Abstract
Parenteral nutrition, known also as total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or normocaloric parenteral nutrition (NPN), denotes the intravenous administration of nutrients in a composition and quantity which satisfy the patient’s nutritional requirement. This is determined by the patient’s basal metabolic rate, his level of activity, the nature of his illness, the extent of surgical trauma, and any preexisting deficiency syndrome that may be present. The limiting factor in nutritional support is the ability of the patient to metabolize the parenterally administered substrates [24].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Allen JR (1978) The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. In: Johnston IDA (ed) Advances in parenteral nutrition. MTP
American Medial Association; Department of Foods and Nutrition (1979) Multivitamin preparations for parenteral use. A statement by the Nutrition Advisory Group. JPEN 3:258
American Medical Association; Department of Foods and Nutrition (1979) Guidelines for essential trace elements preparations for parenteral use. Expert Panel for Nutrition Advisory Group. JAMA 241:2051
Benedict FG (1915) A study of prolonged fasting. Carnegie Inst, of Washington, Publication no. 203
Bozzetti F, Terno G (1982) Prevention and treatment of central venous catheter sepsis by exchange via a guidewice. A prospective controlled trial. 4th ESPEN-Congress (abstract), Wien
Brennan MF (in press) Trace metal deficiency and replacement during total partenteral nutrition. Surgical Metabolism Section, Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, USA
Brenner U, Müller JM, Keller HW, Schmitz M, Horsch S (1983) Ein neuer Ernährungsindex zur präoperativen Beurteilung der Mangelernährung als Risikofaktor in der Chirurgie. Infusionstherapie 10:302
Burri CF, Ahnefeld FW (1977) Cava-Katheter. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Burt ME, Dunnick NR, Krudy AG et al. (1981) Prospective evaluation of subclavian vein thrombosis during total parenteral nutrition by contrast venography. Clinical Research 29:264 A
Dudrick SJ, Steiger E, Long JM, Ruberg RL et al. (1979) General prinziples and techniques of intravenous hyperalimentation. In: Cowan JR (ed) Intravenous Hyperalimentation. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia
Dudrick SJ, Long JM, Steiger E, Roads JE (1970) Intravenous hyperalimentation. Med Clin North Amer 54:577
Dudrick SJ, McFadyen BV, van Buren CT (1972) Parenteral hyperalimentation. Metabolic problems and solutions. Am Surg 176:259
Dudrick SJ, Long JM (1977) Applications and hazards of intravenous hyperalimentation. Annu Rev Med 28:517
Filler RM, Coran AG (1976) Total parenteral nutrition in infants and children: Central and peripheral approaches. Surg Clin North Am 56:395
Garden OJ, Sim AJW (1982) Subclavian catheter infection. A prospective study of tunneling versus non-tunneling. 4th ESPEN-Congress (abstract), Wien
Ghadimi H, Abaci F, Kuma S (1971) Biochemical aspects of intravenous alimentation. Pediatrics 48:955
Grant JP, Cox CE, Kleinmann LM, Mahler MM, Pittmann MA, Tangrea JA, Brown JH, Gross E, Meacley RM, Jones S (1977) Serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin elevations during parenteral nutrition. Surg Gynecol Obstet 145:573
Green PJ (1977) Folate deficiency and intravenous nutrition. Lancet 1:814
Guthy E (1980) Zur Frage des postoperativen Vitaminbedarfs. In: Heberer G, Schultis K, Günther B (Hrsg) Postaggressionsstoffwechsel II. Schattauer, Stuttgart New York, S 103–106
Hartig W, Czarnetzki H-D, Faust H, Fickweiler E (1976) Zur Verwertung von Aminosäure-Infusionslösungen beim Gesunden und bei Patienten im Stress, untersucht an 15N-Glyzin. Infusionsther u klin Ernährung Basel 3:268–273.
Kinney JM (1976) Energy requirements for parenteral nutrition. In: Fischer (ed) Total parenteral nutrition, Little, Brown and Comp, Boston, pp 135–142
Löhlein D (1979) Veränderungen des postoperativen Proteinstoffwechsels bei peripher-venöser Infusionstherapie. Habilitationsschrift. Hannover
Löhlein D (1981) Untersuchungen zum proteinsparenden Effekt verschiedener Konzepte der peripheren parenteralen Ernährung. Z Ernährungswiss 20:81–95
Molnar JA, Wolfe RR, Burke JF (in press) Metabolism and nutritional therapy in thermal injury. In: Nutritional support of medical practice, 2nd edn, Harper & Row, New York
Müller JM (1982) Der Einfluß der präoperativen parenteralen Ernährung auf den klinischen Verlauf und das Stoffwechselverhalten bei Karzinompatienten in der prä-und postoperativen Phase. Habilitationsschrift. Köln
Müller JM, Brenner U, Dienst C (1982) Preoperative parenteral feedings in patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma. Lancet 1:68
Mullen J, Buzby GP, Waldmann MT, Gertner MH (1979) Prediction of operative morbidity and mortality by preoperative nutritional assessment. Surg Forum 30
Murphy LM, Lipman TO (1983) Safety of twice per week central venous catheters dressing changes in total parenteral nutrition. 7th ASPEN-Congress (abstract), Washington DC
Newsome HH Jr, Armstrong CW, Mayhall GC (1983) Comparison of denovo percutaneous venipuncture to change of catheter over guide-wire for insertion of subclavian venous feeding catheters. 7th ASPEN-Congress (abstract), Washington DC
Parsa MH, Habif DV, Ferrer JM, Lipton R, Yoshimura NN (1972) Intravenous hyperalimentation: Indications, technique and complications. Bull NY Acad Med 48:920
Rager R, Finegold (1975) Cholestasis in immature newborn infants: is parenteral alimentation responsible? J Pediatr 86:264
Rutten P, Blackburn GL, Flatt JP, Hallowell E, Cochran D (1975) Determination of optimal hyperalimentation infusion rate. J Surg Res 18:477
Ryan JA (1974) Catheter complications in total parenteral nutrition. N Engl J Med, 290:757
Tanner WA, Delaney PV, Hennessy TP (1980) The influence of heparin on intravenous infusions: A prospective study. Br J Surg, 67:311
Thomas DW (1977) Practical metabolic problems. Klin Anaesth Intensivmed 13:184
Touloukian RJ, Downing SE (1973) Cholestasis associated with longterm parenteral hyperalimentation. Arch Surg 106:58
Wretlind A (1972) Complete intravenous nutrition: Theoretical and experimental background. Nutr Metab 14 (Suppl):1
References
Bryant LR, Trinkle JK, Mobin-Uddin K, Baker J, Griffen WO (1972) Bacterial colonization profile with tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Arch Surg 104:647–651
Burke JF (1961) The effective period of preventive antibiotic action in experimental incisions and dermal lesions. Surgery 50:161–168
Comhaire A, Lamy M (1981) Contamination rate of sterilized ventilators in an ICU. Crit Care Med 9:546–548
Cross AS, Roup B (1981) Role of respiratory assistance devices in endemic nosocomial pneumonia. Am J Med 70:681–685
Daschner F (1981) Antibiotikaprophylaxe — sinnvoll oder sinnlos? Dtsch med Wochenschr 106:1150–1153
Finlay IG, Wright P, Mcardle CS (1980) Oesophageal bacterial flora in carcinoma of oesophagus. Brit J Surg 67:815–836
Frimodt-Møller N, Ostri P, Pedersen IK, Poulsen SR (1982) Antibiotic prophylaxis in pulmonary surgery. A double-blind study of penicillin versus placebo. Ann Surg 195:444–450
Grundmann R (1982) Die perioperative Antibiotikaprophylaxe. Krankenhausarzt 55:879–884
Hamelmann H, Erttmann M (1984) Antibioticapro-phylaxe in der Chirurgie des Gastrointestinaltraktes. Chirurg 55:218–221
Hirschmann JV, Inui TS (1980) Antimicrobial prophylaxis: A critique of recent trials. Rev infect Dis 2:1–23
Hoffmann CEJ, McDonald PJ, Watts J McK (1981) Use of peroperative Cefoxitin® to prevent infection after colonic and rectal surgery. Ann Surg 193:353–356
Keighley MRB, Burdon DW, Gatehouse D (1982) Rate of wound sepsis with “selective” short-term antibiotic prophylaxis in gastric surgery. World J Surg 6:445–449
Klastersky J, Cappel R, Noterman J, Snoeck J, Geuning C, Mouawad E (1973) Endotracheal gentamincin for the prevention of bronchial infections in patients with tracheotomy. Int J Clin Pharmacol 74:279–286
Klastersky J, Carpentier-Meunier F, Kahan-Coppens L, Thys JP (1979) Endotracheally administered antibiotics for gram-negative bronchopneumonia. Chest 75:586–591
Kvale PA, Ranga V, Kopacz M, Cox F, Magilligan DJ, Davila JC (1977) Pulmonary resection. South Med J 70:64–68
Muscroft TJ, Deane SA (1982) Prevention of sepsis in gastroesophageal surgery. World J Surg 6:293–300
Sandusky WR (1977) Prophylaxis in surgery. J Am med Ass 237:1003–1008
Schulz E, Busse FW, Strasburger C, Herhahn J, Wood WG, Sack K (1983) Gentamicin-Serumspie-gel nach intratrachealer Applikation bei Beatmungspatienten mit normaler und eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion. Dtsch med Wochenschr 108:1964–1967
Stone HH, Haney BB, Kolb LD, Geheber CE, Hooper CA (1979) Prophylactic and preventive antibiotic therapy. Timing, duration and economics. Ann Surg 189:691–699
Storm W (1981) Transitorische Bakteriämien nach endotrachealem Absaugen. Dtsch med Wochenschr 106:1496–1498
Strachan CJL, Black J, Powis SJA, Waterworth TA, Wise AR, Wilkinson AR, Burdon DW, Severn M, Mitra B, Norcott H (1977) Prophylactic use of cephazolin against wound sepsis after cholecystectomy. Br med J 1:1254–1256
Truesdale R, D’Alessandri R, Manuel V, Daicoff G, Kluge RM (1979) Antimicrobial vs placebo prophylaxis in noncardiac thoracic surgery. J Am med Ass 241:1254–1256
Vogel F, Werner H, Exner M, Marx M (1981) Prophylaxe und Therapie von Atemwegsinfektionen bei beatmeten Patienten durch intratracheale Aminoglykosidgabe. Dtsch med Wochenschr 106:898–903
References
Brünger B, Stühmer B (1980) Krankengymnastik aktuell. Pflaum-Verlag, München
Ehrenberg H (1982) Krankengymnastik, Bd I, Grundlagen der Krankengymnastik (Krankengymnastische Techniken der Atemtherapie) Thieme, Stuttgart
Giebel O (1962) Der Einfluß künstlicher Totraumvergrößerung auf Ventilation und Blutgase. 79. Tagung d. Dtsch. Gesellschaft f. Chirurgie, Langenbecks Arch Chir und Dtsch. Z. f. Chirurgie 301:543–548
Giebel O (1967) Über das Verhalten von Ventilation, Gasaustausch und Kreislauf bei Patienten mit normalem und gestörtem Gasaustausch unter künstlicher Totraumvergrößerung. Habilitationsschrift Springer Bd 41.
Giebel O (1976) Totraumvergrößerer. Fortbildungskursus für Krankenschwestern-und Pfleger. 116. Tagung der Vereinigung Nordwestdeutscher Chirurgen: Inhalationstherapie und Atemgymnastik. Die Schwester/Der Pfleger 15:48–50
Giebel O, Horatz K (1967) Die Anwendung künstlicher Totraumvergrößerung zur Behandlung von Atelektasen. Bruns-Beitr klin Chir 214:375–381
Siemon G (1976) Physikalische Atemtherapie im Rahmen operativer Eingriffe. Fortbildungseminar für Krankengymnasten „Prä-und postoperative Atemtherapie“ 93. Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Müller, J.M., Grundmann, R., Hofmann, H., Ehrenberg, H. (1989). Perioperative Management. In: Pichlmaier, H., Schildberg, F.W. (eds) Thoracic Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83256-7_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83256-7_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-48989-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83256-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive