Abstract
In its final stages, shock, regardless of the cause, evokes a picture familiar to all clinicians. Diffuse end-organ damage, a coagulopathic state, metabolic acidosis, hypotension, and sequestration of fluid are all elements of this picture. Yet, these common features reveal little about the molecular pathogenesis of shock, or about the events that lead to its development.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Michalek SM, Moore RN, McGhee JR, et al (1980) The primary role of lymphoreticular cells in the mediation of host responses to bacterial endotoxin. J Inf Dis 141:55–63.
Rouzer CA, Cerami A (1980) Hypertriglyceridemia associated with Trypanosoma brucei infection in rabbits: role of defective triglyceride removal. Molec Biochem Parasitol 2:31–38.
Kawakami M, Cerami A (1981) Studies of endotoxin-induced decrease in lipoprotein lipase activity. J Exp Med 154:631–639.
Beutler B, Mahoney J, Le Trang N, et al (1985) Purification of cachectin, a lipoprotein lipase-suppressing hormone secreted by endotoxin-induced RAW 264.7 cells. J Exp Med 161:984–995.
Beutler B, Greenwald D, Hulmes JD, et al (1985) Identity of tumour necrosis factor and the macrophage-secreted factor cachectin. Nature 316:552–554.
Caput D, Beutler B, Hartog K, et al (1986) Identification of a common nucleotide sequence in the 3′-untranslated region of mRNA molecules specifying inflammatory mediators. Proc Natl Acad Sci 83:1670–1674.
Carswell EA, Old LJ, Kassel RL, et al (1975) An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci 72:3666–3670.
Aggarwal BB, Kohr WJ, Hass PE, et al (1985) Human tumor necrosis factor. Production, purification, and characterization. J Biol Chem 260:2345–2354.
Beutler B, Milsark IW, Cerami A (1985) Passive immunization against cachectin/tumor necorsis factor (TNF) protects mice from the lethal effect of endotoxin. Science 229:869–871.
Tracey KJ, Beutler B, Lowry SF, et al (1986) Shock and tissue injury induced by recombinant human cachectin. Science 234:470–474.
Tracey KJ, Lowry SF, Fahey III TJ, et al (1987) Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor induces lethal shock and stress hormone responses in the dog. Surg Gynecol Obstet 164:415–422.
Tracey K, Lowry S, Beutler B, et al (1986) Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor mediates changes in skeletal muscle transmembrane potential. J Exp Med 164:1368–1373.
Dayer JM, Beutler B, Cerami A (1985) Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor (TNF) stimulates collagenase and PGE2 production by human synovial cells and dermal fibroblasts. J Exp Med 162:2163–2168.
Kettelhut IC, Fiers W, Goldberg AL (1987) The toxic effects of tumor necrosis factor in vivo and their prevention by cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci 84:4273–4277.
Oliff A, Defeo-Jones D, Boyer M, et al (1987) Tumors secreting human TNF/cachectin induce cachexia in mice. Cell 50:555–563.
Lehmann V, Freudenberg MA, Galanos C (1987) Lethal toxicity of lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor in normal and d-galactosamine-treated mice. J Exp Med 165:657–663.
Aggarwal BB, Eessalu TE, Hass PE (1985) Characterization of receptors for human tumor necrosis factor and their regulation by gamma-interferon. Nature 318:665–667.
Beutler B, Cerami A (1986) Cachectin and tumor necrosis factor as two sides of the same biological coin. Nature 320:584–588.
Beutler B, Krochin N, Milsark IW, et al (1986) Control of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) synthesis: mechanisms of endotoxin resistance. Science 232:977–980.
Grau GE, Fajardo LF, Piguet PF, et al (1987) Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) as an essential mediator in murine cerebral malaria. Science 237:1210–1212.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beutler, B. (1988). The Molecular Basis of Shock: The Role of Cachectin. In: Vincent, J.L. (eds) Update 1988. Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83392-2_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83392-2_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-18981-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83392-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive