Abstract
In heavily contaminated rivers like the Elbe, sediments are highly polluted and may act as a long-term source of trace elements for the bottom water. A flux from the sediment to the bottom water is caused by diffusion processes from the much higher concentration of contaminants in the interstitial water. This higher concentration is due to mineralization processes as well as by direct degradation of organic substances at sediment surface and the release of the trace elements bound on it. On the other hand, in the oxic boundary layer the trace elements can be fixed both by possible formation of new organic matter and by adsorption and co-precipitation on freshly formed hydrous ferric oxide (Petersen et al. 1993). Again these hydrous ferric oxides can be dissolved under anoxic condition by reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and thus causing a release of trace elements to the water phase.
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Petersen, W., Wallmann, K., Li, P., Schroeder, F., Knauth, HD. (1996). The Influence of Diagenetic Processes on the Exchange of Trace Contaminants at the Sediment-Water Interface. In: Calmano, W., Förstner, U. (eds) Sediments and Toxic Substances. Environmental Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79890-0_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79890-0_2
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