Zusammenfassung
In der Entwicklung der Kausalforschung affektiver Erkrankungen kamen die wichtigsten Impulse aus der Neuropharmakologie. Die Entdeckung der antidepressiven Wirkung von Imipramin durch den Schweizer Psychiater Kuhn und die Beobachtung, daß sich bei 10–20% aller Patienten, die wegen einer Hypertonus mit Reserpin behandelt wurden, ein depressives Syndrom entwickelte, führten zur Noradrenalin-Mangel-Hypothese der Depression. Sie basierte auf pharmakologischen Befunden, nach denen das Antidepressiva Imipramin durch Wiederaufnahmehemmung von Noradrenalin in die präsynaptischen Nervenendigungen dessen postsynaptische Bioverfügbarkeit erhöht. Weiter wurde diese Hypothese durch die pharmakologische Eigenschaft von Reserpin gestützt, das die präsynaptischen Noradrenalinvesikel entspeichert und so nach längerer Anwendung die noradrenerge Neurotransmission vermindert (Abb. 1).
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Steiger, A., von Bardeleben, U., Holsboer, F. (1991). Neurobiologische Grundlagen der „Spezifität“ verschiedener Antidepressiva. In: Hippius, H., Laakmann, G. (eds) Depressionstherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77105-7_9
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