Skip to main content

Protein Patterns of Benign and Malignant Human Melanocytes Show Consistent Changes in Gene Expression

  • Conference paper
Skin Cancer: Basic Science, Clinical Research and Treatment

Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 139))

Abstract

For human malignant melanoma, no pattern of oncogene activation has yet been identified which consistently occurs in the malignant cells. In order to better understand the transformation process, we studied the overall gene expression at the protein level in human melanoma cells in vitro by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, For that, four established cell lines, MEWO, M5, SKMEL13, and IGR39, were used and compared with newly established cultures of normal human melanocytes. Considerable variations in the protein patterns of the different melanoma cell lines were found, whereas the patterns of normal human melanocytes correlated fairly well with each other

With respect to the expression of single proteins, we identified four major proteins which were consistently found in cultured melanocytes and stringently repressed in the four melanoma cell lines examined. On the other hand, induction of new proteins in the different melanoma cell lines was found to be less stringent and also less uniform. We propose that malignant transformation of melanocytes may be more associated with the suppression of melanocytic proteins rather than with new expression of melanoma specific proteins

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Albino AP (1992) The role of oncogenes and growth factors in progressive melanoma-genesis. Pigment Cell Res [Suppl] 2:199–218

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Albino AP, Davis BM, Nanus DM (1991) Induction of growth factor RNA expression in human malignant melanoma: markers of transformation. Cancer Res 51:4815–4820

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aubert C, Rouge F, Galdino JR (1980) Tumorigenicity of human malignant melanocytes in nude mice in relation to their differentiation in vitro. J Natl Cancer Inst 64:1029–1040

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bean MA, Bloom BR, Heberman RB, Old LJ, Oettgen HF, Klein G, Terry WD (1975) Cell-mediated cytotoxicity for bladder carcinoma: evaluation of a workshop. Cancer Res 35:2902–2913

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Celis and Bravo (1984) Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins, 1 st edn. Academic, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers JAA, Degli Innocenti F, Hinkelammert K, Russo VEA (1985) Electrophoresis 6:339–348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheah MS, Wallace CD, Hoffman RM (1984) Hypomethylation of DNA in human cancer cells: a site-specific change in the c-myc oncogene. J Natl Cancer Inst 73:1057–1065

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chou T-B, Zachar Z, Bingham PM (1987) Developmental expression of a regulatory gene is programmed at the level of splicing. EMBO J 6:4095–4104

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cleveland DW (1988) Autoregulated instability of tubulin mRNAs. TIBS 13:339–343

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cordell JL, Falini B, Erber WN, Ghosh AK, Abdulaziz Z, MacDonald S, Pulford KA, Stein H, Mason DY (1984) Immunoenzymatic labeling of monoclonal antibodies using immune complexes of alkaline phosphatase and monoclonal antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP complexes). J Histochem Cytochem 32: 219–229

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dynan WS (1989) Modularity in promoters and enhancers. Cell 58:1–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Easty D, Hart IR, Patel K, Seymour C, Yacoub M, Domscheit A, Gunther S, Postel W, Gorg A, Dunn MJ (1991) Changes in protein expression during melanoma differentiation determined by computer analysis of 2-D gels. Clin Exp Metastasis 9:221–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eisinger M, Marco O (1982) Selective proliferation of normal human melanocytes in vitro in the presence of phorbol ester and cholera toxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:2018–2022

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friedmann PS, Gilchrest BA (1987) Ultraviolet radiation directly induces pigment production by cultured human melanocytes. J Cell Physiol 133:88–94

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gown AM, Vogel AM, Hoak D, Gough F, McNutt MA (1986) Monoclonal antibodies specific for melanocytic tumors distinguish subpopulations of melanocytes. Am J Pathol 123:195–203

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanash SM, Gagnon M, Seeger RC, Baier L (1985) Analysis of neuroblastoma cell proteins using two-dimensional electrophoresis. Advances in neuroblastoma research. Liss, New York, pp 261–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinnebusch AG (1988) Mechanisms of gene regulation in the general control of amino acid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiol Rev 52:248–273

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holzmann B, Bröcker EB, Lehmann JM, Ruiter DJ, Sorg C, Riethmüller C, Johnson JP (1987) Tumor progression in human malignant melanoma: five stages defined by their antigenic phenotypes. Int J Cancer 39:466–471

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hotta H, Ross AH, Huebner K, Isobe M, Wendeborn S, Chao MV, Ricciardi RP, Tsujimoto Y, Croce CM, Koprowski H (1988) Molecular cloning and characterization of an antigen associated with early stages of melanoma tumor progression. Cancer Res 48:2955–2956

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houghton AN, Eisinger M, Albino AP, Cairncross JG, Old LJ (1982) Surface antigens of melanocytes and melanomas. Markers of melanocyte differentation and melanoma subsets. J Exp Med 156:1755–1766

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houghton AN, Real FX, Davis LJ, Cordon-Cardo C, Old LJ (1987) Phenotypic heterogeneity of melanoma. Relation to the differentiation program of melanoma cells. J Exp Med 164:812–829

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson JP, Stade BG, Holzmann B, Schwäble W, Riethmüller G (1989) De novo expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in melanoma correlates with increased risk of metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:641–644

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krasagakis K, Garbe C, Krüger S, Orfanos CE (1991) Effects of interferons on cultured human melanocytes in vitro: interferon-beta but not -alpha or -gamma inhibits proliferation and all interferons significantly modulate the cell phenotype. J Invest Dermatol 97:364–372

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann JM, Riethmuller G, Johnson JP (1989) MUC18, a marker of tumor progression in human melanoma, shows sequence similarity to the neural cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:9891–9895

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leyva A, Kraal I, Lankelma J, Delamarre JFM, Pinedo HM (1983) High uridine Phosphorylase activity in human melanoma tumor. Anticancer Res 3:227–232

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingston PO, Albino AP, Chung TJC, Real FX, Houghton AN, Oettgen HF, OLD LJ (1985) Serological response of melanome patients to vaccines prepared from VSV lysates of autologous and allogeneic cultured melanoma cells. Cancer Res 55:713–720

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Farrel (1975) High resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins. J Biol Chem 250:4007–4021

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodeck U, Melber K, Kath R, Menssen HD, Varello M, Atkinson B, Herlyn M (1991) Constitutive expression of multiple growth factor genes by melanoma cells but not normal melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 97:20–26

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rose TM, Plowman GD, Teplow DB, Dreyer WJ, Hellstrom KE, Brown JP (1986) Primary structure of the human melanoma-associated antigen p97 (melanotrans-ferrin) deduced from the mRNA sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:1261–1265

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbour Lab Oratory, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauvaigo S, Fretts RE, Riopelle RJ, Lagarde AE (1986) Autonomous proliferation of MeWo human melanoma cell lines in serum-free medium: secretion of growth-stimulating activities. Int J Cancer 37:123–132

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schrier PI (1992) Melanoma genetics and cytogenetics. Clin Dermatol 10:31–39

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shih IM, Herlyn M (1993) Role of growth factors and their receptors in the development and progression of melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 100:196S–203S

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suter L, Brüggen J, Bröcker EB, Sorg C (1985) A tumor-associated antigen expressed in melanoma cells with lower malignant potential. Int J Cancer 35:787–791

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tracy RP, Word LE, Currie RM, Young DS (1982) Patterns for normal colon mucosa and colon adenocarcinoma compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Clin Chem 28:915–919

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vennegoor C, Calafat J, Hageman P, van Buitenen F, Janssen H, Kolk A, Rumke P (1985) Biochemical characterization and cellular localization of a formalin-resistant melanoma-associated antigen reacting with monoclonal antibody NKI/C3. Int J Cancer 35:287–295

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Versteeg R, Noordermeer IA, Kruse-Wolters KM, Ruiter DJ, Schrier PI (1988) C-myc downregulates class I HLA expression in human melanomas. EMBO-J 170: 621–635

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Eberle, J., Garbe, C., Kroumpouzos, G., Orfanos, C.E. (1995). Protein Patterns of Benign and Malignant Human Melanocytes Show Consistent Changes in Gene Expression. In: Garbe, C., Schmitz, S., Orfanos, C.E. (eds) Skin Cancer: Basic Science, Clinical Research and Treatment. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 139. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78771-3_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78771-3_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78773-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78771-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics