Abstract
With the trend to specialize in medicine and biomedical research, the body has been studied as a series of individual systems; this has afforded us a wealth of detailed knowledge at the system level, but often at the expense of a functional knowledge of the whole. Within the past few years, important functional links among the brain, endocrine and immune systems have been demonstrated to play a role in the intact organism’s adaptive and maladaptive responses to injury and disease. Precise knowledge about the interactions among these networks may allow for exciting new therapeutic strategies with direct relevance to the practice of critical care and emergency medicine.
The views of the author(s) do not purport the position of the Department or the Department of Defense, (para 4-3, AR 360-5). Research was conducted in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act and other Federal statutes and regulations relating to animals and experiments involving animals, and adheres to principles stated in the ‘Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals’, NIH publication 86’23, 1985 edition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Tache Y, Du Ruisseau P, Tache J, Selye H, Collu R (1976) Shift in adenohypophyseal activity during chronic intermittent immobilization of rats. Neuroendocrinology 22:325–336
Ross LH, Grant J (1988) Parenteral nutrition. In: Chernow B, Holaday JW, Zaloga GP, Zaritsky AL (eds) The pharmacologic approach to the critically ill patient, 2nd edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 818–847
Burnham KD (1988) Thyroid hormones. In: Chernow B, Holaday JW, Zaloga GP, Zaritsky AL (eds) The pharmacologic approach to the critically ill patient, 2nd edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 818–847
Parrillo JE, Fauci AS (1979) Mechanisms of glucocorticoid action on immune processes. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 19:129–201
MacLeod RM, Scapagnini U, Thorner MO (1985) Prolactin — basic and clinical correlates. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo
Demarest KT, Riegle GD, Moore KE (1985) The interrelationship between the rapid “tonic” and the delayed „induction“ components of the prolactin-induced activation of tu-beroinfundibular dopamine neurons. In: MacLeod RF, Scapagnini U, Thorner MO (eds) Prolactin — basic and clinical correlates. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 533–542
Snow ED, Feldbush TL, Oakes JA (1981) The effect of growth hormone and insulin upon MLC responses and the generation of cytotoxic leukocytes. J Immunol 125:161–164
Weigent DA, Blalock JE (1987) Interactions between the neuroendocrine and immune systems: Common hormones and receptors. Immunol Rev 100:79–86
Tache Y, Du Ruisseau P, Tache J, Selye H, Collu R (1976) Shift in adenohypophyseal activity during chronic intermittent immobilization of rats. Neuroendocrinology 22:325–336
Tache Y, Du Ruisseau P, Ducharme JR, Collu R (1978) Pattern of adenohypophyseal hormone changes in male rats following chronic stress. Neuroendocrinology 26:208–219
Yelvington DB, Weiss GK, Ratner A (1984) Effect of corticosterone on the prolactin response to psychological and physical stress in rats. Life Sci 35:1705–1711
Nagy E, Berczi I, Wren GE, Asa SL, Kovacs K (1983) Immunomodulation by bromocryptine. Immunopharmacology 6:231–243
Bernton EW, Meltzer MS, Holaday JW (1988) Suppression of macrophage activation and T-lymphocyte function in hypoprolactinemic mice. Science 239:401–403
Bryant HU, Bernton EW, Shakarjian TK, Holaday JW (1988) Cysteamine produces dose-related bidirectional immunomodulatory effects in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (in press)
Russell DH, Matrisian L, Kibler R, Larson DF, Poulos B, Magun BE (1984) Prolactin receptors on human lymphocytes and their modulation by cyclosporine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 121:899–906
Kenner JR, Smith PF, Bernton EW, Hartmann D, Holaday JW (1988) Murine splenic lymphocytes demonstrate Con-A inducible prolactin-like immunoreactivity as determined by immunocytochemistry (ICC). Soc Neurosci Abs 14:756
Montgomery DW, Zukoski CF, Shah GN, et al (1987) Concanavalin-A-stimulated murine splenocytes produce a factor with prolactin-like bioactivity and immunoreactivity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 145:692–698
Hartmann DP, Holaday JW, Bernton EW (1988) Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by antibodies to prolactin (submitted)
Bernton E, Hartmann D, Holaday J (1987) Antibody to mouse prolactin inhibits murine lymphocytes responses to T-cell growth factors. J Leukocyte Biol 42:335
Holaday JW, Bryant HU, Kenner JR, Bernton EW (1988) Pharmacologie manipulations of the endocrine/immune axis. Progress in Neuroendocrinimmunology 1:6–8
Louria DB, Hensle T, Rose J (1967) The major medical complications of heroin addiction. Ann Intern Med 67:1–22
Donahoe RM, Nicholson JKA, Madden JJ, et al (1986) Coordinate and independent effects of heroin, cocaine and alcohol abuse on T-cell E-rosette formation and antigenic marker expression. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 41:254–260
Bryant HU, Bernton EW, Holaday JW (1988) Morphine pellet-induced immunomodulation in mice: Temporal relationships. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 245:913–920
Bryant HU, Bernton EW, Kenner JR, Shakarjian TK, Holaday JW (1988) Suppression of macrophage function and increased lethality to bacterial infection in mice given morphine pellet implants. FASEB J 2:A1260
Peritt D, Jerrells TR, Holaday JW, Bryant HU (1988) Suppression of interleukin-2 production with chronic morphine treatment. FASEB J 2:A485
Weber RJ, Ikejiri B, Rice KC, Pert A, Hagan AA (1987) Opiate receptor-mediated regulation of the immune response in vivo. In: Problems of drug dependence. Proceedings of the 48th Annual Scientific Meeting, the Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence, NIDA Res Monogr 76:341–350
Bryant HU, Bernton EW, Holaday JW (1988) Morphine-induced immunosuppression: Involvement of glucocorticoids and prolactin. In: Problems of drug dependence. Proceedings of the 50th Annual Scientific Meeting, the Committee on the Problems of Drug Dependence, NIDA Res Monogr (in press)
Bernton EW, Bryant HU, Woldeyesus J, Holaday JW (1988) Suppression of lymphocyte and adrenal cortical function by corticosterone: In vivo antagonism by prolactin. Pharmacologist (in press)
Luger A, Graf H, Schwartz H-P, Stummvoll H-K, Luger TA (1986) Decreased serum inter-leukin 1 activity and monocyte interleukin 1 production in patients with fatal sepsis. Crit Care Med 14:458–461
Meltzer MS, Nacy CA (1987) Cell-cell interactions during inflammation: The role of the macrophage. In: Cerra FB, Shoemaker WC (eds) Critical care state-of-the-art, vol 8. Society of Critical Care Med, Fullerton CA, pp 119–132
Bernton E, Beach J, Holaday JW, Smallridge R, Fein H (1987) Release of multiple hormones by a direct action of interleukin-1 on pituitary cells. Science 238:519–521
Beach JE, Smallridge RC, Kinzer CA, Bernton EW, Holaday JW, Fein HG (1989) Interleukin-1 releases multiple hormones from perifused rat pituitaries. Life Sci 44:1–8
Berkenbosch F, van Oert J, Del Ray A, Tilders F, Besedovsky H (1987) CRF-producing neurons in the rat are activated by interleukin-1. Science 238:524–526
Breder C, Dinarello C, Saper C (1988) Interleukin-1 immunoreactive innervation of the human hypothalamus. Science 240:321–323
Tracey DE, Webster EL, Grigoriadis DE, De Souza EB (1988) Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptors in the brain/pituitary/immune axis. Abstracts, American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 27th ann meeting. San Juan, PR
Bunner D, Morris E, Smallridge C (1984) Circadian growth hormone and prolactin blood concentrations during selflimited viral infection in man. Metabolism 4:337–346
Kohler P, O’Malley B, Rayford P, Lipsett M, Odell W (1967) Effect of pyrogen on blood levels of pituitary trophic hormones. Observations of the usefulness of the growth hormone response in the detection of pituitary disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 27:219–225
Meltzer MS, Gendelman HE (1988) Effects of colony stimulating factors on the interaction of monocytes and the human immunodeficiency virus. Immunol Letters 19:193–198
Bryant HU, Holaday JW, Gendelman HE, Meltzer MS, Bernton EW (1989) Neuronotrop-hic effects of granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factors. In: Hendrie HC et al (eds) Neuronal control of bodily function (in press)
Rettori V, Jurcovicova J, McCann SM (1987) Central action of interleukin-1 in altering the release of TSH, growth hormone and prolactin in the male rat. J Neurosci Res 18:179–183
Dubuis JM, Dayer JM, Siegris-Kaiser CA, Burger AG (1988) Human recombinant interleukin-1 beta decreases plasma thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in rats. Endocrinol 123:2175–2181
Dasta JF, Armstrong DK, Reilley TE, Frolicher DA, Tallman RD (1985) A re-evaluation of haloperidol’s reported antagonism of dopamine-induced renal vasodilation. Crit Care Med 13:348
Rao MR, Bartke A, Parkening TA, Collins TJ (1984) Effect of treatment with different doses of bromocryptine on plasma profiles of gonadotrophins, prolactin and testosterone in mature male rats and mice. Int J Andrology 7:258–268
Palestine AG, Nussenblatt RB (1988) The effect of bromocriptine on anterior uveitis. Am J Ophtalmol 104(4):488–489
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Holaday, J.W., Bryant, H.U., Kenner, J.R., Bernton, E.W. (1989). Brain, Endocrine and Immune Interactions: Implications in Intensive Care. In: Bihari, D., Holaday, J.W. (eds) Brain Failure. Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83929-0_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83929-0_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-51655-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83929-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive