Colon Rectum 28: 241–245

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bertram PD (1993) Melanosis coli: a consequence of “alternative therapy” for psoriasis. Am J Gastroenterol 88: 971

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Birt DF (1990) The influence of dietary fat on carcinogenesis: lessons from experimental models. Nutr Rev 48: 1–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bockus HL, Williard JH, Bank J (1993) Melanosis coli. The etiologic significance of the anthracene laxatives. A report of forty-one cases. JAMA 101: 1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Boeing H, Wahrendorf J (1991) Epidemiologie kolorektaler Karzinome. Internist 32: 306–314

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Boutron M-C, Faivre J, Quipourt V, Senesse P, Michiels C (1995) Family history of colorectal tumours and implications for the adenoma-carcinoma sequence: a case control study. Gut 37: 830–834

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Dent OF, Goulston KJ, Zubrzycki J, Chapuis PH (1986) Bowel symptoms in an apparently well population. Dis Colon Rectum 29: 243–247

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Devesa SS, Chow WH (1993) Variation in colorectal cancer incidence in the United States by subsite of origin. Cancer 71: 3819–3826

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Eide TJ (1986) The age-, sex-, and site-specific occurrence of adenomas and carcinomas of the large intestine within a defined population. Scand J Gastroenterol 21: 1083–1088

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Everhart JE, Go VLW, Johannes S, Fitzsimmons SC, Roth HP, White LR (1989) A longitudinal survey of self-reported bowel habits in the united states. Dig Dis Sci 34: 1153–1162

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Gardiner JS, Walker SA, Maclean AJ (1982) A retrospective mortality study of substituted anthraquinone on dye stuffs workers. Br J Indust Med 39: 355–360

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Göbel D (1978) Melanosis coli. Med Klin 73: 519–523

    Google Scholar 

  14. Hermanek P (1992) Dysplasie-Karzinom-Sequenz im Kolorektum. Zent bl Chir 117: 476–482

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hermanek P, Friihmorgen P, Guggenmoos-Holzmann I, Altendorf A, Matek W (1983) The malignant potential of colorectal polyps–A new statistical approach. Endoscopy 15: 16–20

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Jass JR (1989) Do all colorectal carcinomas arise in preexisting adenomas? World J Surg 13: 45–51

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Jass JR, Sobin LH (1989) Histological typing of intestinal tumours. WHO international classification of tumours, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  18. Koretz RL (1993) Malignant polyps: Are they sheep in wolves’ Clothing? Ann Int Med 118: 63–68

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Koskela E, Kulju T, Collan Y (1989) Melanosis coli. Prevalence, distribution, and histologic features in 200 consecutive autopsies at Kuopio University Central Hospital. Dis Colon Rectum 32: 235–239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kune GA (1993) Laxative use not a risk for colorectal cancer: data from the melbourne colorectal cancer study. Z Gastroenterol 31: 140–143

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kune GA, Kune S, Field B, Watson LF (1988) The role of chronic constipation, diarrhea, and laxative use in the etiology of large-bowel cancer. Data from the Melbourne Colorectal Cancer Study. Dis Colon Rectum 31: 507–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Lyden-Sokolowski A, Nilsson A, Sjöberg P (1993) Two-year carcinogenicity study with sennosides in the rat: emphasis on gastro-intestinal alterations. Pharmacology 47 (suppl 1): 209–215

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Matek W, Hermanek P, Demling L (1986) Is the adenoma-carcinoma sequence contradicted by the differing location of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas? Endoscopy 18: 17–19

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Morgenstern L, Shemen L, Allen W, Amodeo P, Michel SI (1983) Melanosis coli. Changes in appearance when associated with colonic neoplasia. Arch Surg 118: 62–64

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mori H, Sugie S, Niwa K, Takahashi M, Kawai K (1985) Induction of intestinal tumours in rats by chrysazin. Br J Cancer 52: 781–783

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Muto T, Bussey HJR, Morson BC (1975) The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 36: 2251–2270

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Müller-Lissner S (1992) Nebenwirkungen von Laxantien. Z Gastroenterol 30: 418–427

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Neugut AI, Jacobson JS, Urbanski SJ (1993) Which colonic adenomas became malignant? Ann Int Med 119: 250–252

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Nusko G, Schneider B, Kusche J, Schäfer M, Klenke R, Wittekind C, Hahn EG (1996) Melanosis coli — association with the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence? (In Vorbereitung)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Nusko G, Schneider B, Müller G, Kusche J, Hahn EG (1993) Retrospective study on laxative use and melanosis coli as risk factors for colorectal neoplasma. Pharmacology 47 S I: 234–241

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Nusko G, Schneider B, Wittekind C, Hahn EG (1996) Melanosis coli and the risk of colorectal neoplasms. Gastroenterology (abstract) 110: A 570

    Google Scholar 

  32. O’Brien MJ, Winawer SJ, Zauber AG, Gottlieb LS, Sternberg SS, Diaz B, Dickersin GR, Ewing S, Geller S, Kasimian D, Komorowski R, Szporn A (1990) The national polyp study. Patient and polyp characteristics associated with high-grade dysplasia in colorectal adenomas. Gastroenterology 98: 371–379

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Parkin DM, Läärä E, Muir CS (1988) Estimation of worldwide frequency of sixteen major cancers in 1980. In J Cancer 41: 184–197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Patel PM, Selby PJ, Deacon J, Chilvers C, McElwain TJ (1989) Anthraquinone laxatives and human cancer: An association in one case. Postgrad Med J 65: 216–217

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Rex DK, Lehman GA, Ulbright TM, Smith J.I, Pound DC, Hawes RH, Helper DJ, Wiersema MJ, Langefeld CD, Li W (1993) Colonic neoplasia in asymptomatic persons with negative fecal occult blood test: Influence of age, gender, and family history. Am J Gastroenterol 88: 825–831

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Shemesh E, Bat L, Niv Y, Newmann G (1983) Melanosis coli within an adenomatour polyp. Gastrointest Endosc 29: 327–329

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Siegers C-P, Hertzberg-Lottin Evon, Otte M, Schneider B (1993) Anthranoid laxative abuse — a risk for colorectal cancer? Gut 34: 1099–1101

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Sonnenberg A, Müller AD (1993) Costipation and cathartics as risk factors of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Pharmacology 47 (suppl 1): 224–233

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Speare GS (1951) Melanosis coli. Experimental observations on its production and elimination in twenty-three cases. Am J Surg 82: 631–637

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Thierney RP, Ballantyne GH, Modlin IM (1990) The adenoma to carcinoma sequence. Surg Gyn Obstetr 171: 81–94

    Google Scholar 

  41. Thun MJ, Calle EE, Namoodiri MM, Flanders WD, Coates RJ, Byers T, Boffta P, Garfinkel L, Heath CW (1992) Risk factors for fatal colon cancer in a large prospective study. J Nat Cancer Inst 84: 1491–1500

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Westendorf J, Marquardt H, Poginsky B, Dominiak M, Schmidt J (1990) Genotoxicity of naturally occurring hydroxyanthraquinones. Mutation Res 240: 1–12

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Wittoesch JH, Jackman RJ, McDonald JR (1958) Melanosis coli: general review and study of 887 cases. Dis Colon Rectum 1: 172–180

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag, GmbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt

About this paper

Cite this paper

Nusko, G., Schneider, B., Schneider, I., Wittekind, C., Hahn, E.G. (1996). Prospektive klinische Studie zur Sicherheit von Anthranoidlaxanzien. In: Loew, D., Rietbrock, N. (eds) Phytopharmaka II. Steinkopff. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85436-1_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85436-1_16

  • Publisher Name: Steinkopff

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-85437-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85436-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics