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Polarization Utilization in Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering

  • Chapter
Inverse Scattering Problems in Optics

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Physics ((TCPHY,volume 20))

Abstract

It is the objective of this chapter to review the progress in electromagnetic inverse scattering over the past three decades by placing major emphasis on the radar target imaging problem. The complete description of electromagnetic scattering processes implies polarization and to recover the descriptive parameters of a scatterer from the measured field given the incident field requires the knowledge of the target scattering matrices and their particular properties. In. radar target discrimination, identification and imaging use of the entire spatial frequency domain of the radar cross section must be made leading to various approximate approaches whose measurement inputs differ greatly from those used for the inverse problems in optics. We begin with an introductory section (Sect.7.1) providing general definitions of the electromagnetic inverse problems and their relation to other chapters in this volume. Next, we introduce in Sect.7.2 vector diffraction integrals and formulas both in frequency and time domains which are required to derive all components of the scattering matrices, show their relations, and briefly outline novel computer-assisted numerical methods. In Sect.7.3 properties of the radar cross section, its related scattering matrices and various radar target operators are derived placing major importance on optimal polarization descriptors, i.e., the cross polarization (maximum) and co-polarization (minimum) null pairs which in the radar case are of great use in the unique description of target and clutter. We then review pertinent inverse scattering theories in the various electromagnetic spatial frequency regimes (of the radar cross section) in Sect.7.4 and we will identify their limitations and polarization sensitivity. In Sect.7.5 we show how vector holography is intrinsically related to the electromagnetic inverse problem and how polarization plays a dominant role in electromagnetic imaging. Finally, in Sect.7.6 we summarize the state of the art, define still existing open problems, and we suggest new approaches by using methods developed in other physical fields.

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    Heinrich P. Baltes

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Boerner, WM. (1980). Polarization Utilization in Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering. In: Baltes, H.P. (eds) Inverse Scattering Problems in Optics. Topics in Current Physics, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81472-3_7

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