Zusammenfassung
Im British Journal of Anaesthesia wurde von Parsloe et al. [56] eine 82jährige Frau mit koronarer Herzkrankheit unter der Therapie mit Atenolol und Isosorbitdinitrat beschrieben, die zunächst trotz einer Anämie von 8,9 g/1 und einem Hämatokrit von 27% im Ruhe-EKG keine Zeichen einer evidenten Myokardischämie aufwies. Im kontinuierlich registrierten EKG über 14 h fielen jedoch trotz weiterhin fehlender klinischer Symptome einer Myokardischämie deutliche Veränderungen der ST-Strecke auf, die erst nach Transfusion von 2 Einheiten Blut auf einen Hämatokrit von 36% verschwanden.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Allen JB, Allen FB (1982) The minimum acceptable level of hemoglobin. International Anesthesiology Clinics. Little Brown, Boston, p 1–21
Bassenge E, Pohl U (1986) Two principles of large artery dilation. In: Magro A (ed. ) Central and peripheral mechanisms of cardiovascular regulation. Plenum, New York, p 163–196
Bredle DL (1989) Circulatory compensation as a response to hypoxia. In: Reinhard K, Eyrich K (eds) Clinical aspects of O2-transport and tissue oxygenation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 53–61
Bretschneider H-J (1967) Aktuelle Probleme der Coronardurchblutung und des Myocard– stoffwechsels. Regensburger Jahrb Ärztl Fortb 15: 1–10
Bryan-Brown CW, Gutierrez G (1989) 02 transport and tissue oxygenation in the critically ill. In: Reinhard K, Eyrich K (eds) Clinical aspects of 02 transport and tissue oxygenation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 92–101
Case RB, Berglund E, Sarnoff SJ (1955) Ventricular function VII. Am J Med 18: 397–412
Chapler CK, Cain SM (1986) The physiologic reserve in oxygen carrying capacity: studies in experimental hemodilution. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 64: 7–12
Constant I, Bonnet F (1990) Changes in body oxygen consumption during recovery from spinal and epidural anesthesia. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A808
Czer LSC, Shoemaker WC (1978) Optimal hematocrit value in critically ill postoperative patients. Surg Gynecol Obstet 147: 363–368
Denison DM (1989) Oxygen supply and uses in tissues. In: Reinhart K, Eyrich K (eds) Clinical aspects of 0 2 transport and tissue oxygenation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 37–43
Dietrich G, Kretschmer V, Orth D, Haupt W (1990) Primary hemostasis in hemodilution- 1) hematocrit. Infusionstherapie 17: 212–213
Dobb GJ, Faragher EB (1990) The relationship between oxygen uptake and delivery. Intensive Care World 7 /3: 131
Durable M, Martin JL, Duvelleroy M (1979) Effets théoriques, experimentaux et cliniques des variations de Thematocrite au cours de l’hemodilution. Ann Anesthesiol Fr 20 /9: 805–814
Edwards JD (1990) Oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation in sepsis. In: Wendt M, Lawin P (eds) Oxygen transport in the critically ill patient. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo,p 95–106
Gaehtgens P (1989) Microcirculatory control of tissue oxygenation. In: Reinhart K, Eyrich K (eds) Clinical aspects of 02 transport and tissue oxygenation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 44–52
Grote J (1969) Physiologie und Pathophysiologic des Sauerstofftransportes im Blut. In: Frey R, Halmägyi M, Lang K, Thews G (Hrsg) Hypoxie. Grundlagen und Klinik. Anaesthesiologie und Wiederbelebung, Bd 30. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S18–34
Gutierrez G, Pohil RJ, Strong RJ (1988) Effect of flow on 02 consumption during progressive hypoxaemia. J Appl Physiol 65: 601–607
Gutierrez G, Pohil RJ, Narayana P (1989) Skeletal muscle 02 consumption and energy metabolism during hypoxaemia. J Appl Physiol 66: 2117–2123
Hallowell P, Bland JH, Buckley MJ (1972) Transfusion of fresh autologous blood for open heart surgery. J Thorac Cardio vase Surg 64: 941–946
Heyndrickx G (1990) Role of subendocardial ischemia in the pathogenesis of heart failure. In: Vincent JL (ed) Update in intensive care and emergency medicine, Bd 10 - Update 1990. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 341–348
Hochrein H (1976) Anämieherz. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 101: 1472–1473
JAMA (1988) Perioperative red blood cell transfusion. Consensus conference. JAMA 260 /11: 2700–2703
Janvier G, Guenard H,Winnock S,Vallet A, Dugrais G (1990) 02-delivery (D02) and 02-consumption (V02) under general anesthesia and hemodilution. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A163
Jung F, Koscielny J, Mrowietz C, Wolf S, Kiesewetter H, Wenzel E (1990) Einfluß der Hämodilution auf den systemischen und den Kapillarhämatokrit. Infusionstherapie 17: 268–275
Kampschulte S, Smith J, Safar P (1969) Sauerstofftransport nach Herz-Lungen-Wieder-belebung. In: Frey R, Halmägyi M, Lang K, Thews G (Hrsg) Hypoxie. Grundlagen und Klinik. Anaesthesiologie und Wiederbelebung, Bd 30 Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S 95–101
Kettler D, Hellberg K, Klaess G, Kontokollias JS, Loos W, Vivie R de (1976) Hämodynamik, Sauerstoffbedarf und Sauerstoffversorgung des Herzens unter isovolämischer Hämodilution. Anaesthesist 25: 131–136
Kiel JW, Riedel GL, Shepherd AP (1989) Effects of hemodilution on gastric and intestinal oxygenation. Am J Physiol 256: 171–178
Kilian J, Meßmer K, Ahnefeld FW (Hrsg) (1987) Schock. Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Bd 33. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 175
Klövekorn WP (1990) Die myokardiale Sauerstoffversorgung unter Hämodilution bei herzgesunden und chirurgischen Patienten. Infusionstherapie [Suppl 2] 17: 24–27
Kuo L, Pittman RN (1988) Effect of hemodilution on oxygen transport in arteriolar networks of hamster striated muscle. Am J Physiol 254: 331–339
Leone BJ, Spahn DR, Mc Rae RL, Smith LR (1990) Effects of hemodilution and anesthesia on regional function of compromised myocardium. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A596
Levine E, Rosen A et al. (1990) Physiologic effects of acute anemia: Implications for a reduced transfusion trigger. Transfusion 30: 11–14
Ley K, Gaehtgens P (1987) Mikrozirkulationsstörungen im Schock. In: Kilian J, Meßmer K, Ahnefeld FW (Hrsg) Schock. Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Bd 33. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, S 19–36
Lindbom L, Mirhashemi S, Intaglietta M, Arfors KE (1988) Increase in capillary blood flow and relative haematoerit in rabbit skeletal muscle following acute normovolaemic anaemia. Acta Physiol Scand 134: 503–512
Lipowsky HH, Firrell JC (1986) Microvascular hemodynamics during systemic hemodilution and hemoconcentration. Am J Physiol 250: 908–922
Lund N, Jacobsson L, Lewis DH (1980) Effect of normovolemic hemodilution on skeletal muscle oxygen pressure fields in atherosclerotic mini-pigs. Preliminary report. Eur Surg Res 12: 79–86
Lundsgaard-Hansen P (1979) Hemodilution- new clothes for an anemic emperor. Vox Sang 36: 321–336
Lundsgaard-Hansen P (1990) Safety of modern transfusion practice. Curr Opinion Anaesth 3: 269–274
Lundsgaard-Hansen P, Doran JE, Blauhut B (1989) Is there a generally valid, minimum acceptable hemoglobin level? Infusionstherapie 16: 167–175
Martin E (1988) Hämodilution. Round table Diskussion. Klin Wochenschr [Suppl XV] 66: 40– 56
Maruyama M, Shimoji K, IchikawaT, Hashiba M, Naito E (1985) The effects of extreme hemodilutions on the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow, electroencephalogram and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in the dog. Stroke 16: 675–679
Mathru M, Kleinman B, Dries D, Blakeman B, Zecca A (1990) Myocardial adaptation during extreme hemodilution in humans. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A236
Mertzlufft FO (1988) Normalwerte der arteriellen (O2-Konzentration. In: Zander R, Mertzlufft FO (Hrsg) Der Sauerstoff-Status des arteriellen Blutes. Karger, Basel, S 227–236
Messmer K (1973) Die Sauerstoffversorgung bei Blutersatz durch Kolloidlösung. Infusionstherapie (Sonderheft) 1: 15–19
Messmer K (1981) Compensatory mechanismus for acute dilutional anemia. Bibl Haematol 47: 31–42
Messmer K (1987) Acceptable hematocrit levels in surgical patients. World J Surg 11: 41– 46
Messmer K (1988) Therapiebedürftige Grenzwerte akuter Änderungen der Hämoglobin- Konzentration. In: Zander R, Mertzlufft FO (Hrsg) Der Sauerstoff-Status des arteriellen Blutes. Karger, Basel, S 165–171
Messmer K, Kreimeier U, Intaglietta M (1986) Present state of intentional hemodilution. Eur Surg Res 18: 254–263
Mirhashemi S, Messmer K, Arfors KE, Intaglietta M (1987) Microcirculatory effects of normovolemic hemodilution in skeletal muscle. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp 6 /4: 359–365
Mirhashemi S, Messmer K, Intaglietta M (1987) Tissue perfusion during normovolemic hemodilution investigated by a hydraulic model of the cardiovascular system. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp 6 /2: 123–136
Neuhof H (1990) Determinants and control parameters of oxygen supply and oxygen consumption. In: Wendt M, Lawin P (eds) Oxygen transport in the critically ill patient. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 153–167
Nöldge GF, Priebe HJ, Schmidt M, Kopp KH, Geiger K (1990) Effects of isoflurane on splanchnic oxygenation during normovolemic hemodilution. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A546
Nöldge GF, Priebe HJ, Buttler K-J, Müller W, Armbruster K, Geiger K (1990) Does severe normovolemic hemodilution adversely affect splanchnic oxygenation? Anesthesiology 73/3A: A609
Nunn JF (ed) (1987) Applied respiratory physiology, 3rd edn. Butterworth, London, pp 235–283
Owings DV, Kruskall MS,Thurer RL, Donovan LM (1963) Autologous blood donations prior to elective cardiac surgery. JAMA 262 /14: 1963–1968
Parsloe MRJ,Wyld R, Fox M, Reilly CS (1990) Silent myocardial ischaemia in a patient with anaemia before operation. Br J Anaesth 64: 634–637
Pichlmayr I, Coburg A J, Pichlmayr R (1976) Spezielle Gesichtspunkte zur Narkoseführung bei akut hämodiluierten Patienten. Anaesthesist 25: 156–160
Quintin L,Viale JP, Annat G, Butin E, Hoen JP, Cottet-Eymard JM, Motin J (1990) Mass spectrometric measurement of oxygen uptake in the post-operative period of major abdominal surgery: Effect of Clonidine. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A252
Race D, Dedichen H, Schenk WE (1967) Regional blood flow during dextrane induced normovolaemic hemodilution in dog. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 53: 578–586
Reinhart K (1988) Zum Monitoring des Sauerstofftransportsystems. Anaesthesist 37: 1–9
Reinhart K, Eyrich K (eds) (1989) Clinical aspects of O2 transport and tissue oxygenation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo
Rooney M,Wat S, Hirsch L, Mathru M, RaoT (1990) Cardiac output and its distribution in dogs hemodiluted with 5% albumin or 10% hemoglobin. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A659
Rosberg B, Wulff K (1979) Regional blood flow in normovolaemic and hypovolaemic haemodilution. An experimental study. Br J Anaesth 51: 423–430
Rubin JR, Labadie E, Anderson G, Persky J, Goldstone J (1988) Effect of hemodilution on brain tissue during global ischemia. Ann Vase Surg 2: 127–132
Schmid-Schoenbein H, Rieger H (1981) Why hemodilution in low flow states? Bibl Haematol 47: 99–121
Schmid-Schoenbein H, Rieger H (1983) Isovolemic hemodilution as a functional therapy of decompensated arteriosclerotic stenoses of the femoral, cerebral and ophthalmic artery. Ric Clin Lab [Suppl 3] 13: 29–52
Schneider P, Wendt M (1988) Hämodilution bei reduzierter (O2-Transportkapazität. In: Bormann v. B, Schleinzer W (Hrsg) Hämodilution und autologe Transfusionsmethoden. Klin Wochenschr [Suppl 15 III] 66: 30–36
Shah DM, Prichard MN, Newell JC, Karmody AM, Scovill WA, Powers SR (1980) Increased cardiac output and oxygen transport after intra-operative isovolemic hemodilution. A study in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Arch Surg 115 /5: 597–600
Shelly MP, Nightingale P, Mortimer AJ, Edwards JD (1990) Oxygen delivery and uptake in critically ill survivors and non-survivors. Intensive Care Med 16/7: A483 (3)
Shoemaker WC (1990) Oxygen transport measured by tissue perfusion in high-risk surgical patients. In: Wendt M, Lawin P (eds) Oxygen transport in the critically ill patient. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 145–152
Shoemaker WC, Apple PL, Kram HB (1988) Tissue oxygen debt as a determinant of lethal and nonlethal postoperative organ failure. Crit Care Med 16 /11: 1117–1120
Shoemaker WC, Appel PL, Kram HB (1990) Measurement of tissue perfusion by oxygen transport patterns in experimental shock and in high-risk surgical patients. Intensive Care Med [Suppl 2] 16: 135–144
Staedt U, Hütt M, Herrmann B, Seufzer U, Leweling H (1989) Einfluß einer Hämodilution mit 10 %iger Hydroxyäthylstärkelösung (MW 200000/0,5) auf die Fließeigenschaften des Blutes, die arteriellen Blutgase und den konjunktivalen Sauerstoffpartialdruck bei Patienten mit Hirninfarkt. Infusionstherapie 16 No 3: 107–112
Sproule BJ, Mitchell JH, Miller WF (1960) Cardiopulmonary physiological responses to heavy exercises and patients with anaemia. J Clin Invest 39: 378–388
Sunder-Plassmann L, Messmer K (1979) Akute präoperative Hämodilution. Chirurg 50: 410–416
Sunder-Plassmann L, Klövekorn WP, Messmer K (1976) Präoperative Hämodilution: Grundlagen, Adaptationsmechanismen und Grenzen klinischer Anwendung. Anaesthesist 25: 124–130
Thews G (1969) Physiologie des Sauerstofftransportes und Pathophysiologic der Gewebs-hypoxie. In: Frey R, Halmägyi M, Lang K, Thews G (Hrsg) Hypoxie. Grundlagen und Klinik. Anaesthesiologie und Wiederbelebung, Bd 30. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S 1–11
Van der Linden P, Engelman E, Gilbart E, Paques P, Simon C,Vincent JL (1990) Effects of hematocrit on O2 tissue extraction capabilities. Anesthesiology 73/3A: A640
Vara-Thorbeck R, Guerrero-Fernandez-Marcote JA (1985) Hemodynamic response of elderly patients undergoing major surgery under moderate normovolaemic hemodilution. Eur Surg Res 17: 372–376
Wendt M, Hachenberg T, Brooke M, Schlüter E (1990) Pharmakological limitations of oxygen transport. In: Wendt M, Lawin P (eds) Oxygen transport in the critically ill patient. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, p 137–143
Zander R (1990) Der arterielle Sauerstoff-Status als limitierender Faktor einer Hämodilution. Infusionstherapie [Suppl 2] 17: 20–23
Zander R (1988) Berechnung der arteriellen 02-Konzentration. In: Zander R, Mertzlufft FO (Hrsg. ) Der Sauerstoff-Status des arteriellen Blutes. Karger, Basel, S 201–206
Zander R (1988) Therapiebedürftige Grenzwerte akuter und chronischer Änderungen der arteriellen 02-Konzentration. In: Zander R, Mertzlufft FO (Hrsg) Der Sauerstoff-Status des arteriellen Blutes. Karger, Basel, S 233–235
Zander R, Mertzlufft FO (Hrsg) (1988) Der Sauerstoff-Status des arteriellen Blutes. Karger, Basel
Zschiedrich H (1988) Therapiebedürftige Grenzwerte chronischer Änderungen der Hämoglobin-Konzentration. In: Zander R, Mertzlufft FO (Hrsg) Der Sauerstoff-Status des arteriellen Blutes. Karger, Basel, S 172–182
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dick, W., Baur, C., Reiff, K. (1993). Der kritische Hämatokrit — eine Analyse. In: Ahnefeld, F.W., Bergmann, H., Kilian, J., Kubanek, B., Weißauer, W. (eds) Fremdblutsparende Methoden. Klinische Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, vol 43. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77762-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77762-2_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-55907-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77762-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive