Abstract
Carcinoma of the gallbladder is an uncommon but highly lethal disease that often causes death in less than 1 year after diagnosis [2, 11]. In a collected series of more than 1700 patients, the 5-year survival rate after surgical resection was 2.6% [9]. At the Beth Israel Medical Center in New York, the 5-year survival rate was 11.3% [18]. In an analysis of 2354 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute, the overall 5-year survival rate was 12.1% [7]. Because carcinomas of the gallbladder are relatively rare and known to have a poor outcome, investigators have not systematically evaluated new prognostic factors. In this report, we describe the prognostic factors for carcinomas of the gallbladder based on our analysis of published data. There has been no multivariate analysis reported on combinations of the different prognostic factors.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Albores-Saavedra J, Angeles-Angeles A, Manrique JJ, Henson DE (1984) Carcinoma in situ of the gallbladder: a clinico-pathologic study of 18 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 8: 323–333
Albores-Saavedra J, Henson DE (1986) Tumors of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC
Albores-Saavedra J, Nadji M, Morales AR, Henson DE (1983) Carcinoembryonic antigen in normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic gallbladder epithelium. Cancer 52: 1069–1072
Andrews W, Smith F (1987) Chemotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer. In: Wanebo HJ (ed) Hepatic and biliary cancer. Dekker, New York, pp 453–457
Bergdahl L (1980) Gallbladder carcinoma first diagnosed at microscopic examination of gallbladders removed for presumed benign disease. Ann Surg 191: 19–22
Bosset JF, Mantion G, Gillet M et al. (1989) Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder: adjuvant postoperative external irradiation. Cancer 64: 1843–1847
Carriaga MT, Henson DE (1995) Liver, gallbladder, extrahepatic bile ducts, and pancreas: incidence and prognosis by histologic type. SEER population-based data, 1973–1987. Cancer (in press)
Donohue JH, Nagorney DM, Grant CS, Tsushima K, Ilstrup DM, Adson MA (1990) Carci-noma of the gallbladder: does radical surgery improve outcome? Arch Surg 125: 234–241
Dowdy GS Jr (1969) The biliary tract. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia
Guo KJ, Yamaguchi K, Enjoji M (1988) Undifferentiated carcinoma of the gallbladder: a clinicopathologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical study of 21 patients with a poor prognosis. Cancer 61: 1872–1879
Henson DE, Albores-Saavedra J, Corle D (1992) Carcinoma of the gallbladder: histologic types, stage of disease, grade, and survival rates. Cancer 70: 1493–1497
Hisatomi K, Haratake J, Horie A, Ohsato K (1990) Relation of histopathological features to prognosis of gallbladder cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 85: 567–572
Houry S, Schlienger M, Huguier M, Lacaine F, Penne F, Laugier A (1989) Gallbladder carcinoma: role of radiation therapy. Br J Surg 76: 448–450
Hsu W, Deziel DJ, Gould VE, Warren WH, Gooch GT, Staren ED (1991) Neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis of extrahepatic biliary tract carcinoma. Surgery 110: 604–610
Johnson LA, Lavin PT, Dayal YY, Geller SA, Doos WG, Cooper HS, Gerber JE, Masse ST, Weiland LH, Moertel CG, Engstrom PS (1986) Gallbladder adenocarcinoma: prognostic significance of tumor acid mucopolysaccharide content. J Surg Oncol 33: 243–245
Johnson LA, Lavin PT, Yogeshwar YD, Geller SA et al (1987) Gallbladder adenocarcinoma: the prognostic signficance of histologic grade. J Surg Oncol 34: 16–18
Matsumoto Y, Fujii H, Aoyama H, Yamamoto M, Sugahara K, Suda K (1992) Surgical treatment of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder based on the histologic analysis of 48 surgical specimens. Am J Surg 163: 239–245
Nadler LH, McSherry CK (1992) Carcinoma of the gallbladder: review of the literature and report on 56 cases at the Beth Israel Medical Center. Mt Sinai J Med 59: 47–52
Ouchi K, Owada Y, Matsumo S, Sato T (1987) Prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma. Surgery 101: 731–737
Shirai Y, Yoshida K, Tsukada K, Muto Y (1992) Inapparent carcinoma of the gallbladder: an appraisal of a radical second operation after simple cholecystectomy. Ann Surg 215: 326–331
Strom BL, Iliopoulos D, Atkinson B, Herlyn M, West SL, Maislin G, Saul S, Varello MA, Rodriguez-Martinez HA, Rios-Dalenz J, Soloway RD (1989) Pathophysiology of tumor pro¬gression in human gallbladder: flow cytometry, CEA, and CA 19-9 levels in bile and serum in different stages of gallbladder disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 81: 1575–1580
Sumiyoshi K, Nagai E, Chijiwa K, Nakayama F (1992) Pathology of carcinoma of the gallbladder. World J Surg 15: 315–321
Suzuki T, Takano Y, Kakita A, Okudaira M (1993) An immunohistochemical and molecular biological study of c-erb-B2 amplification and prognostic relevance in gallbladder cancer. Pathol Res Pract 189: 283–292
Yamaguchi K, Enjoji M (1988) Carcinoma of the gallbladder: a clinicopathology of 103 patients and newly proposed staging. Cancer 62: 1425–1432
Yamamoto M, Makajo S, Tahara E (1989) Carcinoma of the gallbladder: the correlation between histogenesis and prognosis. Virchows Arch [A] 414: 83–90
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 International Union Against Cancer, Geneva
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Carriaga, M.T., Henson, D.E. (1995). Carcinoma of the Gallbladder. In: Hermanek, P., Gospodarowicz, M.K., Henson, D.E., Hutter, R.V.P., Sobin, L.H. (eds) Prognostic Factors in Cancer. UICC International Union Against Cancer / Union Internationale Contre le Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79395-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79395-0_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58688-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-79395-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive