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Gestörte Sekretions- und Resorptionsmechanismen bei Diarrhö

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Ökosystem Darm VI

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Zusammenfassung

Die Definition der Diarrhö umfaßt die häufige Stuhlentleerung (über 3 pro Tag), eine Verminderung der Konsistenz (Stuhlwassergehalt größer als 85%) und/oder eine Zunahme der Stuhlmenge (auf über 200 g pro Tag). Etwa 9 1 Flüssigkeit gelangen durch orale Aufnahme und Sekretionsvorgänge täglich in den Intestinaltrakt. 90% der Flüssigkeit werden im Dünndarm, 8% im Kolon reabsorbiert, so daß der tägliche Stuhl nur noch 100–200 ml Wasser enthält. Der Wassertransport durch die Epithelschicht erfolgt passiv entsprechend dem osmotischen Gradienten, der vom luminalen Gehalt osmotisch wirksamer Substanzen abhängt. Die Zunahme osmotisch wirksamer Moleküle im Darmlumen kann durch eine verminderte Resorption (osmotische Diarrhö), durch eine gesteigerte Elektrolytsekretion in das Darmlumen (sekretorische Diarrhö) oder durch Ingestion osmotisch wirksamer, aber nicht resorbierbarer Substanzen bedingt sein. Ein weiterer Pathomechanismus der Diarrhö, der Resorptions-und Sekretionsvorgänge nur indirekt beeinflußt, stellt die Störung der intestinalen Motilität dar. Krankheiten können eine Diarrhö über einen oder mehrere Pathomechanismen verursachen.

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Authors
  1. S. Zeuzem
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  2. J. Stein
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  3. W. F. Caspary
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik II, Zentrum der Inneren Medizin, Klinikum der Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt a. M., Deutschland

    Wolfgang F. Caspary

  2. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, 79104, Freiburg, Deutschland

    Manfred Kist

  3. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Innere Medizin II, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland

    Martin Zeitz

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© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Zeuzem, S., Stein, J., Caspary, W.F. (1994). Gestörte Sekretions- und Resorptionsmechanismen bei Diarrhö. In: Caspary, W.F., Kist, M., Zeitz, M. (eds) Ökosystem Darm VI. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85187-2_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85187-2_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58548-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85187-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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