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Grundlagen immunologischer Vorgänge beim Plattenepithelkarzinom im Kopf-Hals-Bereich — Diagnostik und Ursachen

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Book cover Teil I: Referate

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Zusammenfassung

Mehr als 80% aller malignen Erkrankungen im KopfHals-Bereich sind Plattenepithelkarzinome. Patienten mit solchen Tumoren zeigen klinisch einen sehr unterschiedlichen Verlauf: Einige entwickeln erst im fortgeschrittenen Stadium regionäre und/oder Fernmetastasen bzw. erholen sich auch nach großen chirurgischen Eingriffen wieder sehr schnell, während andere bei sehr kleinen Tumoren und gleicher Lokalisation schon sehr früh regionäre Metastasen aufweisen oder sich unter der Behandlung fulminant in bezug auf das Tumorwachstum, ein Rezidiv oder eine Metastasierung verschlechtern. Entsprechend dem Konzept der Immunüberwachung nach Thomas, welches von Burnet [119, 120] weiter ausgeführt wurde, sollen neoplastische Zellen häufig und ständig entstehen; Tumoren können sich jedoch erst dann entwickeln, wenn das Immunsystem so geschwächt ist, daß die maligne entarteten Zellen sich der Kontrolle des Immunsystems entziehen. Dieses Konzept ist allerdings in der immunologischen Literatur bis heute nicht unwidersprochen geblieben.

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Abbreviations

CD:

„cluster of differentiation“ entsprechend der Nomenklatur des First International Workshop on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (1982)

CSF:

Kolonie-stimulierender Faktor

CTL:

zytotoxische T-Zellen

HNO:

Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde

IFN:

Interferon

IL:

Interleukin

IL-2R:

Interleukin-2 Rezeptor

LPS:

bakterielles Lipopolysaccharid aus E. coli

MAK:

monoklonale Antikörper

MHC:

Haupthistokompatibilitätsantigen („major histocompatibility antigen“)

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethythiazol-2-yl)2,5-„diphenyltetrazolium bromid“

NK-Zellen:

natürliche Killerzellen

PBM:

mononukleäre Zellen aus dem peripheren Blut („peripheral blood mononuclear cells“)

SRBC:

Schafserythrozyten („sheep red blood cells“)

Staph A:

Staphylococcus aureus (Cowan strain I)

TGF:

transformierender Wachstumsfaktor („Transforming growth factor“)

TIL:

tumorinfiltrierende Lymphozyten

TNF:

Tumornekrosefaktor

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenkranke, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Klinikum Großhadern, Marchioninistraße 15, D-81377, München, Deutschland

    T. P. U. Wustrow

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  1. Universitäts-HNO-Klinik, Kardinal-von-Galen-Ring 10, D-48149, Münster, Deutschland

    Harald Feldmann

  2. HNO-Klinik der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Moorenstraße 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    U. Ganzer

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Wustrow, T.P.U. (1995). Grundlagen immunologischer Vorgänge beim Plattenepithelkarzinom im Kopf-Hals-Bereich — Diagnostik und Ursachen. In: Feldmann, H., Ganzer, U. (eds) Teil I: Referate. Verhandlungsbericht 1995 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, vol 1995 / 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79553-4_5

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