Abstract
The discovery in 1983 that HIV-1 is the causative agent of AIDS stimulated a widespread search for an animal model in which prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic approaches could be assessed. A wide range of mammals, including several species of non-human primates, were inoculated with strains of HIV-1 (Gibbs et al. 1986). It soon appeared that only chimpanzees and gibbon apes were susceptible to infection by HIV-1. However, their use in AIDS research was severely limited because these animals are rare and protected species. Furthermore, persistently infected chimpanzees did not appear to develop the characteristic clinical signs of AIDS. Alternative animal models for AIDS and HIV infection in man were sought.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Agy MB, Frumkin LR, Corey L, Coombs RW, Wolinsky SM, Koehler J, Morton WR, Katze MG (1992) Infection of Macaca nemestrina by human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Science 257: 103–106
Arthur LO, Bess JW, Sowder RC, Benveniste RE, Mann DL, Chermann J-C, Henderson LE (1992) Cellular proteins bound to immunodeficiency viruses: implications for pathogenesis and vaccines. Science 258: 1935–1938
Azocar J, Essex M (1979) Incorporation of HLA antigens into the envelope of RNA tumour viruses grown in human cells. Cancer Res 39: 3388–3391
Benveniste RE, Morton WR, Clark EA, Tsai C-C, Ochs HD, Ward JM, Kuller L, Knott WB, Hill RW, Gale MJ, Thouless ME (1988) Inoculation of baboons and macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus/mne, a primate lentivirus closely related to human immunodeficiency virus type 2. J Virol 62: 2091–2101
Bubbers JR, Lilly F (1977) Selective incorporation of H-2 antigenic determinants into Friend virus particles. Nature 266: 458–459
Carlson JR, McGraw TP, Keddie E, Yee JL, Rosenthal A, Langlois AJ, Dickover R, Donovan R, Luciw PA, Jennings MB, Gardner MB (1990) Vaccine protection of rhesus macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 6:1239–1246
Chan WL, Rodgers A, Hancock R, Taffs F, Kitchin P, Farrar G, Liew FY (1992) Protection in SIV-vaccinated monkeys correlates with anti-HLA class I antibody response. J Exp Med 176: 1203–1207
Cranage MP, Baskerville A, Ashworth LAE, Dennis M, Cook N, Sharpe S, Farrar G, Rose J, Kitchin PA, Greenaways PJ (1992a) Intrarectal challenge of macaques vaccinated with formalin-inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus. Lancet 339: 273–274
Cranage MP, Ashworth LAE, Greenaway PJ, Murphy-Corb M, Desrosiers R (1992b) AIDS vaccine development. Nature 355: 685–686
Cranage MP, Polyanskaya N, McBride B, Cook N, Ashworth LAE, Dennis M, Baskerville A, Greenaway PJ, Corcoran T, Kitchin P, Rose J, Murphey-Corb M, Desrosiers RC, Stott EJ, Farrar G H (1993) Studies on the specificity of the vaccine effect elicited by inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 9: 13–22
Daniel MD, Letvin NL, King NW Jr, Kannagi M, Sehgal PK, Kanki PJ, Essex M and Desrosiers RC (1985) Isolation of T-cell tropic HTLV-III-like retrovirus from macaques. Science 228: 1201–1204.
Daniel MD, Kirchoff F, Czajak SC, Sehgal PK, Desrosiers RC (1992) Protective efforts of a live attenuated SIV vaccine with a deletion in the nef gene. Science 258: 1938–1941
Desrosiers RC (1990) A finger on the missing link. Nature 345: 288–289
Desrosiers RC, Wyand MS, Kodama T, Ringler DJ, Arthur LO, Sehgal PK, Letvin NL, King NW, Daniel MD (1989) Vaccine protection against simian immunodeficiency virus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 6353–6357
Fukasawa M, Miura T, Hasegawa A, Morikawa S, Tsujimoto H, Miki K, Kitamura T, Hayami M (1988) Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkey, a new member of the HIV-SIV group. Nature 333: 457–461
Fultz PN, McClure HM, Anderson DC, Swenson RB, Anand R, Srinivasan A (1986) Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from naturally infected sooty mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus atys). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 5286–5290
Gardner MB, Murphey-Corb M (1990) Vaccine protection of rhesus monkeys against homologous and heterologous strains of SIV. In: Grard M, Valette L (eds) Cinquieme Colloque des Cent Gardes. Fondation Marcel Merieux, Lyon pp 221–226
Gardner MB, Jennings M, Carlson JR, Lerche N, McGraw T, Luciw P, Marx P, Pedersen N (1989) Postexposure immunotherapy of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infected rhesus with an SIV immunogen. J Med Primatol 18: 321–328
Gelderblom H, Reupke H, Winkel T, Kunze R, Pauli G (1987) MHC antigens: constituents of the envelopes of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Z Naturforsch (C) 42: 1328–1334
Giavedoni LP, Planelles V, Haigwood NL, Ahmed S, Kluge JD, Marthas ML, Gardner MB, Luciw PA, Yilma TD (1993) Immune response of rhesus macaques to recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus gp130 does not protect from challenge infection. J Virol 67: 577–583
Gibbs CJ, Gajdusek DC, Epstein LG, Asher DM, Goudsmit J (1986) In: Salzman LA (ed) Animal models of retrovirus infection and their relationship to AIDS. Academic, London, pp 457–462
Henderson LE, Sowder R, Copeland TD, Oroszlan S, Arthur LO, Robey WG, Fischinger PJ (1987) Direct identification of class II histocompatibility DR proteins in preparations of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III. J Virol 61: 629–632
Hoxie JA, Fitzharris TP, Youngbar PR, Matthews DM, Rackowski JL, Radka SF (1987) Nonrandom association of cellular antigens with HTLV-III virions. Hum Immunol 18:39–52
Hu S-L, Abrams K, Barber GN, Moran P, Zarling JM, Langlois AJ, Kuller LR, Morton WR, Benveniste RE, (1992a) Protection of macaques against SIV infection by subunit vaccines of SIV envelope glycoprotein gp160. Science 255: 456–459
Hu S-L, Travis BM, Stallard V, Abraams K, Mischer L, Moran P, Zarling JM, Langlois AL, Kuller L, Morton WR, Benveniste RE (1992b) Immune responses to SIVmne envelope glycoproteins protect against macaques from homologus SIV infection. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 1489–1494
Johnson PR, Montefiori DC, Goldstein S, Hamm TE, Zhou J, Kitov S, Haigwood NL, Misher L, London WT, Gerin JL, Allison A, Purcell RH, Chanock RM, Hirsch VM (1992a) Inactivated wholevirus vaccine derived from a proviral DNA clone of simian immunodeficiency virus induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against heterologous challenge. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 2175–2179
Johnson PR, Montefiori DE, Goldstein S, Hamm TE, Zhon J, Kitov S, Haigwood NL, Misher London WT, Gerin JL, Allison A, Purcell RH, Chanock RM, Hirsch VM (1992b) Inactivated whole SIV vaccine in macaques: evaluation of protective efficacy against challenge with cell-free virus infected cells. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 1501–1505
Kent K, Rud E, Corcoran T, Powell C, Thiriart C, Collignon C, Stott EJ (1992) Identification of two neutralizing and 8 non-neutralizing epitopes on simian immunodeficiency virus envelope using monoclonal antibodies. Aids Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 737–741
Kent KA, Kitchin P, Mills KHG, Page M, Taffs LF, Corcoran T, Silvera P, Flanagen B, Powell C, Rose J, Ling C, Aubertin AM, Stott EJ (1994) Passive immunization of cynomolgus macaques with immune sera or a pool of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies failed to protected against challenge with SIVmac251. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 10: 189–194
Kestler HW, Li Y, Naidu M, Butler CV, Ochs MF, Jaenel G, King NW, Daniel MD, Desrosiers RC (1988) Comparison of simian immunodeficiency virus isolates. Nature 331: 619–620
Langlois AJ, Weinhold KJ, Matthews TH, Greenberg ML, Bolognesi DP (1992) Detection of antihuman cell antibodies in sera from macaques immunized with whole inactivated virus. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 1641–1652
Le Grand R, Vogt G, Vaslin B, Roques P, Theodoro F, Aubertin A-M, Dormont D (1992) Specific and non-specific immunity and protection of macaques against SIV infection. Vaccine 10: 873–879
Letvin NL, Eaton KA, Aldrich WR, Sehgal PK, Blake BJ, Schlossman SF, King NW, Hunt RD (1983) Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a colony of macaque monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80: 2718–2722
Letvin NL, Daniel MD, Sehgal PK, Desrosiers RC, Hunt RD, Waldron LM, MacKey JJ, Schmidt DK, Chalifoux LV, King NW (1985) Induction of AIDS-like disease in macaque monkeys with T-cell tropic retrovirus STLV-III. Science 230: 71–73
Lewis MG, Elkins WR, McCutchan EF, Benveniste RE, Lai CY, Montefiori DC, Burke DS, Eddy GA, Schafferman A (1993) Passively transferred antibodies directed against conserved regions of SIV envelope protect macaques from SIV infection. Vaccine 11:1347–1355
Li J, Lord CI, Haseltine W, Letvin NL, Sodroski (1992) Infection of cynomolgus macaques with a chimearic HIV-1/SIVmac virus that expresses the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 5: 639–646
Lowenstine LJ, Pedersen NC, Higgins J, Pallis KC, Uyeda A, Marx PA, Lerche NW, Munn RJ, Gardner MB (1986) Seroepidemiologic servey of captive Old World primates for antibodies to human and simian retroviruses, and isolation of a lentivirus from sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys). Int J Cancer 38: 563–575
Marthas ML, Sutjipto S, Higgins J, Lohman B, Torten J, Luciou PA, Marx PA, Redersen NC (1990) Immunization with a live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) presents early disease, but not infection in rhesus macaques challenged with pathogenic SIV. J Virol 64: 3694–3700
Mills KHG, Barnard AL, Williams M, Page M, Ling C, Stott EJ, Silvera P, Taffs LF, Kingsman AS, Adams SE, Almond N, Kitchin PA, Jones WC (1991) Vaccine induced CD4+ T-cells against the simian immunodeficiency virus gag protein. J Immunol 147: 3560–3567
Mills KHG, Page M, Chan WL, Kitchin P, Stott EJ, Taffs LF, Jones W, Rose J, Ling C, Silvera P, Corcoran T, Flanagan B, Burny A, Bex F, Delchambre M, Van Opstal 0, Fabry L, Thiriart C, Delers A, DeWilde M, Bruck C (1992) Protection against SIV infection in macaques by immunization with inactivated virus from the BK28 molecular clone but not with BK28- derived recombinant env and gag proteins. J Med Primatol 21: 50–58
Mills KHG, Page M, Kitchin P, Chan WL, Jones W, Silvera P, Corcoran T, Flanagan B, Ling C, Thiriart C, DeWilde M, Bruck C, Rud E, Clarke B, Stott EJ (1993) Immunization of macaques with SIV env recombinants: specificity of T-cell and antibody responses and evaluation of protective efficacy. J Med Primatol (in press)
Murphey-Corb M, Martin LN, Rangan SRS, Baskin GB, Gormus BJ, Wolf RH, Andes WA, West M (1986) Isolation of an HTLV-III retrovirus from macaques with simian AIDS and its possible origin in asymptomatic mangabeys. Nature 321: 435–437
Murphey-Corb M, Martin LN, Davison-Fairburn B, Montelaro C, Miller M, West M, Ohkawa S, Baskin GB, Zhang J-Y, Putney SD, Allison AC, Eppstein DA (1989) A formalin-inactivated whole SIV vaccine confers protection in macaques. Science 246: 1293–1297
Murphy-Corb M, Montelaro RC, Miller MA, West M, Martin LN, Davison-Fairburn B, Ohkawa S, Baskin, Zlang JY, Miller GB (1991) Efficacy of SIV/dalta B670 glycoprotein enriched and glycoprotein depleted subunit vaccines in protecting against infection and disease in rhesus monkeys. AIDS 5: 655–662
Murphy-Corb M, Ohkawa S, Davison-Fairburn B, Martin LN, Baskin GB, Langlois AJ, Mclntee M, Narayan O, Gardner MB (1992) A formalin-fixed whote SIV vaccine induces protective responses that are cross protective and durable. AI DS Res Hum Retroviruses 8:1475–1478
Ohta Y, Masuda T, Tsujimoto H, Ishikawa K-I, Kodama T, Morikawa S, Nakai M, Honjo S, Hayami M (1988) isolation of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys and seroepidemiology survey of the virus in various non-human primates. Int J Cancer 41: 115–122
Osterhaus A, de Vries P, Morein B, Akerblom L, Heeney J (1992) Comparison of protection afforded by whole virus ISCOM versus MDP adjuvanted fromalin-inactivated SIV vaccines from i.v. cell-free or cell-associated homologous challenge. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 1507–1510
Prakash K, Ranganathan PN, Methus R, Reddy P, Srinivasan A, Plotkin (1992) Generation of deletion mutants of simian immunodeficiency virus incapable of proviral integration. J Virol 66:167–171
Putkonen P, Thorstensson R, Albert J, Hild K, Norrby E, Biberfeld P, Biberfeld G (1990) infection of cynomolgus monkeys with HIV-2 protects against pathogenic consequences of a subsequent simian immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS 4: 783–789
Putkonen P, Thorstensson R, Walther L, Albert J, Akerblom L, Granquist O, Wadell G, Norby E, Biberfeld G (1991a) Vaccine protection against HIV-2 infection in cynomolgus monkey. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 7: 271–277
Putkonen P, Thorstensson R, Ghavamzadeh L, Albert J, Hild K, Biberfeld G etal. (1991b) Prevention of HIV-2 and SIV infection by passive immunization in cynomolgus monkeys. Nature 352: 436–438
Putkonen P, Thorstensson R, Cranage M, Nilsson C, Ghavamzadeh L, Albert J, Greenaway P, Biberfeld G (1992) A formalin inactivated whole SIVmac vaccine in Ribi adjuvant protects against homologous and heterologous SIV challenge. J Med Primatol 21: 108–112
Rud EW, Yon JR, Larder BA, Cook N, Cranage MP, Clarke BE (1992) Infectious molecular clones of SIVmac 32H: nef deletion controls ability to reisolate virus from rhesus macaques. In: Brown F et al. (eds) Vaccines 92: modern approaches to new vaccines including prevention of AIDS. Cold Sping Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, pp 229–235
Sakuragi S, Schibata R, Mukai R, Komatsu T, Kukasawa M (1992) Infection of macaque monkeys with a chimearic human and simian immunodeficiency virus. J Gen Virol 73: 2983–2987
Shafferman A, Jährling PB, Benviniste RE, Lewis MG, Phipps TJ, Edin-McCutchan F, Sadoff J, Eddy GA, Burke DS (1991) Protection of macaques with an SIV envelope peptide vaccine based on conserved HIV-1 sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 7126–7130
Shafferman A, Lewis MG, McCutchan FE, Benveniste RE, Jährling PB, Burke DS, Eddy GA (1993) Prevention of transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus from vaccinated macaques that developed transient virus infection following challenge. Vaccine (in press)
Shibata R, Kawamura M, Sakai H, Hayami, M, Ishimoto A, Adachi A (1991) Generation of a chimeric human and simian immunodeficiency virus infectious to monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Virol 65: 3514–3520
Stahl-Hennig C, Voss G, Dittmer V, Coulibaly C, Petry H, Luke W, Hunsmann G (1993) Protection of monkeys by a split vaccine against SIVmac depends on biological properties of the challenge virus. AIDS (in press)
Stott EJ, Chan WL, Mills KHG, Page M, Taffs F, Cranage M, Greenaway P, Kitchin PA (1990) Preliminary report: protection of cynomolgus macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus by a whole fixed cell vaccine. Lancet 336: 1538–1541
Stott EJ, Cranage MP, Kitchin PA, Kent K, Farrar G, Taffs LF (1991a) Vaccination against simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques. In: Girard M, Valette L (eds) Sixieme Colloque des Cent Gardes. Fondation Marcel Merieux, Lyon, p. 261–266
Stott EJ, Kitchin PA, Page M, Flanagan B, Taffs LF, Chan WL, Mills KHG, Silvera P, Rodger A (1991b) Anti-cell antibody in macaques. Nature 353: 393
Sutjipto S, Pedersen NC, Miller CJ, Gardner MB, Hanson CV, Gettie A, Jennings M, Higgins J, Marx PA (1990) Inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine failed to protect rhesus macaques from intravenous or genital mucosal infection but delayed disease in intravenously exposed animals. J Virol 64: 2290–2297
Tsujimoto H, Cooper RW, Kodama T, Fukasawa M, Miura T, Ohta Y, Ishikawa Kl, Nakai M, Frost E, Roelants GE, Roffi J, Hayami M (1988) Isolation and characterisation of simian immunodeficiency virus from mandrills in Africa and its relationship to other human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. J Virol 62: 4044–4050
Voss G, Stahl-Hennig C, Petry H, Coulibaly C, Nick S, Fuschs D, Wächter H, Luke W, Hunsmann G (1992) Immunization of rhesus monkeys with high and low dose Tween-ether disrupted SIVmac. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 8: 1397–1400
Watanabe M, Levine CG, Shen CG, Fisher RA, Letvin NL (1991) Immunisation of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys with soluble human CD4 elicits an antiviral response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 4616–4620
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Stott, E.J. (1994). Towards a Vaccine Against AIDS: Lessons from Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccines. In: Letvin, N.L., Desrosiers, R.C. (eds) Simian Immunodeficiency Virus. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 188. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78536-8_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78536-8_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78538-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78536-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive