Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
SpringerLink
Log in

Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses of African Green Monkeys

  • Chapter
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 188))

Abstract

When virologists talk about African green monkeys (AGM), they usually mean species belonging to the subgenus Cercopithecus aethiops of the genus Cercopithecus. This genus can be subdivided into eight subgenera (C. mona, C. cephus, C. mitis, C. i’hoesti, C. hamlyni, C. neglectus, C. diana, C. aethiops). A subgenus comprises several species and is defined by the common ecological specialization (“life-style”) of its member species. Therefore, species belonging to the same subgenus are geographically separated, as they would otherwise compete for resources. Some of the species can be further subdivided into altogether over 70 subspecies (for the entire genus) distinguished by subtle morphological differences. Members of similar subspecies usually do not mate in the wild. There are a number of excellent books delineating monkey species (GRZIMEK 1988; HILL 1972; NAPIER and NAPIER 1985).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allan JS, Kanda P, Kennedy RC, Cobb EK, Anthony M, Eichberg JW (1990a) Isolation and characterization of simian immunodeficiency virus from two subspecies of African green monkeys. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 6: 275–285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allan JS, Strauss J, Buck DW (1990b) Enhancement of SIV infection with soluble receptor molecules. Science 247: 1084–1088

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allan JS, Short M, Taylor ME, Su S, Hirsch VM, Johnson PR, Shaw GM, Hahn BH (1991) Species-specific diversity among simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys. J Virol 65: 2816–2828

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allan JS, Whitehead EM, Strout K, Short M, Kanda P, Hart TK, Bugelski PJ (1992) Strong association of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVagm) envelope glycoprotein heterodimers: possible role in receptor-mediated activation. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 2011–2020

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baier M, Garber C, Mueller C, Cichutek K, Kurth R (1990) Complete nucleotide sequence of a simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys: a novel type of intragroup divergence. Virology 176: 216–221

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baier M, Dittmar MT, Cichutek K, Kurth R (1991) Development in vivo of genetic variability of simian immunodeficiency virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 8126–8130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cichutek K, Merget H, Norley S, Linde R, Kreuz W, Gahr M, Kurth R (1992) Development of a quasispecies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 7365–7369

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daniel MD, Li Y, Naidu YM, Durda PJ, Schmidt DK, Troup CD, Silva DP, MacKey JJ, Kestler HW, Sehgal PK, King NW, Ohta Y, Hayami M, Desrosiers RC (1988) Simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys. J Virol 62: 4123–4128

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Denner J, Norley S, Cichutek K, Ennen J, Kurth R (1993) Factors determining the pathogenicity of immunodeficiency viruses. AIFO 5: 301–306

    Google Scholar 

  • Denner J, Norley S, Kurth R (1994) The immunosuppressive peptide of HIV-1: functional domains and immune response in AIDS patients. AIDS (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fomsgaard A, Hirsch VM, Allan JS, Johnson PR (1991) A highly divergent proviral DNA clone of SIV from a distinct species of African green monkey. Virology 182: 397–402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukasawa M, Miura T, Hasegawa A, Morikawa S, Tsujimoto H, Miki K, Kitamura T, Hayami M (1988) Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkey, a new member of the HIV/SIV group. Nature 333: 457–461

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fultz PN, Strieker RB, McClure HM, Anderson DC, Switzer WM, Horaist C (1990) Humoral response to SIV/S MM infection in macaque and mangabey monkeys. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 3: 319–329

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao F, Yue L, White AT, Pappas PG, Barchue J, Hanson AP, Greene BM, Sharp PM, Shaw GM, Hahn BH (1992) Human infection by genetically diverse SIVsm-related HIV-2 in West Africa. Nature 358: 495–499

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gravell M, London WT, Hamilton RS, Stone G, Monzon M (1989) Infection of macaque monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys: virulence and activation of latent infection. J Med Primatol 18: 247–254

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grzimek B (1988) Enzyklopädie Säugetiere. Kinder Munich

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartung S, Norley S, Kraus G, Werner A, Vogel M, Bergmann L, Baier M, Kurth R (1990) Infection of non-human primates with SIVagm and HIV-2. In: Schellekens H, Horzinek MC (eds) Animal models in AIDS. Elsevier Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartung S, Boller K, Cichutek K, Norley SG, Kurth R (1992) Quantitation of a lentivirus in its natural host: simian immunodeficiency virus in African green monkeys. J Virol 66:2143–2149

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hendry RM, Wells MA, Phelan MA, Schneider AL, Epstein JS, Quinnan GV (1986) Antibodies to simian immunodeficiency virus in African green monkeys in Africa in 1957–62. Lancet 2:455

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herchenröder O, Stahl-Hennig C, Lueke W, Schneider J, Schulze G, Hartmann H, Schmidt H, Tenner-Racz K, Racz P, Hayami M, Kelliher JC, Hunsmann G (1989) Experimental infection of rhesus monkeys with SIV isolated from African green monkeys. Intervirology 30 Suppl 1: 66–72

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill WCO (1972) Evolutionary biology of the primates. Academic, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch VM, Olmsted RA, Murphey-Corb M, Purcell RH, Johnson PR (1989) An African primate lentivirus (SIVsm) closely related to HIV-2. Nature 339: 389–392

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Honjo S, Narita T, Kobayashi R, Hiyaoka A, Fujimoto K, Takasaka M, Sakakibara I, Mukai R, Ishikawa K, Ohta Y, Hayami M (1990) Experimental infection of African green monkeys and cynomolgus monkeys with a SIVagm strain isolated from a healthy African green monkey. J Med Primatol 19: 9–20

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson PR, Fomsgaard A, Allan J, Gravell M, London WT, Olmsted RA, Hirsch VM (1990a) Simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys display unusual genetic diversity. J Virol 64: 1086–1092

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson PR, Goldstein S, London WT, Fomsgaard A, Hirsch VM (1990b) Molecular clones of SIVsm and SIVagm: experimental infection of macaques and African green monkeys. J Med Primatol 19: 279–286

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kanki PJ, Kurth R, Becker W, Dreesman G, McLane MF, Essex M (1985) Antibodies to simian T-lymphotropic retrovirus type III in African green monkeys and recognition of STLV-III viral proteins by AIDS and related sera. Lancet 1: 1330–1332

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraus G, Werner A, Baier M, Binniger D, Ferdinand FJ, Norley S, Kurth R (1989) Isolation of human immunodeficiency virus-related simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 2892–2896

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurth R, Norley S (1993) Animal immunodeficiency viruses. In: Levy JA, Weiss R, Neu HC (eds) Focus on HIV: 1992. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurth R, Ennen J, Denner J, Härtung S, Binninger D, Vogel M, Norley S (1992) Immunopathogenesis of HIV/SIV infection: consequences for the development of an AIDS vaccine. In: Kurth R, Schwerdtfeger WK (eds) Current topics in biomedical research. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Naidu YM, Daniel MD, Desrosiers RC (1989) Extensive genetic variability of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys. J Virol 63: 1800–1802

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mackewicz C, Levy JA (1992) CD8+ cell anti-HIV activity: nonlytic suppression of virus replication. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 1039–1050

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Müller MC, Saksena NK, Nerrienet E, Chappey C, Herve VM, Durand JP, Legal-Campodonico P, Lang MC, Digoutte JP, Georges AJ, Georges-Courbot MC, Sonigo P, Barre-Sinoussi F (1993) Simian immunodeficiency viruses from central and Western Africa: evidence for a new species-specific lentivirus in tantalus monkeys. J Virol 67: 1227–1235

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Napier JR, Napier PH (1985) The natural history of the primates. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Norley S, Kurth R (1994) The immune response to retroviruses. In: Levy J (ed) The retroviridae. Plenum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Norley SG, Kraus G, Ennen J, Bonilla J, König H, Kurth R (1990a) Immunological studies of the basis for the apathogenicity of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 9067–9071

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norley SG, Mikschy U, Werner A, Staszewski S, Helm EB, Kurth R (1990b) Demonstration of cross-reactive antibodies able to elicit lysis of both HIV-1- and HIV-2-infected cells J Immunol 145: 1700–1705

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohta Y, Masuda T, Tsujimoto H, Ishikawa K, Kodama T, Morikawa S, Nakai M, Honjo S, Hayami M (1988) Isolation of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys and seroepidemiologic survey of the virus in various non-human primates. Int J Cancer 41: 115–122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robert-Guroff M, Aldrich K, Muldoon R, Stern TL, Bansal G P, Mathews TJ, Markham PD, Gallo RC, Franchini G (1992) Cross-neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. J Virol 66: 3602–3608

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruegg CL, Monell CR, Strand M (1989) Inhibition of lymphoproliferation by a synthetic peptide with sequence identity to gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol 63: 3257–3260

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shibata R, Sakai H, Kiyomasu T, Ishimoto A, Hayami M, Adachi A (1990) Generation and characterization of infectious chimeric clones between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus from an African green monkey. J Virol 64: 5861–5868

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walker CM, Erickson AL, Hsueh FC, Levy JA (1991) Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus replication in acutely infected CD4+ cells by CD8+ cells involves a noncytotoxic mechanism. J Virol 65: 5921–5927

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Werner A, Winskowsky G, Kurth R (1990) Soluble CD4 enhances simian immunodeficiency virus SIVaam infection. J Virol 64: 6252–6256

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Germany

    R. Kurth & S. Norley

Authors
  1. R. Kurth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Norley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, One Pine Hill Drive, Southborough, MA, 01772-9102, USA

    Norman L. Letvin M.D.  & Ronald C. Desrosiers Ph.D.  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kurth, R., Norley, S. (1994). Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses of African Green Monkeys. In: Letvin, N.L., Desrosiers, R.C. (eds) Simian Immunodeficiency Virus. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 188. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78536-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78536-8_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78538-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78536-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation