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Immuntherapie in der Uroonkologie pp 134–144Cite as

Zellinteraktionsmoleküle in der Tumor-Wirt-Auseinandersetzung

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Zusammenfassung

Eine Tumormetastase stellt den Endpunkt einer Auseinandersetzung zwischen Tumor und Wirt dar. Metastatische Zellen lösen sich vom Primärtumor ab, wandern in Lymph- oder Blutgefäße ein, sind in der Zirkulation den von der Flüssigkeitströmung verursachten Scherkräften und dem Immunsystem des Wirts ausgesetzt, adhärieren im Kapillarbett an das Gefäßendothel des Zielorgans, wandern aus der Zirkulation in das Zielorgan ein und wachsen dort unter den Bedingungen einer fremden Organumgebung aus. Es ist mittlerweile allgemein akzeptiert, daß die Metastasierung nicht zufällig, sondern gerichtet und stufenweise abläuft (Übersicht bei Fidler 1990). Nur wenige Zellen innerhalb eines Tumor verfügen über die für eine Metastasierung

Table 1 Tabelle 1. Regulationsfaktoren bei der Tumormetastasierung (nach Fidler 1990)
Full size table

erforderlichen Eigenschaften. Dazu gehört die Verfügbarkeit von Invasionenzymen (Liotta et al. 1980; Starkey 1990), autokrinen Motilitäts-faktoren (Liotta 1986; Watanabe et al. 1991) und Adhäsionsmolekülen (Raz et al. 1987; Pauli et al. 1989). Von den zirkulierenden Tumorzellen wachsen weniger als 0,1% zu metastatischen Kolonien aus (Liotta et al. 1991). Die Tumormetastasierung wird aber nicht nur von intrinsischen Eigenschaften der metastatischen Tumorzellen, sondern auch durch Wirtsfaktoren reguliert (Tabelle 1). Dazu gehören beispielsweise endokrine und parakrine Wachstumfaktoren des Wirts als positive und Immunzellen oder Endothelbarrieren als negative Regulatoren.

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Authors
  1. R. Heicappell
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  2. R. Ackermann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, W-4300, Essen 1, Deutschland

    Herbert Rübben  & Mark Goepel  & 

  2. Urologische Universitätsklinik, Moorenstr. 5, W-4000, Düsseldorf 1, Deutschland

    Bernd J. Schmitz-Dräger

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© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Heicappell, R., Ackermann, R. (1993). Zellinteraktionsmoleküle in der Tumor-Wirt-Auseinandersetzung. In: Rübben, H., Goepel, M., Schmitz-Dräger, B.J. (eds) Immuntherapie in der Uroonkologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77830-8_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77830-8_14

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