Abstract
Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors account for less than 5% of all ovarian cancers, an incidence approximately one-tenth that of testicular cancer. Yolk sac tumors represent the second most common histologic type within this category. Before the advent of combination chemotherapy in the late 1960s, the prognosis of patients with this neoplasm was uniformly poor. Since then, we have steadily progressed toward cure rates approaching 100%.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abelev GI (1974) Alpha-fetoprotein as a marker of embryo-specific differentiation in normal and tumor tissue. Transplant Rev 20:3–37.
Abelev GI, Perova SD, Khramkova NI, Postnikova A, Win IS (1963) Production of embryonal alpha-globulin by transplantable mouse hepatomas. Transplant Bull 1:174–180.
Allyn DL, Silverberg SG, Salzberg AM (1971) Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina: report of a case with 7-year survival and literature review of so-called “mesonephromas.” Cancer 27:1231–1238.
Andersen WA, Sabio H, Durso N, Mills SE, Levien M, Underwood PB (1985) Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina. The role of primary chemotherapy. Cancer 56:1025–1027.
Bakri YN, Given FT (1984) Normal pregnancy and delivery following conservative surgery and chemotherapy for ovarian endodermal sinus tumor. Gynecol Oncol 19:222–225.
Ballas M (1972) Yolk sac carcinoma of ovary with alpha fetoprotein in the serum and ascitic fluid demonstrated by immunoosmophoresis. Am J Clin Pathol 57:511–516.
Beller FK, Nienhaus H, Schmundt-v. Gizycki B, Schellong G, Bunte H, Schmandt W (1979) Endodermal germ cell carcinoma (endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina in infant girls. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 94:295–306.
Bergstrand CG, Czar BB (1956) Demonstration of a new protein fraction in serum from human fetus. Scand J Lab Invest 8:174–178.
Carlson RW, Sikic BI, Trubow MM Turbow, Ballon SC (1983) Combination cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin chemotherapy (PVB) for malignant germ-cell tumors of the ovary. J Clin Oncol 1:645–651.
Clement PB, Young RH, Scully RE (1988) Extraovarian pelvic yolk sac tumors. Cancer 62:620–626.
Collins HS, Burke TW, Heller PB, Olson TA, Woodward JE, Park RC (1989) Endodermal sinus tumor of the infant vagina treated exclusively by chemotherapy. Obstet Gynecol 73:507–509.
Copeland LJ, Sneige N, Ordonez NG, Hancock KC, Gershenson DM, Saul PB, Kavanagh JJ (1985) Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina and cervix. Cancer 55:2558–2565.
Creasman WT, Fetter BF, Hammond CB, Parker RT (1979) Germ cell malignancies of the ovary. Obstet Gynecol 53:226–230.
Curtin JP, Adcock LL (1986) Pregnancy following treatment of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary with combination chemotherapy including cis-platinum. Gynecol Oncol 24:268–270.
Davis TE, Loprinzi CL, Buchler DA (1984) Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin for endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 19:46–52.
Dewhurst J, Ferreira HP (1981) An endodermal sinus tumour of the vagina in an infant with seven year survival. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 88:859–862.
Einhorn LH, Donohue J (1977) Cis-diaminedichloroplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin combination chemotherapy in disseminated testicular cancer. Ann Intern Med 87:293–298.
Flamant F, Gerbaulet A (1981) Traitaient conservateur des tumeurs vulvo vaginales malignes de l’enfant par une approche multidisciplinaire (a l’exclusion des adeno-carcinomas a cellules claires). Bull Cancer (Paris) 68:154–157.
Forney JP (1978) Pregnancy following removal and chemotherapy of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor. Obstet Gynecol 52:360–364.
Forney JP, DiSaia PH, Morrow CP (1975) Endodermal sinus tumor. A report of two sustained remissions treated postoperatively with a combination of actinomycin D, 5-fluorouracil, and cyclophosphamide. Obstet Gynecol 45:186–189.
Gallion H, Van Nagell JR, Powell DF, Donaldson ES, Hanson M (1979) Therapy of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Am J Obstet Gynecol 135:447–451.
Gershenson DM (1988) Menstrual and reproductive function after treatment with combination chemotherapy for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. J Clin Oncol 6:270–275.
Gershenson DM, Del Junco G, Herson J, Rutledge FN (1983) Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary: the M.D. Anderson experience. Obstet Gynecol 61:194–202.
Gershenson DM, Copeland LJ, Kavanagh JJ et al. (1985) Treatment of malignant nondysgerminomatous germ cell tumors of the ovary with vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide. Cancer 56:2756–2761.
Gershenson DM, Kavanagh JJ, Copeland LJ et al. (1986a) Treatment of malignant nondysgerminomatous germ cell tumors of the ovary with vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin. Cancer 57:1731–1737.
Gershenson DM, Copeland LJ, Del Junco G, Edwards CL, Wharton JT, Rutledge FN (1986b) Second-look laparotomy in the management of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. Obstet Gynecol 67:789–793.
Gershenson DM, Morris M, Cangir A, Kavanagh JJ, Stringer CA, Edwards C, Silva E, Wharton JT (1990) Treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin. J Clin Oncol 8:715–720.
Gitlin D, Perricelli A, Gitlin GM (1972) Synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein by liver, yolk sac, and gastrointestinal tract of the human conceptus. Cancer Res 32:979–982.
Itoh T, Shirai T, Naka A, Matsumoto S (1974) Yolk tumor and alpha-fetoprotein. Clinico-pathological study of four cases. Gann 65:215–226.
Jacobs AJ, Harris M, Deppe G et al. (1982) Treatment of recurrent germ cell tumors with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin. Obstet Gynecol 59:129–132.
Jimerson GK, Woodruff JD (1977) Ovarian extraembryonal teratoma. Am J Obstet Gynecol 127:73–79.
Julian CG, Barrett JM, Richardson RL et al. (1979) Bleomycin, vinblastine, and cis-platinum in the treatment of advanced endodermal sinus tumor. Obstet Gynecol 56:396.
Karlen JR, Kastelic JE (1980) Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary: an improving prognosis. Gynecol Oncol 10:206–216.
Kim DS, Park M (1989) Maternal and fetal survival following surgery and chemotherapy of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary during pregnancy: a case report. Obstet Gynecol 73:503–507.
Krishnamurthy SC, Sampat MB (1981) Endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumor of the vulva in a pregnant female. Gynecol Oncol 11:379–382.
Kurman RJ, Norris HJ (1976) Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. A clinical and pathologic analysis of 71 cases. Cancer 38:2404–2419.
Lokey JL, Baker JJ, Prince NA et al. (1981) Cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin for endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Ann Intern Med 94:56–57.
Malone JM, Gershenson DM, Creasy R, Kavanagh JJ, Silva EG, Stringer CA (1986) Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 68:86S–89S.
Metz SA, Day TG, Purseil SH (1989) Adjuvant chemotherapy in a pregnant patient with endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Gynecol Obstet 32:371–374.
Micha JP, Kucera PR, Berman ML, Romansky S, Flamm M, Reynolds J, DiSaia PJ (1985) Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: a review of thirty-six cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 152:842–846.
Newlands ES, Bagshawe KC (1977) Epipodophyllin derivative (VP-16-213) in malignant teratomas and choriocarcinomas. Lancet 2:87.
Norgaard-Pedersen B, Albrechtesen R, Teilum G (1975) Serum alpha-fetoprotein as a marker for endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor) of a vitelline component of teratocarcinoma. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand [A] 83:573–589.
Norris HG, Bagley GP, Taylor HB (1970) Carcinoma of the infant vagina: a distinctive tumor. Arch Pathol 90:473–479.
Ohta M, Sakakibara K, Mizuno K, Kano T, Matsuzawa K, Tomoda Y, Nakashima N, Ogawa (1988) Successful treatment of primary endodermal sinus tumor of the endometrium. Gynecol Oncol 31:357–364.
Paulussen F, Maintz EJ, Groop A, Hensen SD (1971) Das mesonephrogene Karzinom in Kindesalter. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 31:228–240.
Pektasides D, Rustin GJS, Newlands ES, Begent RHJ, Bagshawe KD (1987) Fertility after chemotherapy for ovarian germ cell tumours. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 94:477–479.
Petrucha RA, Ruffolo E, Messina AM, Bouis PJ, Praphat H (1980) Endodermal sinus tumor: report of a case associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol [Suppl] 55:90–94.
Pileri S, Martinelli G, Serra L, Bazzocchi F (1980) Endodermal sinus tumor arising in the endometrium. Obstet Gynecol 56:391–396.
Rezaizadeh MM, Woodruff JD (1978) Endodermal sinus tumor of the vagina. Gynecol Oncol 6:459–463.
Samuels ML, Johnson DE, Holoye PY (1975) Continuous intravenous bleomycin therapy with vinblastine in stage III testicular neoplasia. Cancer Chemother Rep 59:563–570.
Sawada M, Okudaira Y, Matsui Y, Nishiura H, Iwasaki T, Kasamatsu H (1985) Cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin therapy of yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 20:162–169.
Schwartz PE (1984) Combination chemotherapy in the management of ovarian germ cell malignancies. Obstet Gynecol 64:564–572.
Schwartz R, Chatwani AJ, Strimel W, Putong PB (1983) Endodermal sinus tumor in pregnancy: report of a case and review of literature. Gynecol Oncol 15:434–439.
Sessa C, Bonazzi C, Landoni F, Pecorelli S, Sartori E, Mangioni C (1987) Cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin combination chemotherapy in endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Obstet Gynecol 70:220–224.
Slayton RE, Park RC, Silverberg SG, Shingleton H, Creasman WT, Blessing JA (1985) Vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (A final report). Cancer 56:243–248.
Smales E, Peckham MJ (1987) Chemotherapy of germ-cell ovarian tumours: first-line treatment with etoposide, bleomycin and cisplatin or carboplatin. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 23:469–474.
Smith EB, Clarke-Pearson DL, Creasman WT (1984) A VP16-213-and cisplatin-containing regimen for treatment of refractory ovarian germ cell malignancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 150:927–931.
Smith JP, Rutledge FN (1975) Advances in chemotherapy for gynecologic cancer. Cancer 36:669–674.
Talerman A, Haije WG (1974) Alpha-fetoprotein and germ cell tumors: a possible role of yolk sac tumor in production of alpha-fetoprotein. Cancer 34:1722–1726.
Tatarinov YS (1964) Detection of embryospecific alpha-globulin in the blood sera of patients with primary liver tumor. Vopr Med Khim 10:90–91.
Taylor MH, DePetrillo AD, Turner AR (1985) Vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin in malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. Cancer 56:1341–1349.
Ungerleider RS, Donaldson SS, Warnke RA, Wilbur JR (1978) Endodermal sinus tumor: the Stanford experience and the first reported case arising in the vulva. Cancer 41:1627–1634.
Vriesendrop R, Aalders JG, Sleijfer DT, Willemse PHB, Bouma J, Mulder NH (1984) Treatment of malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB). Cancer Treat Rep 68:779–781.
Weed JC, Roh RA, Mendenhall HW (1979) Recurrent endodermal sinus tumor during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 54:653–656.
Wilkinson EJ, Friedrich EG, Hosty TA (1973) Alpha-fetoprotein and endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. Am J Obstet Gynecol 116:711–714.
Willemse PHB, Aalders JG, Bouma J, Mulder NH, Verschueren RCJ, de Vries EGE, Sleijfer D (1987) Long-term survival after vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin treatment in patients with germ cell tumors of the ovary: an update. Gynecol Oncol 28:268–277.
Williams SD, Birch R, Einhorn LH, Irwin L, Greco FA, Loehrer PJ (1987) Treatment of disseminated germ-cell tumors with cisplatin, bleomycin, and either vinblastine or etoposide. N Engl J Med 316:1435–1440.
Williams SD, Blessing JA, Moore DH, Homesley HD, Adcock L (1989) Cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin in advanced and recurrent ovarian germ-cell tumors. Ann Intern Med 111:22–27.
Wiltshaw E, Stuart-Harris R, Barker GH et al. (1982) Chemotherapy of endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac tumor) of the ovary: preliminary communication. J R Soc Med 75:888–892.
Wong LC, Ngan HYS, Ma HK (1989) Primary treatment with vincristine, dactinomycm, and cyclophosphamide in nondysgerminomatous germ cell tumor of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 34:155–158.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gershenson, D.M. (1993). Clinical Features and Management of Gynecologic Yolk Sac Tumors. In: Nogales, F.F. (eds) The Human Yolk Sac and Yolk Sac Tumors. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77852-0_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77852-0_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-77854-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77852-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive