Abstract
If metallic regions are separated by tunnel junctions with resistance above the quantum resistance, and if capacitances are small, the charging energy associated with the transfer of one single electron has a strong influence on transport properties. The resultant Coulomb gap is dependent on the environmental properties. In the normal state tunneling is a stochastic process. Circuits can be realized in which the Coulomb blockade is modified by an external gate voltage. In the superconducting state the phase of the order parameter and the charge are conjugate variables; for large charging energy the phase fluctuations are strong. In two-dimensional junction arrays with small capacitances a charge inbinding transition takes place, both in the normal and in the superconducting state.
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Mooij, J.E. (1992). Single Charges in Networks of Small Capacitance Tunnel Junctions. In: Fukuyama, H., Ando, T. (eds) Transport Phenomena in Mesoscopic Systems. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, vol 109. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84818-6_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84818-6_7
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