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Respiratorische Therapie nach operativen Eingriffen pp 358–377Cite as

Klassische und „Non-Surfactantfunktionen“ des pulmonalen Surfactantsystems

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Zusammenfassung

Die Lunge eines erwachsenen Menschen ist mit der Außenwelt über eine Fläche von ungefähr 140 m2 verbunden. Diese enorme Fläche ist erforderlich, um den Gasaustausch zu realisieren, sie stellt an den Organismus aber auch Anforderungen ganz besonderer Art. Zwei wesentliche Anforderungen in diesem Zusammenhang sind, daß die Gasaustauschfläche während der Atemzyklen biophysikalisch verfügbar gehalten und gleichzeitig gegen eine Vielzahl infektiöser, allergener und toxischer Agentien geschützt werden muß. Derartige Agentien kontaminieren in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß die ca. 10 m3 (15 kg) Luft, die ein Erwachsener pro Tag einatmet. Sie können aber auch im Blut präsent sein, dessen gesamtes Volumen (ca. 85 ml/kg/min) vom Herz durch die Lunge gepumpt wird. Über beide Wege kann die Gasaustauschfläche der Lunge so geschädigt werden, daß es zu einer respiratorischen Insuffizienz kommt. Dies wird in der Regel erst dann möglich, wenn lokale Abwehrmechanismen des Organismus ausfallen oder gestört sind.

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Authors
  1. U. Pison
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  2. A. Neuendank
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  3. S. Weißbach
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  4. M. Max
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  5. S. Pietschmann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Anaesthesiologie Klinikum, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 12, D-91054, Erlangen, Deutschland

    Erich Rügheimer

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Pison, U., Neuendank, A., Weißbach, S., Max, M., Pietschmann, S. (1995). Klassische und „Non-Surfactantfunktionen“ des pulmonalen Surfactantsystems. In: Rügheimer, E. (eds) Respiratorische Therapie nach operativen Eingriffen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78399-9_30

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