Introduction

Abstract

In recent years, new physical and mathematical models of material media, which can be considered far-reaching generalizations of classical theories of elasticity, plasticity, and ideal and viscous liquids, have been developed intensively. Such models have appeared for a number of reasons. Primary among them are the use of new construction materials in extreme conditions and the intensification of technological processes. The increasing tendency toward rapprochement of mechanics with physics is closely connected with these factors. The internal logic of the development of continuum mechanics as a science is also important.