Zusammenfassung
Chemotherapieinduzierte Übelkeit und Erbrechen stellen für den Patienten die gefürchtesten Nebenwirkungen der modernen Polychemotherapie dar (Coates 1983). Neben der Chemotherapie können aber auch Ganzkörperbestrahlungen oder Bestrahlungen insbesondere im Bereich des Abdomens ausgeprägte Übelkeit und Erbrechen hervorrufen. Längeres Erbrechen führt zu Anorexie, Dehydratation, Elektrolystörungen und Gewichtsabnahme. Gleichzeitige zytotoxische Schädigung der Darmepithe-lien und Störung der Verdauungsfunktion verstärken den Gewichtsverlust. Zudem führen psychologische Faktoren, sind erst einmal Übelkeit und Erbrechen bei einem Chemotherapiekurs entstanden, zu der Bahnung einer schwer behandelbaren antizipatorischen Übelkeit bzw. Erbrechen. Eine optimale antiemetische Therapie ist deshalb eine Grundvoraussetzung bei der zytotoxischen Tumorbehandlung.
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Casper, J. et al. (1996). Supportivtherapie. In: Schmoll, HJ., Höffken, K., Possinger, K. (eds) Kompendium Internistische Onkologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79214-4_22
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