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Loop Diuretics

  • Chapter
Diuretics

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 117))

Abstract

Loop diuretics are the most potent diuretics and saluretics known. The term “loop” diuretics was introduced only after their invention and introduction into therapy when it was recognized in 1973 that they act in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle (Burg et al. 1973). Another term for these diuretics is “high-ceiling” diuretics, a term based on the finding that diuresis and saluresis increase dose dependently over a wide range of dosages, i.e., diuresis and saluresis continue to increase almost linearly when dosage is increased. This is valid until a diuresis of 20%-30% of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is achieved. Then, even for the “high-ceiling” diuretics, the dose-response curve levels off. The term was introduced to distinguish this group of diuretics from the thiazide group, which have a much lower “ceiling effect” of less than 10% of GFR (see Chap. 8, this volume). These, consequently, have been named “low-ceiling” diuretics.

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Authors
  1. R. Greger
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Physiologisches Institut, der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 7, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Rainer F. Greger

  2. Medizinische Klinik I Gastroenterologie-Kardiologie-Nephrologie, St. Bernward Krankenhaus Hildesheim, Treibestr. 9, D-31134, Hildesheim, Germany

    H. Knauf

  3. Pharmakologisches Institut für Naturwissenschaftler, Biozentrum Niederursel, Gebäude N 260, Marie-Curie-Str. 9, D-64271, Frankfurt, Germany

    E. Mutschler

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Greger, R. (1995). Loop Diuretics. In: Greger, R.F., Knauf, H., Mutschler, E. (eds) Diuretics. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 117. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79565-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79565-7_7

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