Abstract
Transmembrane signal transduction is characterized largely by the interaction between its components: ligand, receptor on the surface of cells, G-protein subunits at the inner face of the plasma membrane, and effector enzymes. The effector enzymes may vary widely depending on the organism and the ligand, and include adenylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase, phospholipase C, and ion channels. The consequence of these interactions is the production of intracellular second messengers, such as cAMP, cGMP, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], diacylglycerol, Ca2+, and K+. Besides the interaction between these proteins that generate second messengers, there also excists an extensive interaction between the second messenger systems such that one system modulates or rules another system. The main problem for the elucidation of transmembrane signal transduction is probably to understand how the flow of information proceeds through this complicated network of interacting molecules. Mutants have been shown to be very useful to unravel complex biochemical pathways. Microorganisms are most advantageous in this respect, since they are easy to grow, have short generation times, and have a relatively small genome which is expressed in a haploid stage.
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Van Haastert, P.J.M. et al. (1990). The Inositolcycle of Dictyostelium Discoideum . In: Konijn, T.M., Houslay, M.D., Van Haastert, P.J.M. (eds) Activation and Desensitization of Transducing Pathways. NATO ASI Series, vol 44. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83618-3_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83618-3_3
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