Zusammenfassung
Der Dickdarm (Colon) umgibt rahmenförmig das Dünndarmkonvolut. Er wird unterteilt in Caecum, Colon ascendens, Colon transversum, Colon descendens, Colon sigmoideum und Rectum. Das Colon transversum und sein Gekröse, das Mesocolon transversum bilden die Grenze zwischen oberer und unterer Bauchhöhle. Um sich die untere Bauchhöhle und ihren Inhalt, vornehmlich also den Dünndarm, zugänglich zu machen, ist das Colon transversum mit dem Netz in die Höhe zu schlagen. Der dem Caecum adhärente Processus vermiformis (Appendix vermicularis) gehört dem Dickdarm an. Seine Erkrankungen werden gesondert behandelt, da sie, abgesehen von ihrer klinischen Häufigkeit, eine Einheit darstellen. Drei anatomische Merkmale kennzeichnen das Colon: Tänien, Haustren und Appendices epiploicae. Sie sind das Unterscheidungsmerkmal gegenüber dem Dünndarm. Dagegen ist der unter normalen Bedingungen meist größere Durchmesser des Dickdarmes kein verläßliches Zeichen, da auch der Dünndarm beispielsweise vor einer Stenose armdick werden kann.
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Pichlmaier, H. (1975). Die Eingriffe an Dickdarm, Mastdarm und Anus. In: Zenker, R., et al. Die Eingriffe in der Bauchhöhle. Allgemeine und spezielle chirurgische Operationslehre, vol 7 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80969-9_6
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