Abstract
A complete survey of the vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray spectroscopy of solids should include not only reflection and transmission spectroscopy, but X-ray and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, several other spectroscopies, and the theoretical bases for their interpretation, for all deal with the same microscopic phenomena. This chapter will be limited, of necessity, to absorption, reflection, luminescence, and modulation spectroscopy of solids in the 6–300 eV region. (The dividing line between soft X-ray and vacuum ultraviolet is not well-defined and will shift several times during this chapter). There is an enormous literature to cover, for conventional discharge sources have been in use for many years, and improved versions are still widely used. Synchrotron radiation has a number of advantages over them, and its use has led to the discovery of new kinds of spectral features. For example, the high intensity and temporal stability of synchrotron radiation permit high-resolution and modulation spectroscopy to be carried out almost routinely, revealing previously unresolved structure, and the polarization allows work on anisotropic materials. Because synchrotron radiation has a continuous spectrum over several decades of energy the search for spectral features can be carried out thoroughly. This chapter describes work done almost exclusively with synchrotron radiation, although some of it could have been carried out with conventional sources. In fact, some has been so carried out, often earlier, but space does not permit adequate referencing of much of such work.
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Chapter 7
A. Ejiri, F. Sugawara, H. Onuki, M. Hirano: The absorption spectra of polyvalent metals (Ga, In, Sn, Pb and Bi) in the extreme ultraviolet. II 11
D. Beaglehole, M. deCrescenzi, B. Thiéblemont, N. Binh, M.L. Theye, G. Vuye: Alloy and surface layer studies by differential reflectivity measurements. II 28
D. Beaglehole, M. deCrescenzi, B. Thiéblemont, M.L. Theye, G. Yuye: d-electron excitation in Au, Cu and Cu-Au alloys between 18 and 30 eV. II 29
R. Wall, J.R. Stevenson, J. Larsen, M.W. Ribarsky, K. Legg: Optical reflectivity and Auger spectroscopy of titanium surfaces with controlled exposures to oxygen and nitrogen. II 39
J.H. Weaver, C.G. Olson: Soft x-ray absorption studies of thorium 5d-5f structures in thorium and thorium compounds. II 21
S. Yamaguchi, H. Hanyu, H. Koike: M2,3 and L2,3 absorption spectra of A1 based 3d transition metal alloys. II 23
R. Mamy, R. Thieblemont, F. Pradal, A. Chevy: Reflectivite de InSe de 2 a 30 eV. II 34
M. Piacentini, C.G. Olson: Optical properties and band structure of the layer compounds InSe, GaSe, and GaS. II 35
J. Stöhr, R.S. Williams, G. Apai, P.S. Wehner, D.A. Shirley: Carbon K-edge absorption fine structure of thin films. II 17
K.M. Monahan, V. Rehn: Time resolved spectroscopy of doped rare-gas solids. I 70
E. Pantos, S.S. Hasnain, I.H. Munro, T.D.S. Hamilton: Benzene absorption and excitation spectra in rare-gas matrices. I 71
S.S. Hasnain, I.H. Munro, T.D.S. Hamilton, P. Brint: Exciton diffusion or surface quenching of the luminescence center in rare gas solids. I 72
V. Saile, W. Steinmann, E.E. Koch: Properties of surface and bulk excitons in rare gas solids. I 74
V. Hahn, B. Jordan, N. Schwentner: Decay and relaxation of excitons in rare gas solids investigated by pulsed photon excitation. I 76
H.W. Wolff: Electronic structure of surface and bulk excitons in rare gas solids. I 80
W. Andreoni, M. deCrescenzi, E. Tosatti: Molecular aspects in the optical properties of rare gas solids. I 81
M. Iwan, C. Kunz: Photoemission of autoionizing Na+-2p core excitons in NaCl.
M. Watnabe, E. Nishioka: Fundamental absorption in RbF-CsF solid solutions. II 19
D. Bäuerle, W. Braun, V. Saile, G. Sprussel, E.E. Koch: Vacuum ultraviolet reflectivity and band structure of SrTiO3 and BaTiO3
D.E. Aspnes: Modulation spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation. Festkörperprobleme XVII/ 235 (1977)
G. Jezequel, J. Thomas, J.C. Lemonnier: Optical transitions from d core states in polycrystalline indium, tin and lead. Solid State Comm. 23, 559 (1977)
H. Petersen, C. Kunz: Density of states in the K excitation spectra of solid and liquid lithium. J. Phys. F 7, 2495 (1977)
P.H. Citrin, G.K. Wertheim, Y. Baer: Many-body processes in x-ray photoemission line shapes from Li, Na, Mg, and A1 metals. Phys. Rev. B 16, 4256 (1977)
T.A. Callcott, E.T. Arakawa, D.L. Ederer: Emission and absorption x-ray edges of Li. Phys. Rev. B 16, 5185 (1977)
M. Cukier, P. Dhez, B. Gauthfé, P. Jaegle, C. Wehenkel, M. Combet-Farnoux: The 5d excitations in thorium and uranium observed by both photoabsorption and fast electron energy loss spectroscopy. J. Phys. Lett. (Paris) 39, L315 (1978)
D.E. Aspnes, R.S. Bauer, R.Z. Bachrach, J.C. McMenamin: Thermoreflectance and temperature dependence of the L2,3 soft x-ray threshold in Si. Phys. Rev. B 16, 5436 (1977)
R. Mamy, B. Thieblemont, L. Martin, F. Pradal: Reflectivity of layer-type transition metal dichalcogenides from 6 eV to 40 eV. II Nuovo Cimento 38B, 196 (1977)
J.C. Rife, R.N. Dexter, P.M. Bridenbaugh, B.W. Veal: Optical properties of the chalcopyrite semiconductors ZnGeP2, AnGeAsp, CuGaS2, CuAlS2, CuInSe2, and AgInSe2. Phys. Rev. B 16, 4491 (1977)
F.C. Brown, R.Z. Bachrach, M. Skibowski: L2, 3 threshold spectra of doped silicon and silicon compounds. Phys. Rev. B 15, 4781 (1977)
W. Eberhardt, G. Kalkoffen, C. Kunz, D.E. Aspnes, M. Cardona: Photoemission studies of 2p core levels of pure and heavily doped silicon. Phys. Status Solidi (b) 88, 135 (1978)
E. Tegeler, N. Kosuch, G. Wiech, A. Faessler: Anisotropic emission of the x-ray Kemission band of nitrogen in hexagonal boron nitride. Phys. Status Solidi (b) 84, 561 (1977)
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Lynch, D.W. (1979). Solid-State Spectroscopy. In: Kunz, C. (eds) Synchrotron Radiation. Topics in Current Physics, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81297-2_7
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