Abstract
Lipopeptides of bacterial origin constitute potent immunoadjuvants in vitro and in vivo when given in combination with antigens [1–3]. Parenteral application of the lipopeptide P3CSK4, shown in Fig. 1, enhanced the humoral immune response in mice towards trinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin in a manner comparable to Freund’s adjuvant [4]. The high adjuvanticity of the lipopeptides has also been demonstrated in rabbits, chicken, sheep and other species for a great variety of protein antigens ([1] and unpublished results). Using lipopeptides, we recently developed an immunization method to induce a humoral immune response against molecules of molecular weights lower than about 1000 Da, which are normally nonimmunogenic. Up to now, to induce an immune response against these compounds, the haptens had to be coupled to carrier molecules such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), ovalbumin (OVA), albumin, or poly-L-lysine (see [1]). However, we covalently linked haptens or low-molecular-weight antigens to synthetic lipopeptides, which served as carriers with built-in adjuvant activity, and applied the conjugates for immunization. Using this approach, we obtained high antibody titers after only one immunization [1,5–7]. Our immunization protocol was also used successfully for the production of human monoclonal antibodies after in vitro application of the antigen adjuvant conjugates [8]. Recently, we described lipopeptides as adjuvants for oral administration: orally applied antigen-adjuvant mixtures showed remarkable immunogenicity. This finding could be of importance for the further optimization of oral immunization procedures, and for the development of novel synthetic vaccines.
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References
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Bessler, W.G. et al. (1998). Synthetic Lipopeptides of Bacterial Origin as Novel and Efficient Adjuvants for Parenteral and Oral Immunization. In: Eibl, M.M., Huber, C., Peter, H.H., Wahn, U. (eds) Symposium in Immunology VII. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80466-3_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80466-3_5
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