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Transacting Functions of Human Retroviruses pp 209–236Cite as

The vpr Regulatory Gene of HIV

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 193))

Abstract

Virus replication is the result of a series of two-way communications between the viral parasite and its host. Since viruses are essentially inert objects in the absence of a host cell, all aspects of their natural history can be defined in terms of these interactions. For example, whether or not a cell is permissive to infection and subsequent virus replication, or whether non-productive infection results, is determined by the expression of specific cellular factors which are necessary for each stage in the viral life cycle. In turn, the virus may modulate or enhance the expression of these factors to suit its particular needs. Viral tropism is then similarly determined through these interactions, since the presence of the viral receptor molecule on a cell is only the first requisite for productive infection. The pathogenicity of a virus is also clearly the result of these interactions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 505 BRB1, 422 Curie Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Y. Refaeli & D. B. Weiner

  2. Division of Molecular Genetics B404, Dana-Forber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St., Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    D. N. Levy

  3. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Y. Refaeli

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  1. D. N. Levy
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  2. Y. Refaeli
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  3. D. B. Weiner
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  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, 11-934 Factor, UCLA School of Medicine, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90024-1678, USA

    Irvin S. Y. Chen

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology Head of the Center of Neurovirology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 10107, USA

    Hilary Koprowski

  3. Department of Microbiology/Immunology Center for Neurovirology, Jefferson Medical College, Rm. 469 Jefferson Alumni Hall 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19107-6799, USA

    Alagarsamy Srinivasan

  4. The Scripps Research Institute, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA

    Peter K. Vogt

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Levy, D.N., Refaeli, Y., Weiner, D.B. (1995). The vpr Regulatory Gene of HIV. In: Chen, I.S.Y., Koprowski, H., Srinivasan, A., Vogt, P.K. (eds) Transacting Functions of Human Retroviruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 193. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78929-8_11

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