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The Role of Endothelin in Congestive Heart Failure

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Book cover The Endothelium in Cardiovascular Disease

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Abstract

Endothelin (ET) is an endothelium-derived peptide that produces sustained contraction of arterial and venous vascular smooth muscle in vitro [1, a]. The endothelins which are comprised of three distinct isoforms, ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3 are widely distributed and mediate their biological actions by interacting with at least two receptors which have been cloned and well characterized [3, 4]. The endothelin-A (ETA) receptor which is widely distributed and preferentially expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells mediates potent vasoconstrictor actions and binds preferentially the ET-1 isoform [5]. The endothelin-B (ETB) receptor which is preferentially expressed in vascular endothelial cells and binds all three identified endothelin isoforms, ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3, and when activated releases nitric oxide and prostacyclin [5]. Studies have also demonstrated in vitro that ET may enhance smooth muscle and cardiac cell growth supporting a role for ET in cell hypertrophy [6, 7]. In vivo investigations have repeatedly established that pharmacologic concentrations of ET result in potent coronary, renal and systemic vasoconstriction associated with activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) [8, 9]. Such actions are consistent with a role for ET as an important cardiovascular regulatory peptide of endothelial origin.

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Authors
  1. A. L. Clavell
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  2. J. C. Burnett Jr.
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung Kardiologie, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Thomas F. Lüscher

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Clavell, A.L., Burnett, J.C. (1995). The Role of Endothelin in Congestive Heart Failure. In: Lüscher, T.F. (eds) The Endothelium in Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79803-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79803-0_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-79805-4

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