Abstract
Cathodic or electroreductive organic reactions proceed by means of the electrolytically generated primary intermediate products, anion radicals, \([{R^{\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\cdot}$}}{ - } }}\), radicals, R., and anions, R-. Anion radicals result from either direct electron transfer of an electron from the electrode to an organic neutral molecule or indirectly by the action of a mediator. Organic anion radicals may act as bases and as reducing agents, depending on the environment in which they are generated. Because of the presence (or potential presence) of the extremely electrophilic proton in most of the commonly used electrolysis media the study of anion radicals per se is much more difficult than the study of the anodically produced cation radicals.
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Kyriacou, D. (1994). Cathodic Organic Reactions. In: Modern Electroorganic Chemistry. Springer Lab Manual. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78677-8_3
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