Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Organic carbon in the upper layer and its sedimentation during the ice-retreat period in the Scotia-Weddell Sea, 1988

  • Conference paper
Weddell Sea Ecology

  • 234 Accesses

Summary

The maximum of POC in the surface layer (200–400 μg·l−1) followed the retreating ice from end November to end December. In the upper 150 m DOC amounted to 10–20 times the POC content. Free floating sediment traps at 150 m showed a daily sedimentation of 0.6–11.6% of the standing stock of POC, 0.1–2.6% of the chlorophyll-a and 5–190% of the gross primary production. Maximum sedimentation occurred during grazing of a krill swarm, indicating the important role of krill swarms in the downward flux. Also at most other stations krill faecal strings formed a large part of the downward flux.

Data presented here were collected during the European Polarstern Study (EPOS) sponsored by the European Science Foundation

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bennekom AJ van, Bianchi F, Socal G, Goeyens L, Larsson AM, Tokarczyk R, Tréguer P (1992) Changes in the surface distribution patterns of nutrients near the Weddell-Scotia Confluence, October 1988 to January 1989 related to hydrography and phytoplankton blooms. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodungen B von, Smetacek V, Tilzer MM, Zeitzschel B (1986) Primary production and sedimentation during spring in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Deep-Sea Res 33:177–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bodungen B von, Fischer G, Nöthig EM, Wefer G (1987) Sedimentation of krill faeces during spring development of phytoplankton in Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. Mitt Geol-Paläont Inst Univ Hamburg (Sonderband) 62:243–257

    Google Scholar 

  • Bölter M, Dawson R (1982) Heterotrophic utilisation of biochemical compounds in Antarctic waters. Neth J Sea Res 16:315–332

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cadée GC (1982) Tidal and seasonal variation in particulate and dissolved organic carbon in the western Dutch Wadden Sea and Marsdiep tidal inlet. Neth J Sea Res 15:228–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cadée GC (1986) Organic carbon in the watercolumn and its sedimentation, Fladen Ground (North Sea), May 1983. Neth J Sea Res 20:347–358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cadée GC (1988) Organic carbon in the upper 100 m and downward flux in the Banda Sea; monsoonal differences. Neth J Sea Res 22:109–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cadée GC, Cuzin-Roudy J, Gonzalez H, Granéli E, Lindner L, Riebesell U, Schalk P, Schiel S, Schloss I (1989) A multiparameter approach to krill eology: an attempt to summarize. In: Hempel I, Schalk H, Smetacek V (eds) The expedition Atarktis VII/3 (EPOS LEG 2) of RV ‘Polarstern” in 1988/89. Ber Polarforsch 65:167–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Cadée GC, González H, Schnack-Schiel S (1992) Diet effects sinking rate of krill faecal strings. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson R, Schramm W, Bölter M (1985) Factors influencing the production decomposition and distribution of organic and inorganic matter in Admiralty Bay, King George Island. In: Siegfried WR, Condy PR, Laws RM (eds) Antarctic nutrient cycles and food webs, Springer, Berlin, pp 109–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Degens ET, Ittekkot V (1983) Dissolved organic carbon - an overview. Mitt Geol-Paläont Inst Univ Hamburg (Sonderband) 55:21–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Dehairs F, Geoyens L, Stroobants N (1992) The distribution of particulate Barium, Silicium, Calcium, Strontium, Organic Carbon and Aluminium in the Scotia-Weddell Confluence. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Delille D (1990) Factors affecting the horizontal patchiness of coastal Antarctic seawater bacteria. Polar Biol 11:41–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • EPOS-LEG 2 (1989) EPOS-LEG 2 Datareport Hydrography Part I. NIOZ, Texel

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer G, Fütterer D, Gersonde R, Honjo S, Ostermann D, Wefer G (1988) Seasonal variability of particle flux in the Weddell Sea and its relation to ice cover. Nature 335:426–428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franeker JA van (1989) Sea ice conditions. In: Hempel I, Schalk PH, Smetacek V (eds) The expedition Antarktis VII/3 (EPOS Leg 2) of RV “Polarstern” in 1988/89. Ber Polarforsch 65:10–13

    Google Scholar 

  • González H (1992) The distribution and abundance of faecal pellets in the Southern Ocean (Antarctica) and their role in the particle flux. 1. Krill and oval faeces. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gran HH (1931) On the conditions for the production of plankton in the sea. Rapp Proc-Verb Cons Perm Int Explor Mer 75:37–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Gundersen K, Wassmann P (1990) Use of chloroform in sediment traps: caution advised. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 64:187–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hempel G (1985) On the biology of polar seas, particularly the Southern Ocean. In: Gray JS, Christiansen ME (eds) Marine biology of polar regions and effects of stress on marine organisms. Wiley, New York, pp 3–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Huntley M, Karl DM, Niiler P, Holm-Hansen O (1991) Research on Antarctic coastal ecosystem rates (RACER): an interdisciplinary field experiment. Deep-Sea Res 38:911–941

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacques G, Panouse M (1989) Phytoplankton biomass distribution. In: Hempel I, Schalk PH, Smetacek V (eds) The Expedition Antarktis VII/3 (EPOS Leg 2) of RV “Polarstern” in 1988/89. Ber Polarforsch 65:61–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacques G, Panouse M (1991) Biomass and composition of size fractionated phytoplankton in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence area Polar Biol 11:315–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Karl DM, Tilbrook BD, Tien G (1991) Seasonal coupling of organic matter production and particle flux in the western Bransfield Strait, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Res 38:1097–1126

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchman DL, Suzuki Y, Garside C, Ducklow HW (1991) High turnover rates of dissolved organic carbon during a spring phytoplankton bloom. Nature 352:612–614

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lancelot C, Veth C, Mathot S (1991) Modelling ice-edge phytoplankton bloom in the Scotia-Weddell sea sector of the Southern Ocean during springh 1988. J Mar Syst 2:333–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mackinnon MD (1981) The measurement of organic carbon in sea water. In: Duursma ED, Dawson R (eds) Marine organic Chemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 415–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathot S, Lancelot C (1992) Gross and net primary production in the Scotia-Weddell Sea sector of the Southern Ocean (EPOS 2) during spring 1988. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathot S, Lancelot C, Panouse M (1992) Daily primary production during EPOS 1 and EPOS 2. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Menzel DW, Vaccaro RF (1964) The measurement of dissolved and particulate organic carbon in seawater. Limnol Oceanogr 9:138–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mopper K, Degens ET (1979) Organic carbon in the ocean: nature and cycling. In: Bolin S, Degens ET, Kempe S, Ketner P (eds) The global carbon cycle. SCOPE 13. Wiley, New York, pp 293–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson DM, Smith WO, Gordon LI, Huber BA (1988) Spring distributions of density, nutrients, and phytoplankton biomass in the ice edge zone of the Weddell-Scotia Sea. J Geophys Res 92:7181–7190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson DM, Smith WO, Muench RD, Gordon LI, Sullivan CW, Husby DM (1989) Particulate matter and nutrient distributions in the ice-edge zone of the Weddell Sea: relationship to hydrography during late summer. Deep-Sea Res 36:191–209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peinert R, Saure A, Stegemann P, Stienen G, Haardt H, Smetacek V (1982) Dynamics of primary production and sedimentation in a coastal ecosystem. Neth J Sea Res 16:276–289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peinert R, Bodungen B von, Smetacek V (1989) Food web structure and loss rates. In: Berger WH, Smetacek V, Wefer G (eds) Productivity of the oceans: present and past. Dahlem Konferenzen. Wiley, New York, pp 33–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakshaug E, Skjoldal R (1989) Life at the ice edge. Ambio 18:60–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnack SB (1985) A note on the sedimentation of particulate matter in Antarctic waters during summer. Meeresforschung 30:306–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Smetacek V, Broeckel K von, Zeitzschel B, Zenk W (1978) Sedimentation of particulate matter during a phytoplankton spring bloom in relation to the hydrographical regime. Mar Biol 47:211–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smetacek V, Veth C (1989) Introduction. In: Hempel I, Schalk PH, Smetacek V (eds) The Expedition Antarktis VII/3 (EPOS Leg 2) of RV “Polarstern” in 1988/89. Ber Polarforsch 65:1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Smetacek V, Scharek R, Nöthig E-M (1990) Seasonal and regional variation in the pelagial and its relationship to the life history cycle of krill. In: Kerry KR, Hempel G (eds) Antarctic ecosystems, ecological change and conservation. Springer, Berlin, pp 103–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith WO, Nelson DM (1985) Phytoplankton bloom produced by a receding ice edge in the Ross Sea: spatial coherence with the density field. Science 227:163–166

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strickland JDH (1960) Measuring the production of marine phytoplankton. Bull Fish Res Board Can 122:1–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugimura Y, Suzuki Y (1988) A high temperature catalytic oxidation method of non-volatile dissolved organic carbon in seawater by direct injection of liquid samples. Mar Chem 24:105–131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan CW, McClain CR, Comiso JC (1988) Phytoplankton standing crops within an Antarctic ice edge assessed by satellite remote sensing. J Geophys Res 93:12487–12498

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toggweiler JR (1989) Is the downward dissolved organic matter (DOM) flux important in carbon transport? In: Berger WH, Smetacek VS Wefer G (eds) Productivity of the ocean: present and past. Dahlem Konferenzen. Wiley, New York, pp 65–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Veth C (1991) The evolution of the upper water layer in the marginal ice zone, austral spring 1988, Scotia-Weddell Sea. J Mar Syst 2:451–464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Veth C, Ober S (1992) The structure of the upper part of the watercolumn in the spring marginal ice zone of the Weddell-Scotia area of the Southern Ocean. Polar Biol 12: (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Wefer G, Fischer G, Fütterer D, Gersonde R (1988) Seasonal particle flux in the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica). Deep-Sea Res 35:891–898

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wefer G (1989) Particle flux in the ocean: effects of episodic production. In: Berger WH, Smetacek V, Wefer G (eds) Productivity of the ocean: present and past. Dahlem Konferenzen. Wiley, New York, pp 139–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams PM, Druffel ERM (1988) Dissolved organic matter in the ocean: comments on a controversy. Oceanography 1:14–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams PM (1991) Scientists and industry reps attend workshop on measuring DOC and DON in natural waters. US JGOFS News 3(1):1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeitzschel B, Diekman P, Uhlmann L (1978) A new multisample sediment trap. Mar Biol 45:285–288

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, Den Burg, Texel, NL-1790 AB, The Netherlands

    G. C. Cadée

Authors
  1. G. C. Cadée
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Polarökologie, Universität Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1-3 Gebäude 12, W-2300, Kiel 1, Germany

    Gotthilf Hempel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Cadée, G.C. (1992). Organic carbon in the upper layer and its sedimentation during the ice-retreat period in the Scotia-Weddell Sea, 1988. In: Hempel, G. (eds) Weddell Sea Ecology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77595-6_29

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77595-6_29

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-77597-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-77595-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation