Abstract
The earmark of the intermetallic compounds known as heavy-Fermion or heavy-electron materials is a low-temperature linear electronic specific-heat coefficient (γ) which shows an upturn on cooling to low temperatures, typically below 4 K (Fig. 1). It is clear from data on the gap anomaly of heavy-electron superconductors that this γ is of electronic origin and, further, that f-electrons must have something to do with it. Only the 4f and 5f elements, typically thought of as forming valence-fluctuation compounds (mainly Ce, Yb, U, and Np) seem to also form heavy-electron compounds. We list a number of these heavy electron compounds in Table 1.
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Fisk, Z., Smith, J.L., Ott, H.R. (1987). Heavy-Electron Materials. In: Bishop, A.R., Campbell, D.K., Kumar, P., Trullinger, S.E. (eds) Nonlinearity in Condensed Matter. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, vol 69. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83033-4_14
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