Zusammenfassung
Der Begriff „Ependym“ im ursprünglichen Wortsinn, τò ὲπέvδυμα, bezeichnet die gewebliche Auskleidung der Hirnventrikel. Valentin führte den Ausdruck in die von ihm umgearbeitete Hirn- und Nervenlehre von Soemmerring (1841) ein. Der Ausdruck war, wie die Jahresdaten erweisen, ohne Bezug zum Zellbegriff entstanden und hatte die — wie im einzelnen auch immer beschaffene — ventrikelauskleidende Gewebsdecke zum Inhalt. Später wurde der Ausdruck konkretisiert und zur Kennzeichnung einer die Ventrikeloberfläche bedeckenden Zellschicht, der „Ependymzellen“, verwandt (vgl. Biondi, 1956; Adam, 1961). Die Ergebnisse aus den Untersuchungen der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte zeigen indessen, daß an der Auskleidung der Hirnventrikel höherer Vertebraten mehrere Arten von „Ependymzellen“, aber auch neuronale Gewebselemente teilhaben und daß diesen verschiedenartigen Elementen subependymale Zellen und ein subependymales Capillarnetz mit eigenartigen Basallaminabildungen zugeordnet sind. Hierdurch gewinnt die Ventrikeloberfläche einen organartigen Aufbau; alle diese Bausteine stehen nicht nur in enger räumlicher, sondern — wie durch zahlreiche Untersuchungen teils erwiesen, teils wahrscheinlich gemacht — auch in enger funktioneller Beziehung zueinander. Diese Erkenntnis rechtfertigt es, unter Ependym wieder, im ursprünglichen Wortsinn, die ventrikelauskleidende Gewebsdecke insgesamt zu verstehen (vgl. Fleischhauer, 1972), ja von einem „Ependym-organ“zu sprechen.
Literatur bis 1979
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Addendum
Literatur zum Addendum
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Leonhardt, V.H. (1980). Ependym und Circumventriculäre Organe. In: Oksche, A., et al. Neuroglia I. Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen, vol 4 / 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81358-0_3
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