Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Szintigraphie-Kamera

  • Chapter
Nuklearmedizin / Nuclear Medicine

Part of the book series: Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie / Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology ((1523,volume 15 / 1 / A))

  • 57 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Die Szintigraphie war ursprünglich eine reine Lokalisationsmethode, die sich mit der Erfassung der räumlichen Verteilung radioaktiver Substanzen im menschlichen Organismus, insbesondere auch der Bestimmung von Konzentrationsunterschieden in inneren Organen, befaßte. An ihrem Anfang stand die Entwicklung der ersten automatischen Scanner durch Cassen et al. (1951) sowie Mayneord et al. (1951). Das Scanning, die Szintigraphie mit bewegtem Detektor, war seiner Natur nach weitgehend auf die Beobachtung stationärer Radioaktivitätsverteilungen beschränkt. Daneben wurde jedoch schon relativ früh versucht, szintigraphische Abbildungen mit Hilfe stehender Detektoren durchzuführen. Diese Versuche gehen bis in das Jahr 1949 zurück (Copeland U. Benjamin, 1949). Es ist vor allem das Verdienst von ANGER, in jahrelanger Arbeit die erste und bis heute am weitesten verbreitete Gamma-Kamera entwickelt zu haben (1952, 1953, 1958, 1963, 1964). Mit Hilfe der Gamma-Kamera und der Anwendung von Datenspeicherund Datenverarbeitungssystemen hat sich die Szintigraphie von einer reinen Lokalisationsmethode zu einem Verfahren zur Erfassung des raum-zeitlichen Verhaltens radioaktiver Stoffe im menschlichen Organismus erweitert. Die dynamische Kameraszintigraphie hat heute die konventionelle Szintigraphie mit bewegtem Detektor in ihrer Bedeutung in der Routinediagnostik bereits weit übertroffen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Adams, R., Jaffe, H.L.: Recording scan data in photographic colour during live time. I. From the conventional scanner. II. From a ten detector scanner. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 331. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  2. Adams, R., Zimmerman, D.: Methods for calculating the deadtime of Anger camera systems. J. nucl. Med. 14, 496 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Albarede, P.: A propos d’une nouvelle méthode de collimation appliquée à la gammagraphie. Ann. Radiol. 4, 4 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Allen, H.L., Risser, J.H.: Simplified apparatus for brain tumor surveys. Nucleonics 13, 28 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Anger, H.O.: Use of gamma ray pinhole camera for in vivo studies. Nature 170, 200 (1952)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Anger, H.O.: A multiple scintillation counter in vivo scanner. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 70, 605 (1953)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Anger, H.O.: Scintillation camera. Rev. Sci. Instr. 29, 27 (1958)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Anger, H.O.: Gamma-ray and positron scintillation camera. Nucleonics 21, 56 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Anger, H.O.: Scintillation camera with multichannel collimators. J. nucl. Med. 5, 515 (1964)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Anger, H.O.: Multiplane tomographic gamma- ray scanner. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 203. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  11. Anger, H.O., VAN Dyke, D.G., Gottschalk, A., Yano, Y., Schaer, L.R.: The scintillation camera in diagnosis and research. Nucleonics 23, 57 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Anger, H.O., Gottschalk, A.: Localization of brain tumors with the positron scintillation camera. J. nucl. Med. 4, 326 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Anger, H.O., Rosenthal, D.J.: Scintillation camera and positron camera. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 59. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  14. ARIMIZU, N.: Method of tomographic imaging with different collimators. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 369. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  15. Arimizu, N., Kakehi, H.,Morris, JR. A.C,.: Area scanning for quantitative measurement of radioactivity in internal organs. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 653. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  16. Arimizu, N., Morris, JR. A.C.: Quantitative measurement of radioactivity in internal organs by area scanning. J. nucl. Med. 10, 265 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Arnold, J.E., Johnston, S., Pinsky, S.M.: The influence of true counting rate and the photopeak fraction of detected events on Anger camera dead- time. J. nucl. Med. 15, 412 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ashburn, W.L., Harbert, J.C., Whitehouse, W.C., Mason, D.T.: A video system for recording dynamic radioisotope studies with the Anger scintillation camera. J. nucl. Med. 9, 554 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Ashburn, W.L., Moser, K.M., Guisan, M.: Digital and analog processing of Anger camera data with a dedicated computer-controlled system. J. nucl. Med. 11, 680 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Baker, R.G.: Fundamental principles and applications of the scintillation camera. Phys. Med. Biol. 10, 125 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Baker, R.G., Seringer, J.: Improvements in scintillation camera. Phys. Med. Biol. 10, 126 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Baker, R.G., Seringer, J.W.: An investigation of the parameters in scintillation camera design. Phys. Med. Biol. 12, 51 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Barrett, H.H.: Fresnel zone plate imaging in nuclear medicine. J. nucl. Med. 13, 382 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Barrett,H.H.,DE Meester,G.D.,Wilson, D.T., Farmelant, M.H.: Recent advances in Fresnel zone-plate imaging. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 269. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  25. Baschieri,I.: Problemi della ricerca autoscanno- grafica. Minerva nucl. 3, 350 (1959)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Baschieri,I.: Advantages de l’emploi de deux détecteurs opposés en scintigraphic. Bull. Acad. Suisse Seciences Med. 18, 414 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Baschieri, I., D’apuzzo,B.: Possibilités et limites de la scintigraphie. Nucl. Med. 2, 290 (1962)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. BASCHIERI, I., PAVENI,P.,SEMPREBENE, L., BENE- DETTI, G.A.: Perspective d’emploi d’un nouveau système d’enregistrement à contraste accentué. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 545. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  29. Beck, R.N.: A theoretical evaluation of brain scanning systems. J. nucl. Med. 2, 313 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Beck, R.N.: Theory of radioisotope scanning. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 15, 101 (1964)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Beck, R.N.: A theory of radioisotope scanning systems. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 35. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  32. Beck, R.N.: Collimators for radioisotope scanning systems. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 211. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  33. Beck, R.N., SCHUH, M.E., COHEN, T.D., LEM- BARES, N.: Effects of scattered radiation on scintillation detector response. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 595. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  34. Beck, R.N.,Zimmer, L.T., Charleston, D.B., Harper, P.V., Hoffer, P.B.: Advances in fundamental aspects of imaging systems and techniques. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 3. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  35. Bender, M.A.: The clinical use of the autofluo- roscope. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 398. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  36. Bender, M.A., Blau, M.: Photoscanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 31. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  37. Bender, M., Blau, M.: Versatile, high-contrast photoscanner for localization of human tumors with radioisotopes. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 4, 154 (1959)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Bender, M.A., Blau, M.: The use of a non- scanning device for tumor localization with radioisotopes. J. nucl. Med. 1, 105 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Bender, M.A., Blau, M.: The clinical use of the autofluoroscope. J. nucl. Med. 3, 202 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Bender, M.A., Blau, M.: The autofluoroscope. Nucleonics 21, 52 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Bender, M.A., Blau, M.: Collimator evaluation with the IAEA scanning phantom. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 175. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  42. Benedetto, A.R., Nusynowitz, M.L.: An improved FORTRAN program for calculating modulation transfer functions. J. nucl. Med. 18, 85 (1977)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Ben-PORATH, M., Clayton, G.D., Kaplan, E.: Type recording of dual-channel energy modulated color scanning. J. nucl. Med. 10, 155 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Ben-Porath, M., Hochman, A., Gross, J.: Scanning with iodine-125. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. II, S. 71. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  45. Berne, E., Jonsson, V.: Ein magnetischer Analysa- tor fur die quantitative Auswertung von Szinti- grammen. Nucl. Med. 1, 80 (1959)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Bliss,R.D., Weber, P.M., Dos REMEDIOS, L.V.: An improved data recorder for scintillation cameras. J. nucl. Med. 15, 1130 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Block,P.,Sanders, T.: Reduction of the effects of scattered radiation on a sodium iodide imaging system. J. nucl. Med. 14, 67 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Bonte, F.J., Krohmer, J.S., Romans, W.E.: Magnetic tape recording of scintillation scan data. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 14, 273 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Bosnjakovic, V., Bennett, L.R.: An automated method for the evaluation of nonfocused collimator performance in water medium. J. nucl. Med. 15, 679 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Brill,A.B.,Patton, J.A., Price, R., Kosik, C.V.F.: Applications of high-resolution semi-conductor detectors in the evaluation of tumour-localizing tracers. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 217. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  51. Brookeman, V.A.: Component resolution indices for schintillation camera systems. J. nucl. Med. 228 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Brookeman, V.A., Bauer, T.J.: Collimator performance for scintillation camera systems. J. nucl. Med. 13, 21 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Brownell, G.L.: Theory of radioisotope scanning. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 3, 181 (1958)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Brownell, G.L.: Theory of isotope scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 1. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  55. Brownell, G.L.: Theory of radioisotope scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 3. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  56. Brownell, G.L., Burnham, C.A., Hoop JR.,B., Kazemi,H.: Positron scintigraphy with short-lived cyclotron-produced radiopharmaceuticals and a multicrystal positron camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 313. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  57. Brownell, G.L., Burnham, C.A., Wilensky, S.,Aronow, S., Kazemi, H., Strieder, D.: New developments in positron scintigraphy and the application of cyclotron-produced positron emitters. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 163. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  58. Brownell, G.L., Sweet, W.H.: Localization of brain tumors with positron emitters. Nucleonics 11, 40 (1953)

    Google Scholar 

  59. Brudine,J.A.,Murphy, P.H.: Clinical efficacy of a large-field-of-view scintillation camera. J. nucl. Med. 16, 1158 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  60. Budinger,T.F.,Macdonald, B.: Reconstruction of the fresnel-coded gamma camera images by digital computer. J. nucl. Med. 16, 309 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Burnham, C., Brownell, G.L.: A hybrid positron scanner. Phys. Med. Biol. 15, 517 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Cahill, P.: The preliminary application of a ma- trix inversion method for radionuclide imaging. J. nucl. Med. 11, 613 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Carlsson,J.C.: Photoscanning afier simple changes in presend equipment. Radiology 71, 744 (1958)

    Google Scholar 

  64. Cassen, B.: Theory of the performance characteristics of radioisotope distribution imaging systems. J. nucl. Med. 5, 95 (1964)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Cassen, B.: Theory of scanning and imaging of radioisotope distributions. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 77. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  66. Cassen, B.: Image formation by electronic cross- time correlation of signals from angular ranges of unfocused collimating channels. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 107. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  67. Cassen,B.,Curtis, L., Reed, C.W., Libby, R.L.: Instrumentation for J-131 use in medical studies. Nucleonics 9, 46 (1951)

    Google Scholar 

  68. CEDERLUND, J.: Information theory and radioisotope scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 57. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  69. Charkes,N.D.,Gershon-COHEN, J.: Color television contrast expansion of photoscans. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 90, 406 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Charkes,N.D., Sklaroff, D.M.: The use of iodine-125 in thyroid scintiscanning. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 90, 1052 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Charkes, N.D., Somburanasin, R.: Stereoscinti- photography. J. nucl. Med. 9, 494 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. CHARLESTON, D.S., BECK, R.N.,EIDELBERG, F., SCHUH, M.W.: Techniques which aid in quantitative interpretation of scan data. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 509. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  73. Christie,J.H.,Macintyre, W.J.: Information limitations of radioisotope scanning. Radiology 79, 472 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  74. Christie,J.H.,Macintyre, W.J.: The comparison of colloidal gold 198 and colloidal gold 199 for liver scanning. J. nucl. Med. 4, 189 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  75. Christie,J.H.,Macintyre, W.J.: A comparison of line spread functions of five- and eight-inch colli- matiors with three-inch and tapered bore collimators. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 457. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  76. Christie, J.H., Macintyre, W.J., Gomez CRESPO, G., Koch-WESER,D.: Radioisotope scanning in hepatic cirrhosis. Radiology 81, 455 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Clarke, R.L., VAN Dyke, G.: Compton-scattered gamma rays in diagnostic radiography. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 247. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  78. Conrad, B., Horst, W.: Electronical modification of scintigrams and its limitations. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 491. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  79. Cooke, L., Cradduck, T.D., Hughson, E.J.,HUMMEL, R., THORSTEINSON, T.M.: A 10-inch- diameter gamma-camera based on delay-line arithmetic. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 181. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  80. Cooke, M.B.D., Kaplan, E.: Whole-body imaging and count profiling with a modified Anger camera. I. Principles and application. J. nucl. Med. 13, 899 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Cooke, M.B.D., Kaplan, E.: Whole-body imaging and count profiling with a modified Anger camera. II. Implementation evaluation. J. nucl. Med. 13, 903 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Cooper,P.H., Lerner, S.R., Pircher, F.J.: Unexpected deadtime losses in a modified rectilinear scanning system. J. nucl. Med. 14, 828 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Copeland, D.E., Benjamin, E.W.: Pinhole camera for gamma-ray sources. Nucleonics 5, 44 (1949)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Corey, K.R.: Some considerations for the use of pinhole collimators. J. nucl. Med. 15, 146 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Cottrall, M.F.,Flioni-Vyza, A.: Design of a scintillation camera tomographic system and investigations of its performance. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 381. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  86. Cottrall, M.F.,French, R.J., Trott, N.G.: Investigations of differential scanning techniques using two radionuclides. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 347. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  87. Courtial, J., Gandy, A.: Note sur la sensibilité et le pouvoir de résolution en scintigraphic. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 91. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  88. Cradduck, T.D.: Assessing the performance of radioisotope scanners. Data acquisition. J. nucl. Med. 9, 210 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Cradduck, T.D., Fedoruk, S.F.: A study of collimators for use in radio-isotope scanning techniques. J. Cand. Ass. Radiol. 13, 9 (1962)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Cradduck, T.D., Fedoruk, S.O.: An experimental determination of the overall spatial resolution of a scintillation camera. Phys. Med. Biol. 10, 67 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Crawley,J.C.W.,Veall, N.: The design and some clinical applications of a hybrid scanner. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 105. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  92. Curtis, L., Cassen, B.: Speeding up and improving contrast of thyroid scintigrams. Nucleonics 10, 58 (1952)

    Google Scholar 

  93. Cykowski,C.B., Kirch, D.L.,Polhemus, C.E., Brown, D.W.: Image enhancement of radionuclide scans by optical spatial filtering. J. nucl. Med. 12, 85 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Dance, D.R., Wilson, B.C., Parker, R.P.: Digital reconstruction of point sources imaged by a zone plate camera. Phys. Med. Biol. 20, 747 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Deland,F.H.,Mauderli, W.: Gating mechanism for motion-free liver and lung scintigraphy. J. nucl. Med. 13, 939 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Detko,J.F.: A prototype, ultra-pure germanium, orthogonal strip gamma-camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 241. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  97. Dewey,W.C., Heidelberg, J.G., Moore, W.B.: The use of a photocopying process for erasing the background of photoscans and accentuating dif- ferencesinopticaldensity.J.nucl.Med. 3, 128(1962)

    Google Scholar 

  98. Dewey,W.C.,LA Robadiere, R.: Statistics in pho- toscanning. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 94, 894 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Dewey, W.C., Sinclair, W.K.: Criteria for evaluating collimators used in “in-vivo” distribution studies with radioisotopes. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 10, 1 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Doering,P.,Kramer, K.: Die Bestimmung des Schilddrüsengewichts mit der Szintigraphie nach Gabe von Radiojod. Strahlentherapie 105, 245 (1958)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Does de Bye, J.A.W, van der: Analysis of the scintiscanning problem. Nucleonics 14, 128 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  102. Drenzo,S.E.,Zaklad, H., Budinger, T.P.: Analytical study of a high-resolution positron ring detector system for transaxial reconstruction tomography. J. nucl. Med. 16, 1166 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  103. Duggan,M.H.,Brice, J., Jones, E., Mallard, J.R., Myers, M.J.: Scanning techniques for brain- tumour localisation. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. II, S. 121. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  104. Ehrhardt, J.C., Oberlay, L.W.,Lensink, S.C.: Effect of a scattering medium on gamma-ray imaging. J. nucl. Med. 15, 943 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Endlich, H.L.: Some modifications of photo- scanning techniques. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 87, 156 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  106. Endlich, H.,Harper, P.V., Beck, R.N., Siemens, W.: The use of J-125 to increase isotope scanning resolution. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 87, 148 (1962)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. EPHRAIM, E.: Clinical photoscintillography: technique and applications. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 291. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  108. Fields,T.,Clayton,G.,Kenski,J.: New simple radiation scanning systems. Radiology 22,122 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  109. Fischer,J.,Wolf, R.: Die quantitative Abschätzung der Milzgröße mit Hilfe der Szintigraphie. Dtsche. med. Wschr. 88, 1430 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Fleming,W.H.,Mcillraith, J.D., King, E.R.: Medical scintillation scanning utilizing closed circuit TV contrast enhancement. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 87, 128 (1962)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Folichon, A., Gandy, A.: Etude d’un appareil automatique destiné à l’examen du corps thyroide au moyen de PI-131. J. Radiol. Electrol. 37, 334 (1956)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Forsaith,A.L., Horwitz, N.H., Lofstrom, J.E.,Izenstark, J.L., COOK, K.J.: Brain imaging with the Spintharicon. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 99. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  113. Freedman, G.S.: Tomography with a gamma camera. J. nucl. Med. 11, 602 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Freedman,G.S., Goodwin, P.N., Johnson, P.M., Pierson, JR. R.N.: The image intensifier scintillation camera and single-crystal camera: a comparative evaluation. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 31. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  115. Frost, D., Schuhmacher, W.: Verteilungsmessung radioaktiver Isotope. 1. Mitteilung. Strahlentherapie 103, 3 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  116. Frost, D., Schuhmacher, W.: Verteilungsmessung radioaktiver Isotope. 2. Mitteilung. Strahlentherapie 104, 1 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  117. Fucks, W., Knipping, H.W.: Eine Gamma-Re- tina zur Bestimmung der raumzeitlichen Verteilung radioaktiver Substanzen. Naturwissenschaften 42, 93 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  118. Galvin, J.M., Simmons, G.H.,Kereiakes, J.G.: A comparison of radioisotope imaging devices using plane source distributions. Phys. Med. Biol. 15, 735 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Genna, S., Farmelant, M.H., Burrows, B.A.: Improved scintiscan resolution without sensitivity loss: „constant-resolution” collimator. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 561. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  120. Genna, S., Teager, H.M., Shore, H.H., Zimmerman, S., Pang, S.C., Burrows, B.A.: Four-view computer scintiscanning: Image structuring through multi-window pulse-height analysis. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 132. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  121. Georgi, M., Scheer, K.E.: Die Szintigraphie der Leberoberfläche mit J-125-Verbindungen. Rad. Isot. in Klinik u. Forsch. VI, 146 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  122. Gillin, M.T.,Throll, J.H., Carcoran, R.J., Juhnson, M.C.: Evaluation of thyroid fluorescent scanning system of concentric source-detec- tor design. J. Nucl. Med. 18, 163 (1977)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Glass,H.I.,Hudson, F.R., French, M.T., Lavender, J.P.: A 70 mm-diameter germanium detector medical radioisotope scanner. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 79. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  124. Glass, H.I., Vernon, P.: A method of correcting for count rate losses in dynamic gamma camera studies. Phys. Med. Biol. 17, 843 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Goldsmith, S.J.: Image artifacts in tomographic gamma camera systems. J. nucl. Med. 14, 103 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Gongora, R., Gandy, A., Gongora,G., Jam-Met, H., Lemarquand, G.: Etude et construction d’un collimateur multifente et d’un collimateur focalisant pour un cristal de 127 mm de diamètre. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 217. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  127. Goodwin,D.A.,Menzimer, D., Del CASTILHO, R.: A dual-spectrometer system for high-efficiency imaging of multi-gamma emitting nuclides with the Anger gamma camera. J. nucl. Med. 11, 221 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. GOTTSCHALK, A., ANGER, H.O.: The sensitivity of the positron scintillation camera for detecting simulated brain tumors with gallium-68 EDTA. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 92, 1974 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  129. Graham, L.S., Poe, N.D.,Macdonald, N.S.: Collimation for imaging the myocardium. J. nucl. Med. 17, 401 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Graham, L.S., Poe, N.D., Robinson,JR. G.D.: Collimation for imaging the myocardium II. J. nucl. Med. 17, 719 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Gregg,E.C.: Modulation transfer function, information capacity and performance criteria of scintiscans. J. nucl. Med. 9, 116 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Gregg,E.C., Voelker, W.H.,Storash, J.: Basic concepts and design of a total information storage and data extraction system for radioisotope scanning. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 93, 733 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Gros,CH., Keiling, R.: De la scintigraphic. Principes et indications actuelles. J. Radiol. Electrol. 42, 297 (1961)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Gross,W., Schlesinger, E.B., DE Boves, S.: A scintillation camera for kinetic studies of the distribution of radioactive nuclides in the brain. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 410. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  135. Gursky, S.: Zur form- und größengetreuen Abbildung bei der Szintigraphie. Radiobiol. Radio- ther. 4, 613 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Haacke,W.,Wolf,R.,Fischer,J.,Goetsch,H.G.: Auswertung von Photoszintigrammen mit Hilfe einer Fernseheinrichtung. Nucl. Med. 4, 92 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  137. Harbert,J.C.,Ashburn, W.L.: Selection of polaroid film for scintigraphy. J. nucl. Med. 10, 127 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Harper,P.V.,Andros, G., Mac CARDLE,R.J.,Lathrop, K.A.: The use of 6 hour Tc-99 m as a clinical tracer material. Rad. Isot. in Klinik u. Forsch. VI, 136 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  139. Harper,P., Beck, R.N., Cohen, T.D.: Evaluation of scanning procedures in terms of information theory. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 289. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  140. Harper,P.V., Lathrop, K.A., Mac CARDLE, R.J., Andros, G.: The use of technetium-99 m as a clinical scanning agent for thyroid, liver and brain. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. II, S. 33. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  141. Harris,C.C., Bell, P.R.,Satterfield, M.M., Jordan, J.C.: Some important considerations in the use of low-energy gamma emitters in scanning. J. nucl. Med. 4, 183 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  142. Harris, C.C., Bell, P.R., Satterfield, M., Jordan, J.C., Ross, D.A.: Analysis of scan records with a recording densitometer—the,,re-scanner”. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 529. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  143. Harris, C.C., Bell, P.R., Satterfield, M.M., Ross, D.A., Jordan, J.C.: The design and performance of a large high-resolution focusing collimator. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 189. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  144. Harris, C.C., Jordan, J.C., Satterfield, M.M.,Goodrich,J.K.: A collimator for scanning with low-energy photons. J. nucl. Med. 5, 653 (1964)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Hawliczek, F., Zita, G.: Die Impuls-Zeitdis- krimination und ihre praktische Anwendung in der Szintigraphie. Nucl. Med. 3, 312 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  146. Hayes, M.: Comparison of gamma-ray imaging devices with a new three-dimensional phantom. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 523. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  147. Herbert, R.: Intensification of scintiscans by photocopying. Brit. J. Radiol. 36, 770 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Hill,TH.C.: Early clinical experience with a radioisotope computerized emission tomographic brain imager system. Radioaktive Isotope in Kli- nik u. Forschung 13, 299 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  149. Hine,G.J.,Patten, D.H., Burrows, B.A.: Contrast enhancement by multicolor print-out of thyroid, kidney, liver, and brain scans. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 465. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  150. Hine,G.J.,Tsialas, S.P.: Evaluation of focused collimator performance. III. Three- and five-inch- diameter collimators for 131J and 99mTc. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 487. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  151. Hine,G.J.,Vetter, H.: Evaluation of focusing collimator performance. Nucl. Med. 4, 333 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  152. Hiramoto,T.,Tanaka, E., Nohara,N.: A scintillation camera based on delay-time conversion. J. nucl. Med. 12, 160 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Hisada, K., Hizume, I., Matsudaira, M.: Using digital-computer circuitry for multinuclide scanning. J. nucl. Med. 9, 550 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Hoffer,P.B.,Charleston, D.B., Beck, R.N.,Gottschalk, A.: Fluorescent scanning: a new investigation technique. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 261. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  155. Hoffer,P.B.,Polcyn, R.E.,Moody, R., Lowe, H.J., Gottschalk, A.: Fluorescence detection: application to the study of cerebral blood flow. J. nucl. Med. 10, 651 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Hughes,D.,Hodt, H.J., Newberry, S.P., Shresni, R.C.: An automatic clinical scintillation scanner for large areas. Brit. J. Radiol. 33, 462 (1960)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Husak, V., Pernova, V., Kleinbauer, K.: Design of multichannel focused collimators for scintillation scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 574. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  158. Huttig, M.: Anger camera dead time. J. nucl. Med. 15, 468 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Iinuma,T.A.,Nagai, T.: Image restoration in radioisotope imaging systems. Phys. Med. Biol. 12, 501 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Iio, M.: Performance of focused collimators manufactured by three Japanese companies. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 473. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  161. Iio, M., Ueda,H.,Sasaki, T., Sugishita,Y.,Kumano, N., Kurihara, S., Kasmwasaki, M.,Miyashiro, S.: A multistage image intensifier gamma camera and radioisotope angiography. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 17. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  162. Ikebe,J.,Nawa, O.A.: Improvement of scintigram reliability by isocount scanning and multilevel analysis. J. nucl. Med. 16, 938 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Jammet, H., Gongora, R.,MorichèRE, J.,Des- NEIGES, P.: Etude d’une caméra à scintillations: description et applications cliniques. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 355. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  164. Jaszczak,R.J.: Line spread response for a scintillation camera and movable filter plate system. Phys. Med. Biol. 19, 362 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Jaszczak,R.J.: Increased resolving power from scintillation cameras using electronic signal processing and a movable filter plate. J. nucl. Med. 13, 14 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  166. Johannsson, S.AE., Skanse, R.: A photographic method of determining the distribution of radioactive material in vivo. Acta radiol. (Stockh.) 39, 317 (1953)

    Google Scholar 

  167. JOHNS,H.E.,CEDERLUND, J.F.: Basic principles of scintillation counting. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 41. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  168. Jones, R.H., Grenier, R.P., SABISTON JR., D.C.: Description of a new high count-rate gamma- camera system. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 299. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  169. Jonsson,L.,Larsson, L., Ragnhult, J.: A scanning apparatus for the localization of gamma emitting isotopes in vivo. Acta Radiol. (Stockh.) 47, 217 (1957)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Johnston, R.E., Brill, A.B.: Inherent problems in the quantitation of isotope scan data. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 617. IAEA, Vienna, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  171. Jordan, K., Winkler, C.: Elektronische und elektromagnetische Verfahren zur Aufnahme und Auswertung von Szintillogrammen. Rad. Isot. in Klinik u. Forsch. V, 67 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  172. Kakehi, H.: Problems of collimation. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 13. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  173. Kakehi, H., Arimizu, N., Uchiyama, G.: A new method for color scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 451. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  174. Kakehi, H., Arimizu, N., Uchiyama, G., Sae-Gusa, K., Tateno, Y.: Test patterns to determine sensitivity and resolution of scintigraphy. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 509. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  175. Kaplan, E., Ben-PORATH, M.: Clinical application of colour modulation of gamma energy and depth by dual-channel scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 375. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  176. Kaufman, L., Rindi, A., Sperinde, J.M., Wol- LENBERG, H.A.: Wire spark chambers for clinical imaging of gamma-rays. Phys. Med. Biol. 16, 417 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Kawin, B., Fingerhood, S., Cope, C.B.: Transmission of radioisotope scanner intelligence. J. nucl. Med. 4, 182 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  178. Kay, D.B., Keyes, J.W., Simon, W.: Radionuclide tomographic image reconstruction using Fourier transform techniques. J. nucl. Med. 15, 981 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Keller, E.I.: Optimum dimensions of parallel- hole, multiaperture collimators for gamma ray cameras. J. nucl. Med. 9, 233 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Keller, E.L., Coltman, W.: Modulation transfer and scintillation limitations in gamma-ray imaging. J. nucl. Med. 9, 537 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Kellershohn, C., Lansiart, A., Desgrez, A.: Deux nouveau types de détecteur pour caméra à rayons x ou gamma. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 333. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  182. Kellershohn, C., Peelerin,P.: Sur la possibilité d’obtenir l’autoradiographie d’un organe in vivo. C.R. Acad. Sci. 239, 111 (1954)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Kellershohn, C., Pellerin,P.: Scintillation grid localizes gamma emitters photographically. Nucleonics 13, 34 (1954)

    Google Scholar 

  184. Kellershohn, C., Peelerin, P.: Mise en évidence de la thyroide par l’iode radioactif au moyen d’une technique photographique utilisable en clinique. Bull. Ac. Méd. 138, 359 (1954)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Kellershohn, C., Pellerin, P.: Sur la possibilité d’utiliser un tube amplificateur d’image pour mettre en évidence la localisation et la distribution d’un corps radioactif. S.R. Soc. Biol. (Paris) 149, 533 (1955)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Kellershohn, C., Pellerin, P.: Collimation du rayonnement gamma par un canal cylindrique circulaire. J. Phys. Radium. 17, 81 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  187. Kemplay, J.R.: A digital data logging technique for medical radioisotope scanners. Phys. Med. Biol. 13, 413 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Knowles, L.G., Hart, E.F., Schulz, A.G.: Effect of line spacing and ratemeter averaging on lesion detection. J. nucl. Med. 13, 191 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Koral,K.F.,Rogers, W.L., Knoll, G.F.: Digital tomographic imaging with time modulated pseudorandom coded aperture and Anger camera. J. nucl. Med. 16, 402 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Krackow,K.A.,Gorten, R.J.: A computer simulation of the scanning process using a system response to line sourve distribution function. J. nucl. Med. 11, 523 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Kriss,J.P., Bonner, W.A.,Levinthal, E.C.: Variable timelapse videoscintiscope: a modification of the scintillation camera designed for rapid flow studies. J. nucl. Med. 10, 249 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. Kuhl,D.E.: Rotational scanning of the liver. Radiology 71, 875 (1958)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Kuhl,D.E.: Section scanning for image separation. Progress in Medical Radioisotope Scanning, Orins, Oak Ridge, Texas, 171 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  194. Kuhl,D.E.: A clinical radioisotope scanner for cylindrical and section scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 273. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  195. Kuhl,D.E., Influence of collimator design, photon energy and radiation dose on detection effectiveness in liver scanning. Phys. Med. Biol. 10, 51 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  196. Kuhl,D.E., Chamberlain, R.H.,Hale, J., Gor-Son, R.O.: High-contrast photographic recorder for scintillation counter scanning. Radiology 66, 730 (1956)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Kuhl, D.E.,Edwards, R.Q.: Image separation radioisotope scanning. Radiology 80, 653 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  198. Kuhl,D.E.,Edwards, R.Q.: Cylindrical and section scanning of the liver and the brain. Radiology 82, 201 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  199. Kuhl, D.E.,Edwards, R.Q., Ricci, A.R., Reiv- ICH, M.: Quantitative section scanning using orthogonal tangent correction. J. nucl. Med. 14, 196 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. KUHL, D.E.,EDWARDS, R.Q., Ricci, A.R., REI- VICH, M.: Quantitative section scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 347. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  201. Kulberg,G.H.,Van DIJK, N.: Improved resolution of the Anger scintillation camera through the use of threshold preamplifiers. J. nucl. Med. 13, 169 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Lange, D., Kober, B.: Adressen-Pile-up in Szin- tillationskameras und Datenspeichern. Medizinische Physik Ed. W. Lorenz Bd. 2, S. 85. Heidelberg: 1977

    Google Scholar 

  203. Lange,D.,Kober, B., Schenck, P., Engelken, G.: Totzeitverluste und Pile-up bei hohen Zählraten in Szintillationskameras. Radioaktive Isotope in Klinik u. Forschung 12, 557 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  204. Lansiart, A., Lequais, J., Roux, G.,Morucci, J.P., Gaucher, J.C.: Détecteur stationnaire à gaz et nouveau type de gammascope. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 87. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  205. Larsson, E.I., Liden, K.: Resolution components and differential linearity of a gamma camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 111. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  206. Laughlin,J.S.,Dorey, K.R., Greenberg, E., Kenny, P.J., Weber, D.A.: Localization and total body high energy gamma-ray scanning studies in cancer patients. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 253. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  207. Laughlin, J.S., Kenny, P.J., Weber, D.A.,Dwyer, A.J., Mayer, K., Greenberg, E.J., Di- MICH, A.B., Hasan, S.: Methods and applications of quantitative computer-analyzed scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 633. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  208. Laughlin, J.S., Weber, D.A., Kenny, P.J., Corey, K.R., Greenberg, E.: Total body scanning. Brit. J. Radiol. 37, 287 (1964)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Lee, V.W., Sano, R., Freedman, G.: Whole-body gamma camera imaging using a moving table accessory. J. nucl. Med. 14, 830 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Levy,L.M., Okezie, O.: Three-dimensional scintiscanning. J. nucl. Med. 4, 181 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  211. LORENZ, W.J., SCHMIDLIN, P., KAMPMANN, H.,OSTERTAG, H., ADAM, W.E., ARNOLD, H., MAIER- BORST, W.: Comparative investigations with the Anger scintillation camera and the digital auto- fluoroscope. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 135. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  212. Macey, D.J.: The uniformity of gamma cameras. Phys. Med. Biol. 17, 857 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Macintyre, W.J., Christie, J.H., Tatsuno, I.: The evaluation of straight bore, tapered, and focusing collimators as a function of gamma-ray energy. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 172. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  214. Macintyre, W.J., Fedoruk, S.O., Harris, C.C.,Kuhl, D.E., Mallard, J.R.: Sensitivity and resolution in radioisotope scanning: a report to the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 391. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  215. Macintyre, W.J., Friedell, H.L., Gomes CRES- PO, G., Rejall, A.M.: Visualization of internal organs by accentuation scintillation scanning techniques. Radiology 73, 329 (1959)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  216. Macintyre, W.J., Gomez CRESPO, G., Christie, J.H.: The use of counting rate profile in radioisotope scanning. J. nucl. Med. 1, 262 (1960)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Macintyre, W.J., Houser, T.S.: A method for the visualization of the configuration and structure of the liver. Part B. Counting rate cut-off circuit for increasing contrast in automatic scanning. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 77, 471 (1957)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Macintyre,W.J.,Rejall, A.M.,Christie, J.H., Gott, F.S., Houser, T.S.: Techniques for the visualization of internal organs by automatic radioisotope scanning systems. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 3, 193 (1958)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Malamud, H.: Filter to correct for inverse square law non-uniformity in the pinhole collimator. J. nucl. Med. 13, 861 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Mallard,J.R.,Duggan, M.H., Myers, M.J., Wilks, R.J.: An analysis of quantitative colour display for scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 423. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  221. Mallard, J.R., Myers, M.J.: The performance of a gamma camera for the visualization of radioactive isotopes in vivo. Phys. Med. Biol. 8, 165 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Mallard,J.R.,Peachey, C.J.: A quantitative automaticbody scanner for the localisation of radioisotopes in vivo. Brit. J. Radiol. 32, 652 (1958)

    Google Scholar 

  223. Mallard,J.R.,Peachey, C.J.: Quantitative photorecording system for radioisotope area scanners. J. nucl. Med. 1, 83 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  224. Mallard, J.R., Wilks, R.J.: Characteristics of display systems in scanning and a simple phantom procedure to evaluate over-all scanner performance. J. nucl. Med. 9, 96 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Mallard, J.R., Wilks, R.J.: The Aber-gamma- scope: an image intersifier gamma camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 3. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  226. Mallard, J.R., Wilks, R.J., Corfield, J.R.,Look, V.: Visualization in scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 305. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  227. Mante,C.M.,Allen, F.H., Verdon,JR. T.A.: Photoscan reversal—a valuable aid in photoscan interpretation. J. nucl. Med. 9, 610 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Matthews, C.M.E.: Comparison of coincidence scanning and focusing collimators with various isotopes in brain tumor detection. Brit. J. Radiol. 37, 431 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  229. Matthews, C.M.E.: Comparison of isotopes for scanning. J. nucl. Med. 6, 155 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Mayer, R.E.: A low-energy multihole converging collimator compared with a pinhole collimator. J. nucl. Med. 15, 59 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  231. Mayneord,W.V.,Newbery, S.P.: An automatic method of studying the distribution of activity in a source of ionizing radiations. Brit. J. Radiol. 25, 589 (1952)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  232. Mc AFEE, J.G., Mozley, J.M.: Longitudinal tomographic radioisotopic imaging with a scintillation camera: theoretical considerations of a new method. J. nucl. Med. 10, 654 (1969)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. Mc KEIGHEN, R.E.: Gamma camera collimation. J. nucl. Med. 15, 1226 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Mc KEIGHEN, R.E., Muehllehner, G., Mayer, R.A.: Gamma camera collimator considerations for imaging 123J. J. nucl. Med. 15, 328 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  235. Mc RAE, J., Anger, H.O.: Transmission scinti- photography and its applications. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 57. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  236. Meschan,I.,Taylor, C.F.: Adaptation of polaroid x-ray paper prints to radioisotope scanner techniques. Radiology 70, 868 (1958)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Metz, C.E.: On the differential method of image focusing. J. nucl. Med. 11, 142 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  238. Metz, C.E., Beck, R.N.: Quantitative effects of stationary linear image processing on noise and resolution of structure in radionuclide images. J. nucl. Med. 15, 164 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  239. Metz, C.E., Tsui, M.W., Beck, R.N.: Theoretical prediction of the geometric transfer function for focused collimators. J. nucl. Med. 15, 1078 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. Miller, E.R., Schofield, N.E.: Studies with ra- dioiodine: IV. Collimating cones for crystal counters. Radiology 65, 96 (1955)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  241. Miraldi,F.,Yon, E.T., Rejall, A.: A line-detector radioisotope scanner with tomographic capabilities. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 12. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  242. Mitchell, J.G., Mallard, J.R., Egerton, L.B., Caldwell, A.B.,Lakshmaman, A.V., Nunan, C., Turnbull, W.: Towards a fine-resolution image- intensifier gamma-camera: the Aber-gamma- scope. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 157. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  243. Monahan, W.G., Beattle, J.W., Powell, M.D., Laughlin, J.S.: Total organ kinetic imaging monitor: system design and applications. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 285. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  244. Moody, N.F., Joy, M., Paul, W.: An image in- tensifier gamma-ray camera and its variants. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 255. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  245. Moretti,J.L.,Mensch, B., Guey, A., Dresgrez, A.: Comparative assays of scintillation cameras (Type Anger). Report Nuclear Medicine Institute, Cleveland, Ohio (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  246. Morrison,L.M.,Bruno, F.P., Mauderli, W.: Sources of gamma camera image inequalities. J. nucl. Med. 12, 785 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  247. Morrison, R.T.,Olde, G.,Louis, H., Evans, T.C.: Color coding counting-rate data on ektacolor paper-a new technique. J. nucl. Med. 9, 140 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  248. Muehllehner, G.: A tomographic scintillation camera. Phys. Med. Biol. 16, 455 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  249. Muehllehner, G.: Positron camera with extended counting rate capability. J. nucl. Med. 16, 653 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  250. Muehllehner,G.,Dudek, J., Moyer, R.: Influence of hole shape on collimator performance. Phys. Med. Biol. 21, 242 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  251. Muehllehner, G., Jaszczak, R.J.: The reduction of coincidence loss in radionuclide imaging cameras through the use of composite filters. Phys. Med. Biol. 19, 504 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  252. Muehllehner, G., Luig, H.: Septal penetration in scintillation camera collimators. Phys. Med. Biol. 18, 855 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  253. Muehllehner, G., Wetzel, R.A.: Section imaging by computer calculation. J. nucl. Med. 12, 76 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  254. Mulder,H.,Pauwels, E.K.J.: A new nuclear medicine scintillation camera based on image-in- tensifier tubes. J. nucl. Med. 17, 1008 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  255. Murphy,P.,Arseneau, R., Mason, E., Thompson, W.: Clinical significance of scintillation camera electronics capable of high processing rates. J. nucl. Med. 18, 175 (1977)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  256. Morphy, P.H.,Burdine, J.A., Mayer, R.A.: Converging collimation and a large-field of view scintillation camera. J. nucl. Med. 16, 1152 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  257. Murray,P.,Thompson, J.A.: The use of the gamma camera in the investigation of thyroid disorders. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 90, 345 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. Myers,M.J.,Keyes, W.L., Mallard, J.R.: An analysis of tomographic scanning systems. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 331. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  259. Myers,M.J.,Mallard, J.R.: Some long focusing „depth-independent“ collimators for in-vivo radioisotope scanning. Int. J. Appi. Rad. Isot. 15, 725 (1964)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  260. Myers, W.G.: Scintillation camera for in vivo studies of dynamic processes. J. nucl. Med. 4, 182 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  261. Myers, W.G.: Dynamic studies with a gamma- ray scintillation camera. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 388. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  262. Myers,W.G.,Vanderleeren, J.C.: Radioiodine- 125. J. nucl. Med. 1, 149 (1960)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  263. MYHILL,J.: Theory of multichannel collimator scintillation detectors. Int. J. Appi. Rad. Isot. 12, 10(1961)

    Google Scholar 

  264. Nagai,T.,Fukuda, N., Iinuma, T.A.: Com- puter-focusing using an appropriate Gaussian function. J. nucl. Med. 10, 209 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  265. Nagai, T., Iinuma, A., Koda, S.: Computer-focusing for area scans. J. nucl. Med. 9, 507 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  266. Nentwig, G.: Die Eigenschaften einiger Kollimatoren für den Einsatz im Szintiscanner. Kernenergie 5, 542 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  267. Nentwig, G., Dressler, E., Correns, H.J.: Zur Frage der Abbildungstreue in der Szintigraphie. Radiobiol. Radiother. 5, 121 (1964)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  268. Newell,R.R., Saunders, W.,Miller, E.: Multichannel collimators for gamma ray scanning scintillation counters. Nucleonics 10, 36 (1952)

    Google Scholar 

  269. Nohara,N.,Tanaka, E., Hiramato,T.,Ku- MANO, N., Kakegawa, M.: High-resolution scinticamera based on delay-line time conversion. J. nucl. Med. 12, 635 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  270. Nohara,N.,Tomitani, T., Tanaka, E.: Analog image processing in two dimensions by omnidirectional scanning. J. nucl. Med. 15, 844 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  271. Oberhausen, E., Neumann, K.J.,Schiffler, W.: Method for adjusting the Anger camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 145. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  272. Oberley,L.W., Ehrhardt, J.C.,Lensink, S.C.: The variable base line scanner. Phys. Med. Biol. 17, 630 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  273. Radikal, T.N., Ahsare,A.B., Kereiakes,J.G.: Field flood uniformity correction: benefits or pitfalls? J. nucl. Med. 17, 653 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  274. Paix, D.: Pinhole imaging of gamma rays. Phys. Med. Biol. 12, 489 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  275. Parker,R.P.: Degradation of spatial resolution in gamma cameras employing sodium iodide or germanium detectors. Phys. Med. Biol. 15, 493 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  276. Parker, R.P.,Gunnerson, E.M., Ellis, R.,Bell, J.: A semiconductor gamma-camera: assessment of results. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 193. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  277. Parker, R.P.,Gunnerson, E.M., Wankling, J.L., Ellis, R.: A semiconductor gamma camera with quantitative output. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 71. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  278. Payne, J.T., Reinke, D., Loken, M.K.: Tomography using an unmodified Anger camera. J. nucl. Med. 15, 439 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  279. Perinova, V., Husak, V.: Remarks on the concept „resolution" in scintillation scanning. Phys. Med. Biol. 12, 333 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  280. Peterson, R.E., Jackson, H.L.: Laminographic scans with focused collimators of 10- and 20-cm focal length. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 235. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  281. Phelps, M.E., Hoffman, E.J., Huang, S.C., Ter- POGOSSIAN, M.M.: Effect of positron range on spatial resolution. J. nucl. Med. 16, 649 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  282. Phelps,M.E., Hoffman, E.J., Mullani, H.A., Ter-POGOSSIAN, M.M.: Application of annihilation coincidence detection to transaxial reconstruction tomography. J. nucl. Med. 16, 210 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  283. Pochin, E.E.: Profile counting. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 143. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  284. Popovic, S.: Survey of properties and parameters of focusing collimators. Brit. J. Radiol. 38, 3169 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  285. Poretti, G.G.: Positronenscintigraphie. Radiol. Clin. (Basel) 31, 213 (1962)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  286. PräG, R.: Automatische Aufzeichnung der Verteilung von Radioisotopen im Körper. Strahlentherapie 110, 3 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  287. PräG, R.: Trägheitslose Kontrastverstärkung bei der Szintigraphie. Strahlentherapie 119, 569 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  288. Profio,A.E.,Cho, Z.H.: Semiconductor camera for detection of small tumors. J. nucl. Med. 16, 53 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  289. RAYNAUD, C, DESGREZ, A., KELLERSHOHN, C.: Exploration rénale à l’aide de la neohydrine et du bichlorure de mercure marqués aux mercures radioactifs Hg-197 et Hg-203. Rad. Isot. in Klinik u. Forsch. V, 317 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  290. Reese, I.C., Mishkin, F.S.: Direct recording of rectilinear scan images on 4 × 5-in. film. J. nucl. Med. 17, 937 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  291. Rogers,W.I.,Han, K.S., Jones, L.W.,Beier- WALTES, W.H.: Application of a Fresnel zone plate to gamma-ray imaging. J. nucl. Med. 13, 612 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  292. Rollo, F.D., Schulz, A.G.: A contrast efficiency function for quantitatively measuring the spatial- resolution characteristics of scanning systems. J. nucl. Med. 11, 53 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  293. Rollo, F.D., Schulz, A.G.: Effect of pulse- height selection on lesion detection performance. J. nucl. Med. 12, 690 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  294. Ronai, P.M., Kirch, D.L.: Rapid rigorous computation of modulation transfer function with a pocket calculator. J. nucl. Med. 18, 579 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  295. Ross, R.D., Cradduck, T.D.: Line source response function measurements and modulation transfer function calculations performed on some Nuclear-Chicago and Ohio-Nuclear collimators. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 437. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  296. Ross, D.A., SATTERFIELD, M.M., JORDAN, J.C., HARRIS, C.C., BELL, P.R.: Low-energy gamma emitters in scanning and other clinical applications. Rad. Isot. in Klinik u. Forsch. VI, 108 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  297. Sanders, T.P., Sanders, T.D., Kuhl, D.E.: Optimizing the window of an Anger camera for 99mTc. J. nucl. Med. 12, 703 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  298. Santon, L.W., Prato, F.S.,Aspin, N.: Longdistance transmission of digital scintillation camera signals. J. nucl. Med. 17, 394 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  299. Scheer, K.E., Zum WINKEL, K.: Phasenbilder renaler Ausscheidung mit der Szintillationskamera. Nucl. Med. 4, 300 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  300. Scheid WEILER, A., Theunissen, E.: Abbildung der raumzeitlichen Verteilung von radioaktiven Substanzen mit Hilfe einer konischen Gamma- Retina als Bildgeber. Z. Naturforsch. 15 b, 759 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  301. Schepers, H., Winkler, C.: An automatic scanning-system, using tape perforator and computer techniques. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 321. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  302. Schmidlin, P.: Three-dimensional scintigraphy with an Anger camera and a digital computer. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 409. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  303. Schmitz-FEUERHAKE, I.: Studies in three-dimensional scintigraphy with gamma-gamma-coincidences. Phys. Med. Biol. 15, 649 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  304. Schulz, A.G.,Knowles, L.G., Kohlenstein, L.C., Mucci, R.F.,Yates, W.A.: Quantitative assessment of scanning-system parameters. J. nucl. Med. 11, 61 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  305. Shimmins,J.G.,Sumner, D.J., Hall, I.E.: Experimental study of profile scanning optimization. J. nucl. Med. 14, 895 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  306. Silverstein, E.M., Turner, D.A., Fordham, E.W.,Chung-BIN, A.: Cardiac blood pool imaging over the complete cardiac cycle with a multi- format imager. J. nucl. Med. 18, 159 (1977)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  307. Simmons,G.H.,Christenson, J.M., Kereiakes, J.G., Bahr,G.K.: A non-linear programming method for optimizing parallel-hole collimator design. Phys. Med. Biol. 20, 771 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  308. Simmons,G.H.,Hunkar, D.E., Kereiakes, J.G.: A digital ratemeter system for rectilinear scanning. J. nucl. Med. 11, 610 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  309. Simons, H.A.B.: A comparison between collimator theory, extended to allow for the effect of wall penetration and experiment. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 115. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  310. Simons, H.A.B.: The effect of radiation penetration on collimator response. Brit. J. Radiol. 38, 316b (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  311. Simons, H.A.B., Bailey, J.M.: An investigation into the usefulness of „figure of merit“ as a criterion of a collimating system. Phys. Med. Biol. 12, 29 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  312. Sinner, W.: Technik, Indikation und Grenzen der Szintigraphie. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 91, 1494 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  313. Smith, E.M., Katchis,JR. L.: Multifunction digital research scanning system. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I S. 187. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  314. Smith, R.O.: Dot scanning using logarithmic tapper and adjacent area averaging. J. nucl. Med. 9, 447 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  315. Sorenson, J.A.: Dead time characteristics of Anger cameras. J. nucl. Med. 16, 284 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  316. Sorenson, J.A.: Methods of correcting Anger camera deadtime losses. J. nucl. Med. 17, 137 (1976)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  317. Sparchez, T., Gheorghescu, B., Steclaci, A.,Merculiev, E., Popovici, M.: Le scintigramme en couleurs du foie. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 473. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  318. Spector,S.S.,Brookeman, V.A., Kylstra, C.D., Diaz, N.J.: Analysis and correction of spatial distortions produced by the gamma camera. J. nucl. Med. 13, 307 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  319. Spiegler, P.: Approximate expression for the geometric response and the index of resolution of focused collimators. J. nucl. Med. 12, 547 (1971).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  320. Spiegler, P.: The index of resolution when septal penetration is important. J. nucl. Med. 13, 115 (1972).

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  321. Strauss, M.G., Sherman, I.A.: Gamma-ray camera using a coaxial germanium detector. J. nucl. Med. 13, 767 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  322. Svedberg, J.B.: Image quality of a gamma camera system. Phys. Med. Biol. 13, 597 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  323. Svedberg, J.B.: Improved pulse arithmetics for a gamma camera system. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 115, IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  324. Svedberg, J.B.: On the intrinsic resolution of a gamma camera system. Phys. Med. Biol. 17, 514 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  325. Sveinsdattir, E., Larsen, B., Rommer, P., Lassen, N.A.: A multidetector scintillation camera with 254 channels. J. nucl. Med. 18, 168 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  326. Sweet, W.H., Brownell, G.L.: Localization of intracranial lesions by scanning with positron- emitting arsenic. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 157, 1183 (1955)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  327. Sweet,W.H., Meyley,JR. J., Brownell,G.L., Arnow, S.: Coincidence scanning with positron- emitting arsenic and copper in the diagnosis of focal intracranial disease. Medical Radioisotope Scanning, S. 163. IAEA, Vienna 1959

    Google Scholar 

  328. Tanaka,E.,Hiromao, T., Nahara,N.: Scintillation cameras based on new position arithmetics. J. nucl. Med. 11, 542 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  329. Tanaka,E.,Nohara, N., Kumano, N., Kake-Gawa, M.: A large, high-resolution scintillation camera based on delay-line time conversion. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 169. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  330. Tauxe,W.N.,Dolan, C.T.: A double-isotope approach to the estimation of depth of source in scintigraphic matrices. J. nucl. Med. 10, 188 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  331. Teates,C.D.: Enlarging gamma-camera scans. J. nucl. Med. 9, 64 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  332. Ter-POGOSSIAN, M.: The Magnacamera: an image intensifier radioisotope camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 151. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  333. Ter-POGOSSIAN, M.M., Eichling, J.O.: Autofluo- rography with an x-ray image amplifier. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 411. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  334. Ter-POGOSSIAN,M.M.,Kastner, J., Vest, T.B.: Autofluorography of the thyroid gland by means of image amplification. Radiology 81, 984 (1963)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  335. Thomas, F.D.,Beierwaltes, W.H., Knoll, G.F., Jones, L.W., Colvin, T.H., Colestock, H.E.: A new scintillation camera. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 43. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  336. Thomson,J.A.: Studies with a gamma camera. Brit. J. Radiol. 38, 318c (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  337. Tothill, P.: Limitations of the use of the geometric mean to obtain depth independence in scan ning and whole body counting. Phys. Med. Biol. 19, 382 (1974)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  338. Tsialas, S.P.,Hine, G.J.: Collimator characteristics for radioisotope scanning. J. nucl. Med. 11, 100 (1970)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  339. Tsialas, S.P.,Psarrakos, K.A.: Experimental methods for determining the septum penetration of focused collimators. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 43. IAEA, Vienna 1973

    Google Scholar 

  340. Tubiana, M., Albarede,P.: Quelques problèmes posés par la gammagraphie. Ann. Radiol. 5, 173 (1962)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  341. Turner, P.C.R.: The positron scintillation camera. Brit. J. Radiol. 38, 316 d (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  342. Verdon,JR. T.A., Allen,F.H.: Dynapix: a new concept in rapid rectilinear scanning. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 177. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  343. Vetter,H.G.,Pizer, S.M.: A measure for radioisotope scan quality. J. nucl. Med. 12, 526 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  344. Wagner,JR. H.N., Mcafee, J.G., Mozley, J.M.: Medical Radioisotope Scanning. J.A.M.A. 174, 162 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  345. Walker,W.G.: Design and analysis of scintillation-camera lead collimators using a digital computer. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 545. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  346. Walker,W.G.: A practical figure of merit in radioisotope imaging. J. nucl. Med. 10, 610 (1969)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  347. Walton,P.W.: An aperture imaging system with instant decoding and tomographic capabilities. J. nucl. Med. 14, 861 (1973)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  348. Webber, M.M.: Scintiscanning with low-energy photon emitters. Radiology 85, 116 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  349. Webber, M.M.: A method for increasing the contrast and the definition of scintigrams. Int. J. Appl. Rad. Isot. 5, 71 (1959)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  350. Wellman,H.N.,Hunkar, D., Kereiakes, J.,Saenger, E.L.: A new concept in dynamic-func- tion studies—quantitative cine-scintivideography. J. nucl. Med. 9, 420 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  351. Westerman, B.R., Glass, H.I.: Physical specification of a gamma camera. J. nucl. Med. 9, 24 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  352. Wilcox,F.W., Edgar, W.H., Brown, W.R.: Collimator selection for scintillation camera brain scanning. J. nucl. Med. 10, 297 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  353. Wilks, R.: Survey of 5 in. and 7 in. gamma camera and Bender autofluoroscope. Brit. J. Radiol. 38, 316c (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  354. Wicks, R., Blau, M.: The effect of window fraction on the dead-time of Anger cameras: Concise communication. J. nucl. Med. 18, 732 (1977)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  355. Wilks, R.J.: The image formation of detectors from the incident gamma-ray flux. Phys. Med. Biol. 13, 585 (1968)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  356. Wilks, R.J., Mallard, J.R.: A high-resolution, small diameter image intensifier gamma camera system. Phys. Med. Biol. 12, 251 (1967)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  357. Williams, J.P.: A simple marking device for use with the gamma camera. J. nucl. Med. 12, 300 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  358. Williams, E.D.,Glass, H.L., Arnot, R.N., DE Garreta,A.C.: A dual detector scanner for quantitative uptake and organ volume studies. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 665. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

  359. Wilson, R.C., Parker, R.P.,Dance, D.R.: Digital processing of images from a zone plate camera. Phys. Med. Biol. 20, 757 (1975)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  360. Winkler,C, Schepers, H.: Eine Methode zur elektromagnetischen Impulsspeicherung bei der scintillographischen Isotopendiagnostik. Nucl. Med. 2, 67 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  361. Wolf, R.: Die Szintigraphie. Radiologe 5, 345 (1965)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  362. Wolf,R.: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen szin- tigraphischer Untersuchungsmethoden. Habil. Schrft. Mainz 1966

    Google Scholar 

  363. Wolf, R., Fischer, J.: Studies on the relationship of organ size and scanning picture. Medical Radioisotope Scanning Vol. I, S. 141. IAEA, Vienna 1964

    Google Scholar 

  364. Wolf, R., Fischer, J.: Erfahrungen mit der Color-Szintigraphie. Fortschr. Röntgenstr. 101, 644 (1964)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  365. Wolf, R., Fischer, J.: Physikalische Probleme der Milzszintigraphie. Fortschr. Röntgenstr. 102, 319 (1965)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  366. Wyper, D.J., Gillespie, F.C.: Quantitative method of evaluating focused collimators. J. nucl. Med. 12, 197 (1971)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  367. Wyper,D.J.,Gillespie, P.C., Hall, I.: Method for reducing the energy dependence of the resolution of focused collimators. J. nucl. Med. 13, 19 (1972)

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  368. Yagan,R.,Macintyre, W.J., Chamberlain, W.B., Christie, J.H.: Estimation of liver size by multiple cut-off scanning technique. J. nucl. Med. 2, 151 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  369. Yasukochi,H.,Ishikawa, D., Yamazaki, T., Miyamae, T., Lin, S.: Comparison of the diagnostic values of camera and scanner scintigrams. Medical Radioisotope Scintigraphy Vol. I, S. 529. IAEA, Vienna 1969

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. R. Wolf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Nuklearmedizin und spezielle Biophysik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Karl-Wiechert-Allee 9, D-3000, Hannover 61, Deutschland

    H. Hundeshagen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wolf, R. (1980). Szintigraphie-Kamera. In: Hundeshagen, H. (eds) Nuklearmedizin / Nuclear Medicine. Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie / Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology, vol 15 / 1 / A. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81186-9_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81186-9_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-81187-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-81186-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation