Zusammenfassung
Das autonome Nervensystem teilt sich nach dem Konzept von Langley (1921) auf in 3 Subsysteme: Das enterische Nervensystem, das sympathische und das pa-rasympatische Nervensystem.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Agoston DV, Ballmann M, Conlon JM et al. (1985) Isolation of neuropeptide containing vesicles from the guinea-pig ileum. J Neurochem 45: 398–406
Agoston DV, Conlon JM, Whittacker VP (1988) Selective depletion of acetylcholine and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide of the guinea pig myenteric plexus by differential mobilization of distinct transmitter pools. Exp Brain Res 72: 535–542
Allescher HD, Ahmad S, Kostka P et al. (1989) Distribution of opioid receptors in canine small intestine: implications for function. Am J Physiol 256: G966–G974
Allescher HD, Tougas G, Vergara et al. (1992) Nitric Oxide as a putative non-adrenergic non-cholinergic inhibitory transmitter in the canine pylorus in vivo. Am J Physiol 262: G695–G702
Bitar KN, Makhlouf GM (1982) Receptors on smooth muscle cells. Characterization by contraction and specific antagonists. Am J Physiol 242: G400–G407
Boeckxstaens GE, Pelckmans PA, Bult H et al. (1990) Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic relaxation mediated by nitric oxide in the canine ileocolonic junction. European J Pharmacol 190: 239–246
Boeckxstaens GE, Pelckmans PA, Bult H et al. (1991) Evidence for nitric oxide as mediator of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic relaxations induced by ATP and GABA in the canine gut. Br J Pharmacol 102: 434–438
Boeckxstaens GE, Pelckmans PA, Ruytjens IF et al. (1991) Bioassay of nitric oxide released upon stimulation of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves in the canine ileocolonic junction. Br J Pharmacol 103: 1085–1091
Boeckxstaens GE, Pelckmans PA, Herman AG, Van Maercke YM (1993) Involvement of nitric oxide in the inhibitory innervation of the human isolated colon. Gastroenterology 104: 690–697
Bornstein JC, Costa M, Furness JB, Lees GM (1984) Electrophysiology and enkephalin immunoreactivity of identified myenteric plexus neurons of guinea pig small intestine. J Physiol 351: 313
Bult H, Boeckxstaens GE, Pelckmans PA et al. (1990) Nitric oxide as an inhibitory non-ad- renergic non-cholinergic neurotransmitter. Nature 345: 346–347
Cheng JT, Shen CL (1986) Tyramine induced release of neuropeptide Y in isolated rabbit intestine. European J Pharmacol 123: 303
Costa M, Furness JB, Llewellyn-Smith (1987) Histochemistry of the enteric nervous system; in Johnson LR (ed): Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract. Raven Press, New York, pp 1–40
Daniel EE, Costa M, Furness JB, Keast JR (1985) Peptide neurons in canine small intestine. J Comp Neurol 237: 227–238
Daniel EE, Furness JB, Costa M, Belbeck L (1987) The projections of chemically identified nerve fibres in canine ileum. Cell Tis Res 247: 377
Daniel EE, Collins SM, Fox JET, Huizinga J (1989) Pharmacology of neuroendocrine peptides. In: Schultz SG (ed) Handbook of Physiology. Section VI: Part I Motility and Circulation. Am. Physiological Society, Maryland, pp 759–816
Deacon CF, Agoston DV, Nau R, Conlon JM (1987) Conversation of neuropeptide K to neurokinin A and vesicular colocalization of neurokinin A and substance P in neurons of the guinea pig small intestine. J Neurochem 48: 141–146
De Man JG, Pelckmans PA, Boeckxstaens GE et al. (1991) The role of nitric oxide in inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurotransmission in the canine lower oesophageal sphincter. Br J Pharmacol 103: 1092–1096
Dogiel AS (1899) Über den Bau der Ganglien in den Rechten des Darms und der Gallenblase des Menschen und der Säugetiere. Arch Anat Physiol Anat 130–158
Donnerer J, Holzer P, Lembeck F (1984) Release of dynorphin, somatostatin and substance P from the vascularly perfused small intestine of the guinea-pig during peristalsis. Br J Pharmacol 83: 919–925
Donnerer J, Meyer DK, Holzer P, Lembeck F (1985) Release of cholecystokinin-immuno- reactivity into the vascular bed of the guinea pig small intestine during peristalsis. Naunyn Schmiedberg’s Arch Pharmacol 328: 324–328
Du C, Murray J, Conklin JL (1991) Nanc nerve mediated inhibitory junction potentials in the circular smooth muscle of oppossum lower esophageal sphincter. Gastroenterology 100 (Abstract): A438
Duval JW, Saffouri B, Weir GC et al. (1981) Stimulation of gastrin and somatostatin secretion from isolated rat stomach by bombesin. Am J Physiol 241: 242–247
Ekblad E, Hakanson R, Sundler S (1991) Microanatomy and chemical coding of peptide containing neurons in the digestive tract. In Daniel EE (ed) Neuropeptide function in the gastrointestinal tract. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 139–179
Fahrenkrug J, Galbo H, Holst JJ (1978) Influence of the autonomic nervous system on the release of VIP from the porcine gastrointestinal tract. J Physiol (Lond) 280: 405–422
Fox JET, Daniel EE, Jury J et al. (1983) Cholinergic control mechanisms for immunoreactive motilin release and motility in the canine duodenum. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 61: 1042–1049
Furness JB, Costa M (1982) Identification of gastrointestinal neurotransmitter. In: Bertaccini G (ed) Mediators and drugs in gastrointestinal motility 1. Morphological basis and neuro- physiological control. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 384
Furness JB, Costa M (1987) The enteric nervous system. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh London
Furness JB, Costa M (1989) Identification of transmitters of functionally defined enteric neurons. In: Schultz SG (ed). Handbook of physiology, section VI. The gastrointestial system. Maryland, Am Physiological Society, pp 387–402
Grider JR, Makhlouf GM (1986) Colonic peristaltic reflex: identification or vasoactive intestinal peptide as mediator of the descending relaxation. Am J Physiol 251: G40–G45
Holzer P (1984) Characterization of the stimulus-induced release of immunoreactive substance P from the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig small intestine. Brain Res 297: 127–136
Holzer P (1988) Local effector functions of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve endings: involvement of tachykinins, calcitonin-gene-related peptide and other neuropeptides. Neurosci 24: 739–768
Jonakait MG, Gintzler AR, Gershon MD (1979) Isolation of axonal varicosities (autonomic synaptosomes) from the enteric nervous system. J Neurochem 32: 1387–1400
Jonakait MG, Tamir H, Gintzler AR, Gershon MD (1979) Release of 3H-serotonin and its binding protein from enteric neurons. Brain Res 174: 55–69
Keast JR, Furness JB, Costa M (1985) Distribution of certain peptide-containing nerve fibers and endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa in five mammalian species. J Comp Neurol 236: 403–422
Kilbinger H (1984) Facilitation and inhibition by muscarinic agonists of acetylcholine release from guinea-pig myenteric plexus. Trends Pharmacol Sci 5 (Suppl): 49–52
Kilbinger H (1985) Subtypes of muscarinic receptors modulating acetylcholine release from myenteric nerves. In: Lux G, Daniel EE (eds) Muscarinic receptor subtypes in the GI-Tract. Springer, Berlin, pp 37–42
Lambrecht G, Mutschler E (1985) Selective inhibition of muscarinic receptors in intestinal smooth muscle. In: Lux G, Daniel EE (eds) Muscarinic receptor subtypes in the GI-Tract. Springer, Berlin, pp 20–27
Manaka H, Manaka Y, Kostolanska F et al. (1989) Release of VIP and substance P from isolated perfused canine ileum. Am J Physiol 257: G182–G190
Mayer EA, Koebel CBM, Snape WJ et al. (1990) Substance P and CGRP mediate motor response of rabbit colon to capsaicin. Am J Physiol 259: G889–G897
McKnight AT, Sosa RP, Hughes J, Kosterlitz HW (1978) Biosynthesis and release of enkephalins. In: Van Ree JM, Terenius L (eds) Characteristics and function of opioids. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp 259–269
Moody TW, Kris RM, Fiskum G et al. (1989) Characterization of receptors for bombesin/gastrin releasing peptide in human and murine cells. In: Conn PM Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 168 Academic Press, London New York, pp 481–493
Mussap CJ, Geraghty DP, Burcher E (1993) Tachykinin receptors: A radioligand binding perspective. J Neurochem 60: 1987–2009
Nishi S, North RA (1973) Intracellular recording from the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig ileum. J Physiol (Lond) 231: 471–491
Palmer RMJ, Ferrige AG, Moncada S (1987) Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium derived relaxing factor. Nature 327: 524–526
Palmer RMJ, Ashton DS, Moncada S (1988) Vascular endothelial cells synthetize nitric oxide from L-arginine. Nature 33: 664–666
Penman E, Wass JAH, Butler MG (1983) Distribution and characterization of immunoreactive somatostatin in human gastrointestinal tract. Regul Pept 7: 53–65
Potter LT (1970) Synthesis, storage and release of 14C-acetylcholine in isolated rat diaphragm muscle. J Physiol (Lond) 206: 145–166
Rattan S, Chakder S (1992) Role of nitric oxide as a mediator of internal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol 262: G107–G112
Rees DD, Palmer RMJ, Hodson HF, Moncada S (1989) A specific inhibitor of nitric oxide formation from L-arginine attenuates endothelium-dependend relaxation. Br J Pharmacol 96: 418–424
Reeve JR, Walsh JH (1989) Characterizing molecular heterogenity of gastrin-releasing peptide and related peptides; in methods in Enzymology. Academic Press, London New York, pp 660–677
Said SL (1984) Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: current status. Peptides 5: 143–150
Schultzberg M, Hökfelt M, Nilsson G et al. (1980) Distribution of peptide and catecholamine-containing neurons in the gastrointestinal tract of rat and guinea pig: immunohistoche- mical studies with antisera to substance P; vasoactive intestinal peptide, enkephalins, somatostatin, gastrin, cholecystokinin, neurotensin and dopamine b-hydroxylase. Neurosci 5: 689–744
Schultzberg M (1983) Bombesin-like immunoreactivity in sympathetic ganglia. Neurosci 8: 363–374
Schusdziarra V, Harris V, Conlon JM et al. (1978) Pancreatic and gastric somatostatin release in response to intragastric and intraduodenal nutrients and HCL in the dog. J Clin Invest 62: 509–518
Schusdziarra V, Roullier D, Harris V, Unger RH (1978) Release of gastric somatostatin like immunoreactivity during acidification of the duodenal bulb. Gastroenterology 76: 950–953
Schusdziarra V, Bender H, Pfeiffer EF (1983) Release of bombesin like immunoreactivity from the isolated perfused rat stomach. Regul Pept 7: 21–29
Schusdziarra V, Schmid R, Bender H et al. (1986) Effekt of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, peptide histidine isoleucine and growth hormone releasing factor 40 on bombesin-like immunoreactivity, somatostatin and gastrin release from the perfused rat stomach. Peptides 7: 127–133
Soll A, Yamada T, Park J, Thomas L (1984) Release of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity from canine fundic mucosal cells in primary culture. Am J Physiol 247: G558–G566
Szerb JC (1976) Storage and release of labelled acetylcholine in the myenteric plexus of the guinea pig ileum. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 54: 12–22
Szerb JC (1982) Correlation between acetylcholine release and neuronal activity in the guinea-pig ileum myenteric plexus. Effect of morphine. Neurosci 7: 327–340
Talley NJ (1992) Review article: 5-Hydroxytryptamine agonists and antagonists in the modulation of gastrointestinal motility and sensation: clinical implications. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 6: 273–289
Torphy TJ, Fine CF, Burman M et al. (1986) Lower esophageal sphincter relaxation is associated with increased cyclic nucleotide content. Am J Physiol 251: G786–G793
Tottrup A, Knudsen M, Gregersen H (1991) The obligatory role of nitric oxide synthesis for lower esophageal sphincter relaxation. Gastroenterology 100 (Abstract): A501
Vigna SR, Mantyh CR, Giraud AS et al. (1987) Localisation of specific binding site for bombesin in the canine gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 93: 1287–1295
Vizi ES, Ono K, Adam-Vizi V et al. (1984) Presynaptic inhibitory effect of met-enkephalin on [14C] acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus and its interaction with muscarinic negative feedback inhibition. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 230: 493–499
Wood JD (1989) Electrical and synaptic behaviour of enteric neurons; in Schultz GS (ed): Handbook of Physiology, Section VI. Part I Motility and circulation. Am Physiological Society, Maryland, pp 465–517
Yamato S, Goyal RK (1991) Evidence for nitric oxide as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the lower esophageal sphincter. Gastroenterology 100 (Abstract): A510.
Yau WM (1985) Presynaptic site of action of substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on myenteric neurons. Brain Res 330: 382–385
Yau WM (1989) Neurotransmitter release in the enteric nervous system. In: Schultz SG (ed) Handbook of Physiology, section VI: Part I Motility and circulation. Am Physiological Society, Maryland, pp 403–433
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kurjak, M., Allescher, H.D. (1993). Neurotransmitter im enterischen Nervensystem. In: Zeitz, M., Caspary, W.F., Bockemühl, J., Lux, G. (eds) Ökosystem Darm V. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78733-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78733-1_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-57591-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78733-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive