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Basic Characteristics and Hormonal Regulation of Ion Transport in Avian Hindguts

  • Chapter
Ion Transport in Vertebrate Colon

Part of the book series: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology ((COMPARATIVE,volume 16))

Abstract

The transport of ions — particularly of NaCl — across the epithelia of the lower intestines of birds is of interest for two reasons. First, the epithelia of these gut segments respond in a number of avian species with marked changes in rate and mechanism of transport depending on the NaCl content of the diet, or following external injection of osmoregulatory hormones. This makes these epithelia valuable as transport models. Second, the fact that the cloaca and lower gut function as storage organs for ureteral urine and feces makes the mechanisms and regulation of ion transport across the walls very important in avian excretory physiology. The chicken coprodeum has not only the largest increase in transport of Na inducible by NaCl depletion encountered among vertebrates, it is also in the unique position of being, so far, the only organ for which total organ adaptation has been quantified on the ultrastructural level. The morphological adaptation may then be related to the adaptation of apical and basolateral transport capacity on the single cell level and to transepithelial transport rates as measured in vitro and in vivo. Turnheim (1991) has in a recent review observed: “Since the emergence of cellular biology, we have been so centered on the individual cell that we may have lost sight of the fact that in higher animals cells do not occur as single entities but as a connected multitude”. Here, the detailed aspects of adaptation of the “connected multitude” of cells have been studied on an ideal model epithelium.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Section for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 13 Bülowsvej, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

    Erik Skadhauge

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  1. Erik Skadhauge
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  1. Institut für Tierphysiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Wartweg 95, W-6300, Giessen, Germany

    Wolfgang Clauss

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Skadhauge, E. (1993). Basic Characteristics and Hormonal Regulation of Ion Transport in Avian Hindguts. In: Clauss, W. (eds) Ion Transport in Vertebrate Colon. Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology, vol 16. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77118-7_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77118-7_4

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