Skip to main content

Highlighting a User Model to Respond to Misconceptions

  • Conference paper
Book cover User Models in Dialog Systems

Part of the book series: Symbolic Computation ((1064))

Abstract

Responses to misconceptions given by human conversational partners often contain information refuting the possible reasoning which may have led to the misconceptions. This work describes generating such responses by reasoning on a highlighted model of the user to identify possible sources of the error. Domain-independent structural characterizations of a highlighted user model which suggest the source of several types of misconceptions are identified. Each is associated with a response strategy. The system can respond to a particular misconception by consulting the highlighted user model for one of the identified structural configurations and responding with the associated strategy. Transcripts of misconceptions corrected by human conversational partners show, however, that misconception responses must reflect the user's perspective on the objects involved. This context-dependent aspect of correcting misconceptions is captured by a new notion of object perspective which serves to highlight certain aspects of the user model due to the preceding discourse.

This paper is a revised and extended version of [MCCO88]

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Bobrow, J. S. and T. Winograd (1977): An Overview of KRL, a Knowledge Representation Language. Cognitive Science 1, 3–46. [MCCO*: 245]

    Google Scholar 

  2. Brown, J. S. and R. R. Burton (1978): Diagnostic Models for Procedural Bugs in Basic Mathematical Skills. Cognitive Science 2, 155–192. [CHIN*: 77, 100; QUIL*: 116, 125; MCCO*: 237; KASS*: 392, 394; FINI*: 414]

    Google Scholar 

  3. Carberry, S. (1984): Understanding Pragmatically Ill-Formed Input. In: Proc. of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 22nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, 200–206. [MCCO*: 243]

    Google Scholar 

  4. Carbonell, J. R. and A. M. Collins (1970): Mixed-Initiative Systems for Training and Decision-Aid Applications. Technical Report ESD-TR-70–373, Electronics Systems Division, Laurence G. Hanscom Field, US Air Force, Bedford, MA. [MCCO*: 244, 248]

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cohen, R. and M. Jones: Incorporating User Models into Expert Systems for Educational Diagnosis. In this volume. [WAHL*: 19; CARB*: 161; PARI*: 231; MCCO*: 250; SPAR*: 362]

    Google Scholar 

  6. Grosz, B. J. (1977): The Representation and Use of Focus in Dialogue Understanding. Technical Report 151, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA. [MCCO*: 245]

    Google Scholar 

  7. Grosz, B. J., A. K. Joshi and S. Weinstein (1983): Providing a Unified Account of Definite Noun Phrases in Discourse. In: Proc. of the 21st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Cambridge, MA, 44–50. [MCCO*: 244]

    Google Scholar 

  8. Grosz, B. J. and C. Sidner (1985): Discourse Structure and the Proper Treatment of Interruptions. In: Proc. IJCAI-85, 832–839. [MCCO*: 252]

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kaplan, S. J. (1979): Cooperative Responses from a Portable Natural Language Data Base Query System. Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Also available as: Report HPP79–19, Computer Science Dept., Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA. [WAHL*: 19, 26; KOBS*: 58; CARB*: 146, 152; MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

  10. Karlin, R. (1985): Romper Mumbles. Technical Report 85–41, Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. [MCCO*: 236]

    Google Scholar 

  11. Mays, E. (1980): Correcting Misconceptions about Database Structure. In: Proc. of the 3rd CSCSI/SCEIO Conference, Victoria, B.C., 123–128. [MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

  12. McCoy, K. F. (1985): Correcting Object-Related Misconceptions. Ph.D. Thesis, MS-CIS-85–57, Dept. of Computer and Information Science, Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. [WAHL*: 27; CHIN*: 101; MCCO*: 245; FINI*: 416]

    Google Scholar 

  13. McCoy, K. F. (1987): Contextual Effects on Responses to Misconceptions. In: G. Kempen, ed.: Natural Language Generation: New Results in Artificial Intelligence, Psychology, and Linguistics. Dordrecht/Boston: Kluwer. [MCCO*: 242]

    Google Scholar 

  14. McCoy, K. F. (1988): Reasoning on a Dynamically Highlighted User Model to Respond to Misconceptions. In: Computational Linguistics 14(3), Special Issue on User Modeling (A. Kobsa and W. Wahlster, eds.), 52–63. [PARI*: 201f.; MCCO*: 233; SPAR*: 362]

    Google Scholar 

  15. McDonald, D. D. (1980): Natural Language Production as a Process of Decision Making under Constraint. Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA. [MCCO*: 236]

    Google Scholar 

  16. McKeown, K. R. (1982): Generating Natural Language Text in Response to Questions about Database Structure. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. [MCCO*: 243]

    Google Scholar 

  17. McKeown, K. R., M. Wish and K. Matthews (1985): Tailoring Explanations for the User. In: Proc. IJCAI-85, 794–798. [WAHL*: 12; PARI*: 201, 203; MCCO*: 251; FINI*: 415]

    Google Scholar 

  18. Morik, K.: User Models and Conversational Settings: Modeling the User’s Wants. In this volume. [WAHL*: 19; RICH*: 36; KOBS*: 53, 59; CHIN*: 78; MCCO*: 251; JAME*: 256, 278, 294; SPAR*: 343, 360, 362; FINI*: 415]

    Google Scholar 

  19. Quilici, A.: Detecting and Responding to Plan-Oriented Misconceptions. In this volume. [WAHL*: 7, 27; RICH*: 39; CHIN*: 101; CARB*: 152, 161; PARI*: 201; MCCO*: 238; JAME*: 260, 307]

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rich, E.: Stereotypes and User Modeling. In this volume. [WAHL*: 13; CHIN*: 78f.; PARI*: 201; MCCO*: 235; JAME*: 256, 294; COHE*: 329; MORI*: 376; FINI*: 416, 422]

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rumelhart, D. E. and A. A. Abrahamson (1973): A Model for Analogical Reasoning. Cognitive Psychology 5, 1–28. [MCCO*: 243]

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sidner, C. L. (1983): Focusing in the Comprehension of Definite Anaphora. In: M. Brady and R. Berwick, eds.: Computational Models of Discourse. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [MCCO*: 244]

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sleeman, D. H. (1982): Inferring (Mal) Rules From Pupil’s Protocols. In: Proc. of the 6th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Orsay, France, 160–164. [PARI*: 211; MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

  24. Stevens, A., A. Collins and S. E. Goldin (1982): Misconceptions in Student’s Understanding. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 11, 145–156. [CHIN*: 77, 100; MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

  25. Stevens, A. and A. Collins (1980): Multiple Conceptual Models of a Complex System. In: P.-A. Federico, R. E. Snow and W. E. Montague, eds.: Aptitude, Learning, and Instruction. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

  26. Tou, F., M. Williams, R. Fikes, A. Henderson and T. Malone (1982): Rabbit: An Intelligent Database Assistant. In: Proc. AAAI-82, 314–317. [MCCO*: 245]

    Google Scholar 

  27. Tversky, A. (1977): Features of Similarity. Psychological Review 84, 327–352. [MCCO*: 243]

    Google Scholar 

  28. Weiner, E. J. (1984): A Knowledge Representation Approach to Understanding Metaphors. Computational Linguistics 19, 1–14. [MCCO*: 243f., 248]

    Google Scholar 

  29. Woolf, B. and D. McDonald (1983): Human-Computer Discourse in the Design of a Pascal Tutor. In: Proc. of the CHI’83 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Boston, MA, 230–234. [MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

  30. Woolf, B. (1984): Context Dependent Planning in a Machine Tutor. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA. [MCCO*: 237]

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

McCoy, K.F. (1989). Highlighting a User Model to Respond to Misconceptions. In: Kobsa, A., Wahlster, W. (eds) User Models in Dialog Systems. Symbolic Computation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83230-7_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83230-7_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-83232-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83230-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics