Abstract
Strand and Hov (1994b) have estimated that the amount of NOx injected in the free troposphere by rapid transport from the planetary boundary layer in connection with convective clouds and frontal circulation is about 0.6 TgN/yr, and in addition about the same amount of other NOy compounds is injected. For comparison, the various sources at the ground total 34 TgN/yr of NOx. The strength of the lightning source was assumed to be 3 TgN/yr. The total release of NOx from aircraft is reported to be 0.58 TgN/yr. NOx transported downwards from the stratosphere where it is formed through the decomposition of N2O has been estimated to contribute about 0.34 TgN/yr. In a 3-D mesoscale chemistry model for Europe during the time period July 1 to 10, 1991, NOx brought to the upper troposphere by convective transport was calculated to be the dominant contributor to the chemical formation of ozone there, while aircraft emissions of NOx also made a significant contribution. Without aircraft or convective NOx in the upper troposphere the in-situ ozone formation was calculated to be modest.
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Hov, Ø., Flatøy, F., Strand, A. (1995). The Role of Convection in the Vertical Distribution of Ozone and Precursors in the Troposphere. In: Wang, WC., Isaksen, I.S.A. (eds) Atmospheric Ozone as a Climate Gas. NATO ASI Series, vol 32. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79869-6_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79869-6_14
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