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Pathogenicity of Human Herpesvirus-6

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Pathogenicity of Human Herpesviruses due to Specific Pathogenicity Genes

Part of the book series: Frontiers of Virology ((FRVIROLOGY,volume 3))

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Summary

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a recently discovered lymphotropic virus. Serologic evidence indicates a high incidence of HHV-6 antibody in almost all areas of the world, and most children are infected by 2 years of age. HHV-6 can productively infect CD4+ lymphocytes, but CD4 does not appear to be used by the virus as its primary receptor. The virus can also infect monocytes, macro-phages, epithelial cells, and cells of other lineages. Virus transmission probably occurs horizontally, as the virus is secreted in the saliva of healthy individuals, and is unlikely to be transmitted through the placenta. HHV-6 has been identified as the etiologic agent of exanthem subitum. It can cause interstitial pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant patients, in whom it is associated with suppression of bone marrow function. HHV-6 can also cause infectious mononucleosis, lymphadenitis, liver dysfunction, and is associated with various lymphoprolifera-tive disorders and the chronic fatigue syndrome. It has been proposed that the virus plays a role in the pathogenesis of AIDS. HHV-6 is suggested to be an oncogenic virus because of its lymphoproliferative linkage and because HHV-6 DNA can transform murine fibroblast and human epidermal keratinocyte cell lines. These transformed cells are tumorigenic in nude mice. Primary HHV-6 infection may establish latent infection in monocytes or macrophages, and the virus can be reactivated from a latent state in immunocompromised patients and in individuals with various malignant and nonmalignant diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Viral Products, CBER, FDA, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Abdur Razzaque

  2. Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Koichi Yamanishi

  3. Department of Pathology and the Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Donald R. Carrigan

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  1. Abdur Razzaque
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  2. Koichi Yamanishi
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  3. Donald R. Carrigan
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Virology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12272, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel

    Yechiel Becker

  2. Institut für Medizinische Virologie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Gholamreza Darai

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© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Razzaque, A., Yamanishi, K., Carrigan, D.R. (1994). Pathogenicity of Human Herpesvirus-6. In: Becker, Y., Darai, G. (eds) Pathogenicity of Human Herpesviruses due to Specific Pathogenicity Genes. Frontiers of Virology, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85004-2_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85004-2_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-85006-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-85004-2

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