Abstract
Since screening by both mammography and physical examination have been advocated as means of reducing breast cancer mortality, it is crucial to understand the relative contribution of each modality toward this goal. One means of dealing with this problem is through the use of pathologic parameters related to patient survival. These are lesion size, ratio of infiltrating to intraductal growth, histologic type, histologic grade, extent of tubule formation, lymphatic vessel invasion, and axillary lymph node metastasis. This paper analyzes results of a breast cancer screening project in terms of these pathologic factors. Most cancers classified as minimal or included in other favorable prognostic categories were seen on mammography but were occult to physical examination.
The authors wish to express their appreciation to Arthur S. Patchefsky, M.D., Dept, of Pathology, Jefferson University Hospital, for having reviewed the original histologic slides
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adair F, Berg J, Joubert L, Robbins G (1974) Long term followup of breast cancer patients. The 30-year report. Cancer 33:1145–1150
Alderson MR, Hamlin I, Staunton MD (1971) The relative significance of prognostic factors in breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer 25:646–656
Ashikari R, Huvos AG, Urban JA, Robbins G (1973) Infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast. Cancer 31:110–116
Ashikari R, Huvos AG, Snyder R (1977) Prospective study of noninfiltrating carcinoma of the breast. Cancer 39:435–439
Bloom HJG (1950a) Prognosis in carcinoma of the breast. Br J Cancer 4:259–288
Bloom HJG (1950b) Further studies on prognosis of breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer 4:347–367
Bloom HJG, Richardson WW (1957) Histological grading and prognosis in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 11:359–374
Carstens PHB, Huvos AG, Foote FW Jr, Ashikari R (1972) Tubular carcinoma of the breast. A clinicopathologic study. Am J Clin Pathol 58:231–238
Contesso G, Rouesse J, Pettit J-Y, Mouriesse H (1977) Les facteurs anatamopathologiques du prognostic des cancers du sein. Bull Cancer (Paris) 64:525–536
Cutler SJ, Black MM, Torbjorn M, Harvei S, Freeman C (1969) Further observations on prognostic factors in cancer of the female breast. Cancer 24: 653–667
Feig SA, Shaber GS, Patchefsky AS, Schwartz GF, Edeiken J, Libshitz HI, Nerlinger R, Curley RF, Wallace JD (1977a) Analysis of clinically occult and mammographically occult breast tumors. AJR 128:403–408
Feig SA, Shaber GS, Schwartz GF, Patchefsky A, Libshitz HI, Edeiken J, Nerlinger R, Curley RF, Wallace JD (1977b) Thermography, mammography, and clinical examination in breast cancer screening. Review of 16,000 studies. Radiology 122:123–127
Fisher ER, Fisher B (1977) Relationship of pathologic and some clinical discriminants to the spread of breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2:747–750
Fisher B, Slack NH, Bross IDJ (1969) Cancer of the breast. Size of neoplasm and prognosis. Cancer 24:1071–1080
Frazier TG, Copeland EM, Gallager HS, Paulus DD, White EC (1977) Prognosis and treatment in minimal breast cancer. Am J Surg 133:697–701
Gallager HS, Martin JE (1969a) The study of mammary carcinoma by mammography and whole organ sectioning. Cancer 23:855–873
Gallager HS, Martin JE (1969b) Early phases in the development of breast cancer. Cancer 24:1170–1178
Gallager HS, Martin JE (1971) An orientation to the concept of minimal breast cancer. Cancer 23:1505–1507
Gillis DA, Dockerty MB, Clagett OT (1960) Preinvasive intraductal carcinoma of the breast. Surg Gynecol Obstet 110:555–562
Lane N, Husnu G, Salerno RA, Haagensen CD (1961) Clinico-pathologic analysis of the surgical curability of breast cancers. Ann Surg 153:483–498
McDivitt RW, Hutter RVP, Foote FW, Stewart FW Jr (1967) In-situ lobular carcinoma. A prospective follow up study indicating cumulative patient risk. JAMA 201:81–86
McDivitt RW, Stewart FW, Berg JW (1968) Tumors of the breast. Atlas of tumor pathology, 2nd ser, fasc 2. American Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, p 86
Millis RR, Thynne GSJ (1975) In situ intraductal carcinoma of the breast. A long term follow-up study. Br J Surg 62:957–962
Patchefsky AS, Shaber GS, Schwartz GF, Feig SA, Nerlinger R (1977) The pathology of breast cancer detected by mass population screening. Cancer 40:1659–1670
Silverberg SG, Chitale AR (1973) Assessment of significance of proportions of intraductal and infiltrating tumor growth in ductal carcinoma of the breast. Cancer 32:830–837
Silverberg SG, Chitale AR, Levitt SH (1971) Prognostic significance of tumor margins in mammary carcinoma. Arch Surg 102:450–454
Stoll BA (1976) Effect of age on growth pattern. In: Stoll BA (ed) Risk factors in breast cancer. Year Book Medical Publishes, Chicago, pp 129–148 (New aspects of breast cancer vol 2)
Tough ICK, Carter EC, Fraser J, Bruce J (1969) Histological grading in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 23:294–301
Wallgren A, Silfersward C (1976) Clinical and histological factors of prognostic importance in breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 8:611–617
Wallgren A, Silfersward C, Eklund G (1976) Prognostic factors in mammary carcinoma. Acta Radiol (Stockh) 15:1–16
Wanebo HJ, Huvos AG, Urban JA (1974) Treatment of minimal breast cancer. Cancer 33:349–357
Young JL Jr, Percy CL, Asire AJ (eds) (1981) Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results: Incidence and mortality data 1973–1977. National Cancer Institute Monograph 57. National Cancer Institute, NIH Publication No. 81–2330
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Feig, S.A., Schwartz, G.F. (1984). Prognostic Pathologic Factors Among Breast Cancers Detected on Screening by Mammography. In: Brünner, S., Langfeldt, B., Andersen, P.E. (eds) Early Detection of Breast Cancer. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 90. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82031-1_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82031-1_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-82033-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-82031-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive