Abstract
The activity of bone cells is controlled by circulating systemic factors and by locally produced factors or cytokines. This distinction is not absolute, since some cytokines may circulate when produced in large amounts. The production of the three major systemic factors (parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D) is regulated by extracellular fluid calcium, and their primary role in maintenance of calcium homeostasis rather than control of bone cell function. Nevertheless, to maintain calcium homeostasis, bone cell function may be altered. In this chapter, the effects of these systemic factors on bone cell activity will be reviewed.
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References
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Mundy, G.R. (1993). Hormonal Factors Which Regulate Bone Resorption. In: Physiology and Pharmacology of Bone. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 107. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77991-6_6
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