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Ventilatory Failure pp 62–74Cite as

Role of Extradiaphragmatic Musculature in Breathing

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Part of the book series: Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((UICM,volume 15))

Abstract

There is conclusive evidence now that quiet breathing and breathing under all possible circumstances require a coordinated contraction of different respiratory muscles to be accomplished [1–3]. The muscles regularly being activated during respiratory acts include: diaphragm, parasternal intercostals, scalenes, triangularis sterni, transversus abdominis, sternocleidomastoids, external intercostals and levatores costae. Although many studies on electromyogram (EMG) activity of these muscles are present, only scanty data are available on the mechanical outcome of contraction of individual respiratory muscles. Such data, however, are absolutely required to fully understand the act of breathing. This comprehension is of potential interest to patients with pulmonary disease or patients admitted to intensive care units. Indeed, pulmonary diseases were shown to be associated with important changes in respiratory muscle interaction [4, 5] which may affect both symptomatology and pathophysiology of these diseases. Moreover, therapeutic strategies aimed at altering respiratory muscle interaction may be tried, and may be successful in the treatment of the latter diseases. The purpose of the present review is to discuss respiratory muscle interaction with special emphasis on the mechanical outcome of muscle contraction and the contribution of the extradiaphragmatic musculature, and on alterations in respiratory muscle interaction induced by various circumstances associated to lung diseases.

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Authors
  1. M. Decramer
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, 640 Jackson Street, St. Paul, MN, 55101-2595, USA

    J. J. Marini

  2. Department of Critical Care, Evangelismos Hospital, 45, Ipsilandou Street, Athens, 11521, Greece

    C. Roussos

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Decramer, M. (1991). Role of Extradiaphragmatic Musculature in Breathing. In: Marini, J.J., Roussos, C. (eds) Ventilatory Failure. Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84554-3_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84554-3_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-84556-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-84554-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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