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Malabsorption, Kurzdarmsyndrom und Zöliakie

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Ernährung chronisch kranker Kinder und Jugendlicher

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Zusammenfassung

Die Ernährung bei Veränderungen der Schleimhaut des Dünndarms hängt unmittelbar von der absorptiven und hydrolytischen Kapazität des noch verbleibenden oder noch funktionierenden Anteils der Gesamtoberfläche der Dünndarmmukosa bei gleichzeitig intakter Funktion des exokrinen Pankreas ab. Hierbei hängt die Adaptationsfähigkeit der Dünndarmmukosa von Art und Umfang der Ernährung ab, welches physiologische Adaptation (Typ I-Adaptation) genannt wird. Bei verschiedenen Erkrankungen, welche die Dünndarmschleimhaut treffen, kommt es zu einer pathologischen Adaptation (Typ II - Adaptation-1; s.Abb. 1). Die normale Struktur der Zotten und Krypten kann bei der physiologi-schen Adaptation durch eine Bypassoperation sowie durch länger-fristige totale parenterale Ernährung (TPE) im Sinne einer Verkürzung der Zotten und Verminderung der Kryptentiefe verändert werden [6]. Eine Verlängerung der Zotten sowie eine Vertiefung der Krypten werden bei der physiologischen Adaptation nach Dünndarmresektion bzw. beim Kurzdarmsyndrom sowie durch große Kälte und während der Laktation beobachtet [1, 2, 3, 4]. Pathologische Typ II-Adaptationen finden sich bei keimfrei aufgezogenen Tieren [5].

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Authors
  1. M. J. Lentze
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Kinderpoliklinik der Universität München, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336, München, Germany

    Berthold Koletzko

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Lentze, M.J. (1993). Malabsorption, Kurzdarmsyndrom und Zöliakie. In: Koletzko, B. (eds) Ernährung chronisch kranker Kinder und Jugendlicher. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78146-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78146-9_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-56569-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78146-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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